RU2562469C1 - Bench for testing and demonstrating of emergent escape from helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aircraft engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed test bench comprises load-bearing bed with thrust props and two cradles mounted on the props via thrust rollers. Cradles are rigidly connected by three lengthwise beams to make a turn frame. Two beams are arranged in horizontal plane for helicopter bottom structural elements to be rigidly secured thereto. Third top lateral lengthwise beam is provided with crosswise cantilever beams for helicopter top structural elements to be rigidly secured thereto. Helicopter fuselage is incorporated in test bench structural skeleton as a spatial element of turn frame that makes the bench moving part to turn therewith. Cradles feature arc length corresponding to helicopter turn about lengthwise axis through at least 120 degrees and with arc radius that allows the coverage of crosswise aerodynamic fuselage lines. Turn reversing electromechanical drive comprises chain drive interacting with one of cradles. Note here that test bench comprises extending horizontal platform. Besides, test bench includes a backup mechanical manual turn drive, brake engagement clutches, chain drive tensioning assemblies and mechanical brake.

EFFECT: testing of helicopter at notable displacement of fuselage.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to testing equipment, namely, stands for full-scale testing of an aircraft, and is intended for testing and demonstrating emergency escape from a helicopter, in particular during certification tests.

A known stand for full-scale testing of an aircraft (RU No. 2158908, G01M 19/00, 2000), comprising a base with a support stand and a device for hanging the test aircraft above the base using a lever pivotally mounted on a support stand, at the end of which with a bracket a frame is fixed, covering the aircraft along the perimeter in a horizontal plane, and a load is fixed at the other end. The aircraft is mounted on a stand on the frame with the possibility of swinging around the longitudinal axis and with the possibility of swinging in the frame around the horizontal axis perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the aircraft.

Due to limited functionality, the stand according to patent No. 2158908 is designed and can be used to conduct some field tests of the aircraft or to train crews.

Known designs of assembly stands (RU No. 2007345; RU No. 2022887 or RU No. 2158700 - B64F 5/00), in which, for the joint joining of parts of an object, for example parts of the fuselage of an aircraft, support nodes are used, including transverse relative to the longitudinal axis of the device (longitudinal guides frames) lodgements with paired support rollers and rollers for manipulating parts of an object during assembly or repair.

In the known installation for manipulating parts of an object during their mutual docking (RU 2158700, B64F 5/00, 2000 - the closest analogue in design) one of the support nodes contains two lodgements, one of which is made with the possibility of tight connection with part of the joined object , and the other is rigidly connected to the frame, while the lodgements are interconnected by support rollers and rollers. The surface of the first of the mentioned lodgements in contact with the rollers is in the form of a part of a circular cylinder with a generatrix in the form of an arc of a circle centered at the intersection of the junction plane of the parts of the object with its longitudinal axis.

The support nodes allow mutual movement of the parts of the object relative to all coordinate axes, but within very limited limits - in accordance with the function of joining the parts of the structure.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a stand for demonstrating emergency escape from the helicopter and testing emergency equipment of the helicopter associated with significant movements of the fuselage: a smooth turn or quick tipping - with a turn of up to 120 °.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the stand for testing and demonstrating the emergency exit of the helicopter, containing a power base with support legs and two lodgements, which are made in the form of an arc of a circle and mounted on the support posts through the support rollers, in accordance with the invention, the lodgements are rigidly connected by three longitudinal beams, two of which are intended for rigid fastening to them of the power elements of the bottom of the helicopter in the initial position, and the third, upper lateral longitudinal beam is equipped with transverse cantilevers and beams designed for rigid fastening to them of the power elements of the upper part of the helicopter, forming a rotary frame, and the lodgements are made with a circular arc length corresponding to the rotation of the helicopter relative to the longitudinal axis by an angle of at least 120 degrees: from the initial position to the side position, and the radius of the circular arc, providing coverage of the transverse aerodynamic contours of the fuselage, and the reversible electromechanical rotation drive includes a chain gear interacting with one of the lodges, while the stand is equipped with a horizontal sliding platform, the working surface of which is located at a height corresponding to the ground surface with the inverted emergency position of the fuselage and is made taking into account the safe exit of people from the accessible emergency exits of the fuselage at any angular position.

In addition, the stand is equipped with a duplicating mechanical manual rotary drive, actuator clutches, chain tension units, and a mechanical brake.

The test object includes a helicopter fuselage with passengers and pilots seats installed in it. The helicopter fuselage is included in the power circuit of the stand in the form of a spatial element of the rotary frame that makes up the movable part of the stand, and rotates with it. The helicopter from the bottom (in the horizontal plane) is rigidly fixed with its bottom (for example, power nodes of the floor) to two longitudinal beams resting on arched support elements - lodges. And the upper part of the helicopter is attached to two cantilever cross beams, for example, through the attachment points of the helicopter’s gear frame.

Transverse arcuate lodges can be installed with the possibility of moving along three longitudinal beams and fixing them in a position corresponding to the location of suitable power units of a particular test helicopter (if the condition of static equilibrium is met, i.e., without tipping moment) and provides a safe exit from all available emergency exits from the fuselage. The arc-shaped lodgements are made with a radius of a circular arc sufficient for the location inside, in the center of such a circle, of the aerodynamic contours (in cross section) of the fuselage of a particular helicopter. Such lodgements, in the form of an open circular arc, are made with a section of the circular arc section necessary for installing and mounting the helicopter in the space of the rotary part of the stand, and, finally, with a circular arc length sufficient to rotate the helicopter from its original position to the side position, then There is a rotation of about 120 degrees. The longitudinal axis of the helicopter mounted on the stand coincides (with a certain design tolerance) with the longitudinal axis passing through the center of the arcs of the circles of the arc-shaped lodgements. Supporting support rollers are the ways of rolling lodges and are the main support of the rotary frame of the stand. Thus, the device provides rotation of the fuselage, for example, on the right side from its original position (“on the chassis”) (zero degrees) to 120 degrees, which simulates the position of the helicopter on the ground on the side with the left landing gear intact. The rotation speed of the movable part of the stand can be adjusted (by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric rotation drive) from one degree per second to three degrees per second. The control of the fuselage rotation angle is controlled by marking (scale) made on one of the frame lodges.

An independent mechanical brake provides a blocking of spontaneous rotation of a fixed test object, for example, when the transmission circuit of the main, electromechanical drive is broken, as well as the possibility of locking the object in a predetermined position.

The presence of a retractable horizontal platform replacing the surface of the earth ensures both the reliability of the tests and the safety of people participating in the tests, leaving the test helicopter in emergency position from the exits in the fuselage.

Thus, the proposed stand allows you to simulate the different positions of the helicopter in an emergency and to test and demonstrate the emergency escape of the helicopter.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

FIG. 1 - power base;

FIG. 2 - power base with a rotary frame on the support pillars of the base, side view;

FIG. 3 - stand with installed sections of the platform and with a helicopter on the lodgements, view on the starboard side;

FIG. 4 is a front view along arrow A of FIG. 3, the helicopter in its original position;

FIG. 5 is a rear view along arrow B of FIG. 3, with the position of the helicopter on its side;

FIG. 6 - units of FIG. 2 electromechanical and manual drive turning the lodgment.

The stand for testing and demonstrating emergency escape from the helicopter contains (Fig. 1) a power base 1 with four support posts 2 connected by a rigid spatial structure of channels 3. A movable part of the stand (rotary frame) is installed on the power base 1 (Fig. 2, 3, 4), which includes lodgements 4 and 5 and longitudinal beams 6, 7 and 8 that are rigidly connected with them. The two lower longitudinal beams 6 and 7 are located (Fig. 3, 4) in a horizontal plane and are equipped with fixing units (not shown) designed for hard mounting power to them nodes of the bottom of the helicopter 9, for example, power frames. The third, upper longitudinal beam 8 is located on the side at the level of the ceiling line of the helicopter (Fig. 2, 4) and is equipped with two transverse cantilever beams 10 and 11, designed for rigid fastening to them of the standard power units of the upper part of the helicopter (for example, mounting units for the gear frame on fuselage).

The lodgements 4 and 5 are made arcuate, in the form of an arc of a circle, inside the center of which (Fig. 3, 4) the test helicopter 9 is installed and fixed. Each lodgement 4, 5 is mounted on a pair of support posts 2 through the support rollers 12 (Fig. 2, 4) for the possibility of rotation of the movable part of the stand, i.e. swing frame, together with the helicopter around the longitudinal axis of the helicopter.

The stand is equipped with a sliding platform 13 made of several sections simulating earth (Fig. 3, 5). The horizontal surfaces of the platform 13 are located relative to the test helicopter 9 at the height of the earth's surface with the fuselage inverted (emergency), and the surface areas of the platform 13 are designed to ensure the safe exit of people from all available emergency exits of the fuselage at any of its predetermined angular positions when demonstrating emergency evacuation .

The main electromechanical drive of the rotary part of the stand (Fig. 1, 6) is made with the possibility of reverse operation and smooth regulation of revolutions and includes a worm gear motor 14 made with a self-braking effect and an electromagnetic brake, and a chain transmission (Fig. 4) with a chain 15, interacting with one of the lodges, in the above example, with the front lodgment 4. The chain drive also includes a drive sprocket and spring chain tension units (not shown), which exclude sagging of the descending branch of the chain when turning the lodgement in any direction.

The stand is also equipped with a duplicating mechanical manual rotary drive 16, connected with the lodgement 4, and two couplings 17 (Fig. 6) for activating the drives. An independent mechanical brake 18 provides a blocking of spontaneous rotation of the fixed test object.

The stand works as follows.

To demonstrate the emergency evacuation of passengers, the helicopter 9 is mounted on the lodgements 4 and 5 of the rotary part of the stand in the initial position (“on the chassis”) and fixed with the bottom using fastening nodes to the two lower longitudinal beams 6 and 7 and the upper part to two transverse cantilever beams 10 and 11. The mechanical brake 18 is manually translated into a position that provides rotation of the movable part of the stand from the "on the chassis" (zero degrees) angle of up to 120 degrees.

The power supply of the stand is turned on through the wiring closet and a remote control panel (not shown), on which the necessary turn time is set. The smooth rotation of the helicopter fuselage from 0 ° to 120 ° can be adjusted in time from 40 seconds to 120 seconds, which is embedded in the technical characteristics of the electromechanical drive and meets various specified test conditions.

At the operator’s command, the engine of the gear motor 14 is started in the drive mode, for example, “Turn to the right” (Fig. 5), and the helicopter is rotated (in flight) to the right. The device provides a smooth rotation of the movable part of the stand from the initial position of the helicopter "on the chassis", respectively, zero degrees (Fig. 3 and 4), to the position on the side, that is, up to 120 degrees (Fig. 5).

The pivoting frame can be stopped by an operator who follows the turn in marking 19 on the outside of the lodgment 4 or 5, or automatically according to a signal from non-contact (not shown) shutdown sensors of the gear motor 14 mounted on the ends of the front lodgment 4 corresponding to the positions 0 ° to 120 ° marking angles. There is a possibility of an emergency stop of the drive by a signal from the operator panel.

The drive allows you to stop the rotary part of the stand at any selected position of the helicopter (degree of rotation), mechanically lock the rotary part in the selected position using an independent mechanical brake 18, and also to return the test object in the drive reverse mode to the initial position of the helicopter "on the chassis". The control of the angle of rotation of the fuselage of the helicopter 9 is controlled by the marking 19 shown on the front tool tray 4 (Fig. 4).

The operation of the stand is possible with the help of a duplicating mechanical manual drive 16 rotation, connected using the appropriate clutch 17 enable drives (Fig. 6).

Before demonstrating the emergency exit of the helicopter, a (sectional) horizontal platform 13 imitating the ground is installed next to it, which ensures the safe exit of people from the accessible emergency exits of the fuselage at a given angular position.

Claims (2)

1. A test bench for demonstrating and demonstrating emergency escape from a helicopter, comprising a power base with support legs and two lodgements that are made in the form of an arc of a circle and are mounted on support stands through support rollers, characterized in that the lodgements are rigidly connected by three longitudinal beams, two of which are intended for rigid fastening to them of the power elements of the bottom of the helicopter in the initial position, and the third, upper lateral longitudinal beam is equipped with transverse cantilever beams designed for hard crepe pouring power elements of the upper part of the helicopter to them, forming a rotary frame, and the lodgements are made with a circular arc length corresponding to the rotation of the helicopter relative to the longitudinal axis by an angle of at least 120 degrees: from the initial position to the side position, and with the radius of the circular arc providing coverage transverse aerodynamic contours of the fuselage, and the reversible electromechanical rotation drive includes a chain gear that interacts with one of the lodges, while the stand is equipped with a retractable horizontal support ohm, the working surface is disposed at a height corresponding to the ground when the inverted state of emergency and the fuselage is formed with a view to ensuring safe exit of people available to emergency exits fuselage at any of its angular position. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a duplicating mechanical manual rotary drive, clutch actuators, knots of chain tension of the chain drive and a mechanical brake.

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