KR101080877B1 - Leather dyeing method and products thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dyeing method for dyeing leather using natural mineral dyes and lacquer essence, and a product thereof.

The present invention comprises: (a) a first dyeing step (100) of dissolving a dyeing material of any one fruit or leaf or root of a specific tree or plant in water and then dyeing a specific leather by adding a specific mordant; (b) a drying step 200 of sufficiently drying the leather which has been subjected to the first dyeing step; (c) dilution prepared by mixing viscous natural sap with transparent lacquered sap and transparent lacquered sap with mineral powder of specific color to prepare viscoelastic natural dye, and distilling sap from pine or longevity tree. A second dyeing step (300) of dipping the leather by immersing the dried leather in a drying process so as to sufficiently dry the dried leather in the drying process and then heating the salt solution at a temperature of 30 ° C to 70 ° C; (d) drying step 400 of taking out the leather immersed in the salt solution and drying sufficiently in the air; (e) In order to give the fastness and water resistance of the dried leather, the dried leather is spread evenly and softly and flexibly processed, and then a lacquer coating film is formed (500) by spraying a transparent cloth liquid with a brush or a sprayer on the surface of the leather. Characterized in that the drying step (600).

 Natural leather, natural dyes, minerals, stone pigments, inorganic dyes, stone plants, ginchae

Description

Leather dyeing method using natural minerals and lacquer and its products {LEATHER DYEING METHOD AND PRODUCTS THEREOF}

The present invention is to dye the leather by immersing the leather in a salt solution dissolved in a dilute solvent made of intestinal oil or truncated oil, mixed with natural mineral dyes and lacquer essence prepared transparently to form a lacquer coating on the leather at the same time It relates to a leather dyeing method using a natural mineral and lacquer and to product.

In general, natural dyeing is a dye that is dissolved in water penetrates into the fiber to dye the fiber of a completely different color, dyes are largely divided into vegetable dyes, animal dyes, mineral dyes.

Plant dyes include plant leaves, flowers, berries and bark. Monochromatic dyes that can only dye one color with one kind of dye, such as heartwood and roots, are divided into polychromatic dyes that emit various colors using various mordant agents. It can be divided into basic and flame dyes.

Vegetable dyes are obtained from colored petals of plants, fruits, stems, roots, and leaves. For example, red is the petal called safflower, and yellow is the fruit of gardenia or turmeric. In the sap of 草 雌 黃, the indigo color is extracted from the stems and leaves of the genus, belonging to the genus, and the turmeric color is extracted from the roots and stems of the turmeric belonging to the ginger family, and used as a dye or safflower, fire redwood, gardenia, Yellow dyeing of yellowish white and turmeric clam was used.

In addition, depending on the raw materials of the dye, various dyeing methods, such as safflower salt, fire salt, nephritis, Schizandra chilitis, sulfur white salt, gingivitis, turmeric salt, sulfur salt, lump salt, shoot salt, aryngitis, soybean salt, infection, side salt, red salt, etc. There is this.

The above-described dyeing methods are described as a conventional dyeing method for each color according to the dyeing, some of the conventional dyeing techniques.

Fire salts are dyed using decoctions from the red flesh of trees such as firefighting or joining, firefighting, firefighting, lumbering, scarlet, and multi-wood. If you want dark pink color, it is colored with alum, and if you want royal blue color, it is colored with iron acetate.

Cheonitis, also known as puppet or ginseng saree dyeing, is a method of dyeing another dye plant used in red paint. The yellowish-red hairs of these marionette vines have long been used as medicinal herbs and dyes. It is a typical mordant dye that requires the use of mordant (alum) due to its difficult dyeing and difficult dissolution. When dyed cotton (white cloth), it is treated with lye and treated with alum.

Lying by lye is first soaked in cold lye. Soak marshmallow in 50-60 ℃ water and let it soak for a while to make it vivid and bright yellowish red color. Iron buff instead of lye bury becomes brown.

Red salt is also called red salt or red salt, and it is used when dyeing red color using safflower (fireflies), firefighting, or cloth. Safflower staining with safflower, or safflower salt, removes succulents by pouring boiling water into the sifted solution as it is or by cutting the petals. Then add lye, drain the first water, and pour boiling water again to receive the rich water. When this solution turns red, add Schisandra liquor to make a salt bath, soak the cloth and dye it until the desired concentration is reached at a temperature of 50-60 ° C. If you want to dye a deeper red color, sediment of safflower and Schisandra chinensis is settled and dried to make powder.

Schizandra is a deciduous vine shrub belonging to the Magnolia family, and its dyeing method is based on Schisandra chinensis, which has five flavors: sour, bitter, spicy, cold, and sweet. Dilute to an appropriate concentration with water to make a saline solution. Put the cloth in the saline solution, and boil and dye. Schisandra chinensis is a dye used to dye red.

The dyeing material of yellow series is turmeric sulfur lotus, lump, yellow white. Plants such as gardenia, shoots and duri are used as a raw material for yellow dyeing. The yellow-white salt dries the bark of the yellow-white tree in the sun and soaks it in cold water overnight for dyeing and lye. After yellowing, yellowing can yield green leather.

Gardenia salt is a dye that can be dyed without mordant. The fruit of gardenia belonging to the locust family is dried and immersed in water. Mainly used for dyeing textiles such as veterinary clothing.

Turmeric is a raw dye of Indian traditional curry "curry", also known as turmeric or turmeric. Tear off the roots of ginger and perennial turmeric or dye them with a solution soaked in water.

Animal dyes are dyes that can be obtained from the animal world, and are insects parasitic in the gall bladder or cactus, cochineal, kermes, or compound wood, which are parasitic insects living on blood, juice, purple clams, and red trees. As a raw material, mushrooms parasitic on trees, mushrooms on rocks or stones, and cancer bacteria are used as raw materials.

Mineral dyes can be divided into inorganic organic pigments, representative of soil or mud. Inorganic pigments are glutinous rice flavors. Glue, animal oil, etc. are used, but soybean juice is used a lot and raw materials include ocher podium, state guncheong, and mud. Organic pigments can be said to be resins. As the material, lead, red, cochineal resin and the like are used.

In addition to the dyeing method for each dye as described above, there are more various raw materials and dyeing techniques according to the dyeing method, but natural dyeing is difficult and difficult to dye because the dyeing method requires a unique dyeing method for each raw material, such as using a mordant according to the raw material.

Dyeing with vegetable dyes have the disadvantage that the color is poor but the clarity is poor and thin, and if the dyed clothes are stored for a long time, the clothes are easily damaged by pests such as worms, and the color is lost or discolored by frequent washing.

On the other hand, the dyeing method using mineral materials has the advantage that color is less when washed, compared to vegetable raw materials, and has a strong color, but it is inferior in reproducibility, low dyeing compared to vegetable dyes, difficult to obtain raw materials, and expensive. There is this.

As described above, when the leather is dyed with mineral dyes, the leather is thick, unlike fabrics, so that the pigment does not penetrate the tissue well and absorbs rainwater or water well. It is easy to get on the human body, mold is easy to bloom, and the leather is exposed to sunlight for a long time or severely cracked due to deterioration.Therefore, it is waterproof or water-repellent which is a chemical agent for dyeing or waterproofing. Since the coating and UV coating agent is applied, not only an intrinsic dyeing technique but also a disadvantage of having to perform a deodorizing process for a certain time on the coated leather.

In addition, natural leather products such as sofas have a problem in that the coating film coated on the leather is peeled off due to frequent contact with the body in everyday life, and thus the durability and fastness of the leather are inferior. It is about 3 to 5 times longer than this vegetable dye, and there is also a disadvantage in productivity.

It is an object of the present invention to dye a specific color in leather, and to dye dyes deep into the leather tissue with mineral natural dyes and lacquer essences, and at the same time the leather tissue forms a coating of lacquer sap components, thereby preventing discoloration and discoloration, It is to provide a leather natural dyeing method and its product which can improve the dyeing property by penetrating deep into the tissue of the leather in a short time by improving the antiseptic, insect repellent and bactericidal action and wear resistance and color fastness.

Leather dyeing method using natural minerals and lacquer according to the present invention,

(a) a first dyeing step (100) of dissolving any of the fruits or leaves or roots of a specific tree or a specific plant in water and then dyeing the leather by adding a specific mordant;

(b) a drying step 200 of sufficiently drying the leather which has been subjected to the first dyeing step;

(c) dilution prepared by mixing viscous natural sap with transparent lacquered sap and transparent lacquered sap with mineral powder of specific color to prepare viscoelastic natural dye, and distilling sap from pine or longevity tree. A second dyeing step (300) of dipping the leather by immersing the dried leather in a drying process so as to sufficiently dry the dried leather in the drying process and then heating the salt solution at a temperature of 30 ° C to 70 ° C;

(d) drying step 400 of taking out the leather immersed in the salt solution and drying sufficiently in the air;

(e) In order to give the fastness and water resistance of the dried leather, the dried leather is spread evenly and softly and flexibly processed, and then a lacquer coating film is formed (500) by spraying a transparent cloth liquid with a brush or a sprayer on the surface of the leather. It can be implemented by the drying step (600).

When the leather is infiltrated into the salt solution diluted with the viscoelastic mineral dye according to the present invention in a dilution solvent for a certain time, the sap (transparent lacquer) and the sap (famous oil) component of the flow tree and the dye pigment are dyed deep into the tissue of the leather and the sap sap Since the coating is made, the leather can be manufactured with improved waterproofness, water repellency, and abrasion resistance, and the leather can be protected by antiseptic, insect repellent, and antibacterial and antiseptic action with transparent lacquer. As a result, the dyed color is clear, the surface of the leather is glossy, the color does not change or fall out, and the durability is enhanced to extend the life of the leather.

Hereinafter, the leather dyeing method using the natural mineral and lacquer liquid according to the present invention will be described in detail.

Among the natural dyes defined below, vegetable raw materials are flowers. It is a salt solution extracted from leaves, roots, bark, tree heartwood, and fruit.The animal raw material is cochineal, kermes, leadworm, small, gallnut, compound ringworm, etc., and the natural mineral raw material is Absolute Black. , Ocher, emerald pearl, ganban rock, jade stone, basalt, bisha brown and other various rocks, and inorganic pigments such as loess, podium state office, gamcheong, mud, charcoal, volcanic ash.

Leather is also used interchangeably in the same meaning as "leather," and encompasses the skins of sheep, sheepskin, maffy, crocodile, foxskin, mink, weasel and other various animals.

In addition, the primary dyeing process described below means dyeing the leather using the above-described vegetable or animal dyes, and the secondary dyeing process means dyeing the leather after the primary dyeing process with mineral dyes and lacquer essence. do.

[Manufacture of Constituents]

The natural mineral dye according to the present invention is a pulverized mineral having a specific color (hereinafter referred to as chaechae powder), mineral natural dyes having a predetermined cohesive power by adding a caking additive to the chaechae powder, and pigments of natural dyes And diluent that elutes the binder and controls the concentration and viscosity of the salt solution.

[Production of Dye]

The chalcedony powder is a finely powdered mineral as described above in a 2,500 mesh using a ball mill, the particle size of the chalcedony powder is sufficient by the diluent solvent And it is prepared by grinding very finely so as to elute as much as possible.

[Preparation of Caking Powders on Quarry Powders]

The caking agent is a substance added to the sesame powder in order to agglomerate the powdery lime dye into a viscoelastic material, and in the present invention, a mixture of the sap extracted from the lacquer and the sap extracted from the fruit of the Aluryites fordi Hemsi (also known as paulownia) is mixed. Illustrate that.

The extract extracted from the lacquer tree refers to the flow of the lacquer sap from the raw vegetable when the raw lacquer is given to the lacquer. It is also called the raw lacquer or raw chile. Fresh lacquer is an off-white oily solution with about 70% urushiol, and it contains rubber (4-8%), nitrogenous material (2-3%), enzymes (laccase) and water (10-20%). .

Raw lacquer is chemically separated from various components in the bark tissue, but when the skin swells, it is mixed into an emulsion containing a large amount of urushiol, water, and polysaccharide, and its state is not uniform. Because it contains a quick surface hardening even in a low humidity environment.

The characteristics of fresh lacquer are greyish white at first, but after a period of time, it gradually turns black due to deterioration and becomes opaque. It has a viscous, characteristic smell, and especially has a waterproof, insect repellent, antiseptic, insecticidal and mordant effect. B. Crafts It is mainly used for painting and finishing materials.

The composition of raw lacquer is easy to cause wrinkles that cause defects of the lacquer coating due to the rapid polymerization during lacquer coating on wood products, and the discoloration of the lacquer coating due to a large amount of polysaccharides and deterioration of the coating film by ultraviolet rays. Will occur.

Lacquer using raw lacquer is a traditional paint with excellent durability so that the lacquer film is maintained even after thousands of years, and is still used for products requiring strong durability.

Lacquer coating has strong chemical resistance that does not corrode to various organic solvents, so it can be developed as industrial paint for various applications such as industrial paint, oil storage tank, oil pipeline, LNG storage tank, chemical plant piping equipment etc. do.

To make colored raw lacquer transparently, remove foreign substances or impurities from sap extracted from lacquer tree (hereinafter called raw lacquer), and then stir the raw lacquer while irradiating it with ultraviolet rays for about 2 hours. The color changes to transparent (hereinafter referred to as "transparent lacquer liquid") due to deterioration due to polysaccharides, but its properties remain unchanged. The ultraviolet irradiation device used a medical ultraviolet lamp.

Fluidized tree extract is an oil extracted from the fluid of the tree, and when the fluid is pressed with a compressor, a pale milky oil is extracted (called live oil), which is well dried and has a high viscosity to form a thick and elastic coating after drying. Since oil has the property of smoothing ability, it has been used a lot as coating oil of jangpan or umbrella paper since ancient times. Recently, it is also partially used as a raw material for architectural paints, varnishes and printing inks.

As a method of preparing raw copper oil transparently, the raw copper oil is added to a container and heated to produce a mutton oil. Although crude oil becomes transparent from raw milk to transparent oil, physical and chemical properties are retained.

As described above, when mixed colored lacquer and live crude oil are mixed with lime powder, transparent lacquer and transparent kerosene are used to make a desired color because the color of the lime powder and the color of the raw lacquer and raw milk are combined to make an unpredictable color. .

In the present invention, the sum of transparent lacquer and famous oil is added to 18 to 22 parts by weight (the rest of the quarry powder) to prepare a viscoelastic natural dye having a viscosity that the dough does not stick to the dough when kneading the flour to make bread It was.

As such, the viscoelastic natural dye can control the addition ratio of the diluent solvent according to the viscosity. As the mixing amount of the viscoelastic natural dye increases, the elution amount of the transparent lacquer and the bright oil increases, the fluidity of the salt solution decreases and the dyeing efficiency decreases.

In the present invention, the dilution ratio of the natural dye in the diluting solvent was used a salt solution diluted to at least 0.5 parts by weight, the maximum 45 parts by weight of the natural dye to 100 parts by weight of the diluent solvent.

If the dilution ratio of the natural dye exceeds 45 parts by weight, the lacquer and the famous component are excessively eluted in the salt solution and the viscosity of the salt solution is increased, resulting in thickening of the transparent lacquer and the clear coating film formed on the leather, and delaying the drying time of the leather. .

In addition, if the quartz dye is diluted to 60 parts by weight or more in the diluting solvent, the salt solution may increase in viscosity and the salt solution may not penetrate into the leather sufficiently, resulting in uneven color distribution.

On the contrary, when the natural dye is diluted to 0.5 parts by weight or less in the diluent solvent, the elution amount of the dye dye is lowered, and the dyeing and color development become cloudy and light.

[Preparation of Diluent Solvent of Dyestuffs]

A method of preparing a diluting solvent for eluting the dye of the natural dye, the transparent lacquer, and the clear component with a salt solution and diluting the concentration of the salt solution will be described.

Diluting solvents act to make the dyes and lacquer of natural dyes active, so that the dye and the lacquer component can easily penetrate into the fiber of the cloth, and dye to a uniform color.

In the present invention, the dilution solvent is one of the songjeol oil or enteric oil, the production method is as follows.

Songjeol (松節油) manufacturing method is produced by distilling the trunk of the pine in a V-shape with a knife or digging the groove in a spiral shape and water into the wood pulverized from the rupture opening 1: 1.

Songjeol oil has a stronger scent than pine scent before distillation, but after distillation, the pine scent remains small, transparent, colorless and viscous similar to water.

Songjeol oil is harmless to human body even after drinking and the drying speed is almost the same when compared with water. Most are harvested in summer.

Jangnae oil is prepared by pouring water 1: 1 to distilled wood from the wound when wound on the trunk of longevity tree, it is a clear and transparent liquid, it is slower to dry than Songjeol oil. And the viscosity is almost the same as Songjeol oil, also taken in summer.

Songjeol oil has a faster drying rate than intestinal oil, so it is better to use Songjeol as a diluent in winter when the air temperature is low, and enteric oil as a diluent in summer.

Even if one of the dilution solvents of the songjeol and enteric oil prepared as described above is selected, both the lacquer component and the bright oil component can be eluted, and the pigment can be dyed to leather.

As described above, the desired amount of diluent, that is, songjeol or intestinal oil, is poured into the salt container, the desired amount of natural dye is poured into it, and the diluted solvent is stirred to dissolve the natural dye. After immersing and rubbing the leather with your hands or stirring it with a stick and stirring it, the dye, transparent lacquer and famous ingredients penetrate into the leather.

After a certain period of time, the leather is taken out of the salt solution and dried sufficiently to leave a specific color on the leather.

Referring to the dyeing process to the leather using the salt solution and diluent as described above are as follows.

In the first step 100, as shown in FIG. 1, a specific mordant is first added to a salt solution in which the dyeing material of any fruit, leaf or root of a specific tree or a specific plant is dissolved in water, and the desired salt solution is added to the salt solution. Dyeing Dyeing leather.

The vegetable salt solution may vary in color stained with leather depending on the type of salt raw material, and the mordant may also vary accordingly. Plant dyeing may employ a known dyeing material and the dyeing technique accordingly.

The second step 200 takes out the leather immersed in the vegetable saline solution and sufficiently dries the leather. Since the drying time can be increased or decreased depending on the thickness or area of the leather, the drying time of the leather is not specified, but the aim is to dry the leather sufficiently.

In the third step (300), a natural dye is prepared by mixing a colored powder having a specific color with a clear oil prepared with a fluid sap and a lacquer with a lacquer sap made transparent, and kneading the powder with a viscoelastic material. Then, the natural dye is immersed in a salt solution dissolved in a dilution solvent prepared by distilling the sap of pine sap or longevity tree so that the dried leather is submerged, and the salt solution is heated to a temperature of 30 ℃ to 70 degrees for a certain time into the leather tissue. Dye the specific color.

At this time, the color of the natural dye used in the third process uses a natural dye having the same color series as the color of the vegetable dye, which is because the color of the dye dyed by the vegetable dye and the color of the mineral dye is dyed again in the leather. The color of the natural dyes according to the third process is further dyed to the color of the dye, so that the color dyed to the leather is more dark and clear.

When the salt solution is heated to 30 ~ 70 ℃, while the fluidity of the dilution solvent is improved, the dissolution of the lacquer component in the dilution solvent is activated, the dye dye penetrates deeply into the tissue of the leather with the lacquer component to improve the dyeing property of the pigment. Dye pigments, lacquers and diluent solvents that are dyed inside the tissues of the leather provide antiseptic action to the leather and provide a water resistant effect.

As the fourth step 400, the leather immersed in the salt solution of the third step is taken out and dried sufficiently in the air. When the leather is dried by the fourth process, the leather may be stiff and wrinkled or dried in a state where the leather partially overlaps.

In the fifth process, in order to give the fastness and water resistance of the dried leather, the wrinkled part is evenly stretched, stretched and softly processed in the drying process, and then the transparent lacquer is applied with a brush on the surface of the leather or sprayed with a clear cloth solution with a sprayer. After forming the lacquer coating (500) to dry the leather (600).

The thickness of the coating or coating film by lacquer is appropriately adjusted by the worker according to the type, form and use of the leather. The coating film formed on the surface of the leather has the effect of greatly improving the waterproofness, abrasion resistance insect repellent and sterilization of the leather.

The leather dyed as described above neutralizes the lacquer component 700 through a known heat treatment to produce a leather fabric.

As described above, according to the leather dyeing method using the natural minerals and lacquer according to the present invention, the tissue of the leather is damaged by pests because of the antiseptic, insect repellent, antimicrobial, bactericidal and antibacterial action by the lacquer component It can be prevented, and also by the gloss effect of the transparent lacquer and famous oil, it is possible to obtain a leather fabric which is shiny in leather, vivid in color, and which does not discolor and discolor.

1 is a process of dyeing leather according to the present invention.

Claims (2)

(a) a first dyeing step (100) of dissolving the dyeing material of any one fruit or leaf or root of the tree or plant in water and dyeing the leather by adding a mordant; (b) a drying step 200 of sufficiently drying the leather which has been subjected to the first dyeing step; (c) Dilution prepared by mixing viscous natural sap with transparent lacquered sap and transparent lacquered sap with mineral powder colored to prepare viscoelastic natural dye, and distilling sap from pine or longevity tree. A second dyeing step (300) of immersing the dried leather in a drying process to soak the dried leather in a drying process and then heating the salt solution to a temperature of 30 ° C. to 70 ° to dye the leather; (d) drying step 400 of taking out the leather immersed in the salt solution and drying sufficiently in the air; (e) After spreading the dried leather to give the fastness and water resistance of the dried leather to form a lacquer coating film (500) by spraying a transparent lacquer with a brush or sprayer on the surface of the leather (600) and drying it Leather dyeing method using a natural mineral and lacquer, characterized in that made. Leather manufactured according to the process according to claim 1.

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