RU2567211C1 - Plant for recycling carbon dioxide in livestock building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: plant for recycling carbon dioxide in the livestock building comprises a compressor for pumping gas, a cleaning unit 9, a system of pipelines 8, a storage tank of gas, air intakes 1 mounted in the lower part of the livestock building, a fan 3 connected by the pipeline system with the air intakes 1, a storage tank for polluted air 5 with a check valve 4 to prevent the escape of polluted air from the storage tank 5, a compressor 6 to compress the polluted air, the receiver 7 for storing the polluted air connected by the pipeline to the compressor 6, the receiver 11 for storing the gas, connected to the cleaning unit 9. And the cleaning unit 9 is made in the form of a membrane filtration unit with a membrane cartridge, that provides separation of carbon dioxide, and purification of air, consisting of a porous polymer fibre with a gas separating layer. The storage tank of gas is made in the form of cylinders for further use as a preservative.

EFFECT: enhanced functionality, recycling of emissions of livestock building with their subsequent use in the conservation of feed.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the protection of the environment from harmful emissions from livestock buildings and the production of environmentally friendly preservatives, mainly carbon dioxide.

A device is known for utilizing carbon dioxide from livestock buildings (ed. St. USSR 1554842, А01К 1/00) by means of a tubular chamber, divided by a glass partition into two sections, one of which is located in the animal growing room and the other in the plant while the gas exchange apparatus is installed in the room for growing animals behind a glass partition, and the gas and gas supply pipes are located respectively in the lower part of the room for growing animals and a growing room. The germination and premises for raising animals are interconnected with the atmosphere through air holes with dampers, and the germination is oriented to the south. The gas exchange apparatus is made in the form of a cooling tower with a chlorella sump having a drainage device, while the casing of the cooling tower on the outside is equipped with heat exchange fins.

The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity due to the presence of a gas exchange apparatus and glass tubular chambers, as well as low reliability due to the large presence of glass parts.

There is a known system for utilizing emissions of harmful impurities (patent No. 2468569, A01G 7/02) in the air of livestock buildings, which feeds plants with carbon dioxide and nitrogen fertilizers by supplying air with a mixture of gases through pipelines from the livestock building to the aeration system of the soil layer of greenhouses. The air taken from the livestock building is sent through a piping system to the drainage system of sites for the preparation of substrates from tree bark and other organic materials between crop rotations, and during periods of active growth and development of plants, it is sent through the drainage network of greenhouses to an adsorption device, which is a layer of greenhouse soil with a height of 0.25 0.3 m.

The disadvantage of this system is the incomplete utilization of harmful impurities from livestock buildings that enter the environment through the drainage network of the greenhouse.

A device is known (patent No. 2419282, А01К 1/00) for cleaning air emissions from livestock complexes using plants, which contains containers for growing plants, an air pump, and a piping system for removing contaminated air. Pipelines for the removal of polluted air are installed under the ridge of the livestock complex, while the air pump outlet is connected through a heater to aeration drainage pipelines installed at a depth of 10 to 25 cm from the soil surface and located in the greenhouse. The invention provides biological purification of the air from ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide and the flow of oxygen-saturated air back into the livestock building.

The disadvantage of this method is the location of the air intakes, not providing complete removal of carbon dioxide from the livestock building, as well as leading to excessive heat loss in the winter.

Known installation for air sanitation (patent No. 2244561, MKI A61L 9/00, F24F 3/16), containing a fan, heater, nozzle irrigation chamber, pump and duct, while the nozzle irrigation chamber is made two-section with two pallets filled with water and loaded with adsorbents of aluminum sulfate Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ in one pan and quicklime CaO in another, separators, an air distributor, section switching valves are installed in the sections for separate air purification from ammonia and carbon dioxide, as well as filter filters protect the nozzles from dust, and the duct is made triangular in cross section.

The known installation does not allow the collection of carbon dioxide, which in the future can be used as a preservative.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a structure that collects emissions from a livestock building, purifies air and collects carbon dioxide, followed by its use in the preparation of canned food.

The technical result consists in expanding the functionality, the installation allows to increase the degree of purification of polluted air in the livestock building, to utilize carbon dioxide by collecting in cylinders for further use as a feed preservative.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the installation for the utilization of carbon dioxide in the livestock building, comprising a compressor for injecting gas, a cleaning unit, a piping system, a gas storage tank, according to the invention, includes air intakes installed in the lower part of the livestock building, a fan connected by a piping system to air intakes, storage tank for polluted air with a check valve to prevent the release of polluted air from the storage tank A compressor for compressing polluted air, a receiver for storing polluted air connected by a pipeline to a compressor, a receiver for storing gas connected to a cleaning unit, the cleaning unit being made in the form of a membrane filtration unit with a membrane cartridge providing carbon dioxide separation and air purification consisting of a porous polymer fiber with a gas separation layer, the gas storage tank is made in the form of cylinders for subsequent use as a preservative.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device. In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the operation of the device.

The device contains:

- air intakes 1 installed in the lower part of the livestock building;

- fan 3, connected by a piping system with air intakes 1;

- a storage tank for polluted air 5 with a check valve 4 to prevent the release of polluted air from the storage tank 5;

- compressor 6 for compressing polluted air;

- receiver 7, providing removal of condensate, connected by a pipeline to compressor 6;

- membrane filtration unit 9, connected by a pipe 8 to the ventilation system 2;

- receiver 11 with a valve for the accumulation of carbon dioxide, connected to block 9;

- a compressor 10 provided with a valve for injecting carbon dioxide into cylinders 12.

The membrane filtration unit 9 consists of a replaceable membrane cartridge and a housing. The membrane consists of a porous polymer fiber with a gas separation layer deposited on its outer surface. Porous fiber has a complex asymmetric structure, the density of the polymer increases as it approaches the outer surface of the fiber. The use of porous substrates with an asymmetric structure allows the separation of gases at high pressures (up to 6.5 MPa). The thickness of the gas separation layer of the fiber does not exceed 0.1 μm, which provides a high specific permeability of gases through the polymer membrane and provides a high degree of purification. The packing density of the fibers in the cartridge reaches 500-700 square meters of fiber per cubic meter of cartridge, which minimizes the size of the membrane unit 9.

The separation of the mixture using the membrane unit 9 occurs in stages due to the difference in partial pressures on the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow fiber membrane. Gases that “quickly” penetrate the polymer membrane enter the fibers and exit the membrane cartridge through one outlet pipe. Gases that “slowly” penetrate the membrane exit the membrane module through a second outlet pipe.

The device operates as follows.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the installation.

The polluted air from the livestock building is sucked into the unit through the air intakes 1 using a fan 3, which pumps the polluted air (air-gas mixture) into the storage tank 5. The check valve 4 prevents the air-gas mixture from leaving the tank 5. From the storage tank 5, the polluted air (gas-air mixture) compressor 6 through the receiver 7 is fed to the membrane filter 9. Using block 9, moisture is removed, carbon dioxide is removed and the polluted air is cleaned of ammonia, dust and other impurities. Carbon dioxide (75-80% degree of purification) after filtration is collected in the storage tank 11, and the purified air (gas-air mixture), consisting mainly of nitrogen with small impurities, is returned through the pipe 8 to the ventilation system 2. Water and dust are deposited in the membrane filter 9. From the storage tank 11, carbon dioxide is pumped through the compressor 10 into gas cylinders 12 for further use in the farm, for example, when harvesting haylage.

Thus, the present invention allows you to clean the polluted air in the livestock building and get a cheap environmentally friendly preservative for the preparation of feed, in particular haylage.

Claims (1)

Installation for utilization of carbon dioxide in a livestock building, comprising a compressor for injecting gas, a cleaning unit, a piping system, a gas storage tank, characterized in that it contains air intakes installed in the lower part of the livestock building, a fan connected by a piping system to the air intakes, an accumulation tank for polluted air with a non-return valve to prevent the release of polluted air from the storage tank, a compressor for compressing polluted air, a receiver for storing polluted air, connected by a pipeline to a compressor, a receiver for storing gas, connected to a cleaning unit, the cleaning unit being made in the form of a membrane filtration unit with a membrane cartridge, which provides carbon dioxide separation and air purification consisting of a porous polymer fiber with a gas separation layer, the gas storage tank is made in the form of cylinders for subsequent use as a preservative.

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