RU130733U1 - AIRCRAFT PILOT SIMULATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A simulator of piloting aircraft, including: a cockpit containing a pilot's seat, motion controls, video device; pitch rotation frame; base with racks; pitch and axial rotation mechanisms, where the cabin is mounted inside the pitch rotation frame with the possibility of rotation around its longitudinal axis, and the frame itself is installed between the base posts by means of two bearing units, characterized in that the pitch rotation frame contains a fork connected to the cabin by means of a bearing unit, made on silent blocks, and a ring perpendicular to the plane of the plug, which covers the cabin; outside the cab, at least three rollers are arranged around the circumference, which are mounted with the possibility of rolling but to the ring; and bearing units of the base racks are made on silent blocks. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are rubberized and installed in pairs so that the axis of rotation for each pair lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane of the ring. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is mounted on vibration mounts that are carried outside the centers of gravity of the rotating parts. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the motion controls have the ability to move relative to the pilot's seat. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the video device is designed to form a three-dimensional image. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin further comprises devices for creating effects selected from the group: sound, light, air pressure, vibration, cooling

Description

This useful model relates to the field of educational and entertainment and training equipment, in particular, training simulators and attractions that simulate the piloting of aircraft.

Various devices (simulators) are known from the prior art that affect human senses similar to those experienced in real conditions (RU 51775, RU 76154, RU 111942, RU 2009107382). The more sensory organs are involved, the fuller the sensation of reality. Simulators that simulate driving, have feedback on the management, which provides a change in the nature and strength of the impact. Such devices can be used as educational equipment and as entertainment attractions.

For devices that simulate control of aircraft, there are several degrees of freedom of movement of the pilot's seat and their large amplitude (US 2011039235). Some simulators create the illusion of a predominantly horizontal flight (US2010028837, US2008034678, GB 2423032 GB 2449214). Hydraulic systems allow you to tilt the seat or cockpit at different angles in accordance with the position of the controls and the image on the monitor screen.

Other devices simulate free flight, including aerobatics. The kinematic diagram of such simulators provides a complete rotation of the cockpit around its axis, in at least two mutually perpendicular planes. Known simulator for training in piloting (utility model of the Russian Federation No. 114206), which is aimed at creating a sense of overload and movement in space, simulating all the nuances of the movement of technology. This is achieved by using a kinematic system with electromechanical drives, providing unlimited freedom of the simulator cabin roll, pitch, rotation around its axis.

The simulator for pilot training includes a simulator control cabin, located on the half shafts in the center of the frame metal trapezoid firmly fastened in diameter with the help of two half shafts installed in the bearing units. The nodes are located inside two hollow pipes rigidly fastened inside the movable ring (K) _{2 of the} vertical ring structure (VKS). Two mutually perpendicular horizontal and vertical load-bearing metal trusses that are fastened to the simulator platform are rigidly fixed to the structure (VKS) through four connecting nodes with guides on which the moving rollers and two hydraulic cylinders are installed, providing reciprocal movement of the simulator vertically. On the outer upper part of the structure (VKS), a mechanism for moving the cabin along the roll is fixed. On the outer side surface of the trapezoid, the cab rotation mechanism is rigidly fixed. On the inner surface of the lower base of the trapezoid, the mechanism for moving the cabin along the pitch is rigidly fixed.

The simulator for teaching piloting has eight degrees of freedom of movement, which allows you to make controlled unlimited movements of the cockpit: roll (to the right, left), pitch (up, down), rotate in both directions around its own axis, while doing so through hydraulic cylinders vertical translational movements. All these movements can be performed both separately and simultaneously, which allows you to simulate all the elements of aerobatics.

The simulator control system uses Wi-Fi wireless connection; for this, the simulator controls, a virtual helmet, or another computerized system designed for multimedia image output and signal input-output through the control system are located in the cockpit.

In the described utility model, all bearing units have a rigid connection, which on the one hand leads to increased noise of the simulator, and on the other hand, if the unit is destroyed due to metal fatigue, it can lead to increased injury hazard. Such wear of moving parts cannot be detected visually when inspecting the simulator. In addition, this simulator due to the large number of mechanical degrees of freedom is quite complicated, and its installation and transportation are laborious. Boarding and alighting the pilot is also relatively complex and time consuming.

This utility model is aimed at reducing the cost and simplifying the design of the aircraft control simulator, reducing its weight, reducing noise and increasing the safety of its operation. At the same time, the procedure for its use is facilitated, and age restrictions are reduced.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that silent blocks are used in all bearing units of the present utility model, and the kinematic design of the simulator itself has two mechanical degrees of freedom in pitch and roll.

Aircraft pilot simulator includes:

- a cockpit containing a pilot's seat, motion control, video device and axial rotation mechanism;

- pitch rotation frame with an annular channel;

- base with uprights and mechanism for pitch rotation of the frame.

The cockpit is installed inside the pitch rotation frame with the possibility of rotation around its longitudinal axis, and the frame itself is installed between the pillars of the base by means of a bearing assembly, which is made on silent blocks. The pitch rotation frame comprises a fork connected to the cab by means of a bearing assembly made on silent blocks, and a ring perpendicular to the plane of the plug, which encloses the cab. Outside the cabin, at least three rollers are arranged around the circumference, which are mounted for rolling along said ring.

The silent block is a rigid swivel in which a rubber or polyurethane insert is pressed between two metal bushings. The silent block function is to dampen or completely eliminate unwanted vibrations and vibrations. In addition, in the case of wear of the silent block, the beginning of its destruction can be determined visually, by protruding the insert, even before the onset of irreversible consequences. A distinctive feature of this design is the absence of cantilever-loaded elements, which, with similar strength characteristics, allows the use of thin-walled profile pipes of reduced cross section and cheaper materials and technologies in the manufacture of bearing assemblies.

The cab frame usually includes a central annular frame, which is installed inside the ring (annular channel) of the pitch rotation frame by means of three pairs of rubberized rollers placed after 120 degrees. This provides reliable support and, at the same time, “soft” axial rotation of the cab.

The base of the simulator is most often installed on vibration mounts that extend beyond the centers of gravity of the rotating elements, which ensures stable stability during axial and pitch rotation of the frame and the cabin. This technical solution completely eliminates the emergency in case of wear and tear of critical components and exceeding the permissible loads.

Simulator motion controls have the ability to move relative to the pilot's seat. The controls (joystick and pedals) are usually placed on a platform that can slide on a rail fixed to the cab floor, with the possibility of fixing in the required positions. On the one hand, this makes it easy to land and land the pilot on the simulator, and on the other hand, adjust the position of the controls for the growth of a particular person. Additionally, a dashboard with indicators made similar to real devices and reflecting virtual flight parameters can be installed in the simulator’s cabin.

A video device (monitor or virtual reality helmet), forms a stereo (three-dimensional) image for the user. To enhance the completeness of immersion, additional effects can be used: stereo sound, light, air pressure, vibration, cooling, heating, etc.

In addition, the simulator can be equipped with a video camera and / or other recording devices that capture the movement of the cockpit and the behavior of the pilot (a kind of “black box” analogue). When using the simulator as a training simulator, this will allow you to analyze the mistakes made and facilitate the learning process. If the simulator is used as an attraction, then such videos can be provided to users on electronic media in the form of souvenirs.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the following drawings:

The Figure 1 presents a General view of the simulator;

The Figure 2 presents a top view of the simulator;

Figure 3 is a front view of a simulator;

The Figure 4 presents the block motion control simulator.

A simulator of piloting aircraft, made in accordance with this utility model, includes a cockpit 1 of the pilot, a pitch 2 pitch rotation and a base with struts 3 (Figures 1, 2, 3).

The frame of the cabin 1 is formed by a longitudinal element 4 and an annular frame 5 perpendicular to it. A pilot seat 6 is attached to the longitudinal element 4, movement controls 7, monitor screen 8. The cabin is installed inside the pitch rotation frame 2, which in turn contains a fork 9 and is perpendicular to the plane forks, ring 10 (annular channel), covering the cabin outside the annular frame 5. Between the annular frame 5 and the ring 10 are arranged around a circle at an equal distance from each other six pairs of rubberized rollers 11, which are possible rolling resistance. An electric motor 12 with a gearbox allows the cab 1 to rotate around its longitudinal axis to any angle in either one or the other direction. The pitch rotation frame 2 is installed between the uprights of the base 3 by means of two bearing units 13 made on silent blocks. An electric motor 14 with a gearbox provides a rotation of the frame 2 in pitch. The base of the simulator is mounted on vibration mounts 15, which are located outside the centers of gravity of the rotating elements.

Cockpit 1 of the pilot can be additionally equipped with devices showing virtual flight parameters, a video camera, devices for special effects, simulators of control of the armament complex of combat aircraft and helicopters, etc. (not shown in the Figures). The movement controls 7 include the joystick 16 and pedals 17. The position of the joystick 16 sets the angle of rotation in pitch and roll, as well as the yaw angle by shifting the image on the monitor 8. The position of the pedals 17 determines the speed and acceleration of the virtual aircraft (the speed of changing the image on the screen ) The controls 7 are mounted to move relative to the pilot seat and each other (Figure 4). The joystick installation unit 18 is able to slide along the platform 19 attached to the longitudinal element 4. The desired position is fixed using the rod 20. The pedal installation unit 21 can slide along the joystick installation unit and, in turn, is fixed by the rod 22. Thus, the position of the organs The control is regulated by the height and length of the pilot’s legs.

Initially, the control unit block is shifted to the extreme position (in the drawing, FIG. 4 is indicated by a thin line), which provides the simulator user with convenience when landing in the cockpit. Then the position of the joystick and pedals is individually adjusted for each. A special seat 6 provides a comfortable position for the pilot’s body and its safety during all rotations of the cockpit. The simulator is turned on and controlled from the cab.

Implementation Example:

Based on the described utility model, an airplane pilot simulator was created:

Overall dimensions of the simulator, mm - 2135 × 3090 × 1860; Weight of the simulator, kg - 320;

The angle of rotation of the cockpit in pitch, degrees - without restrictions;

Roll angle, degrees - without restrictions;

Pitch turning speed, m / s - not less than 3; Roll speed, m / s - not less than 3; Estimated pilot height, mm - from 1400 to 2300 Estimated weight of the pilot, kg - no more than 150.

This utility model is not limited to the given example only and includes all possible cases of the implementation of a real simulator of piloting aircraft.

Claims (7)

1. A simulator of piloting aircraft, including: a cockpit containing a pilot's seat, motion controls, video device; pitch rotation frame; base with racks; pitch and axial rotation mechanisms, where the cabin is mounted inside the pitch rotation frame with the possibility of rotation around its longitudinal axis, and the frame itself is installed between the base posts by means of two bearing units, characterized in that the pitch rotation frame contains a fork connected to the cabin by means of a bearing unit, made on silent blocks, and a ring perpendicular to the plane of the plug, which covers the cabin; outside the cab, at least three rollers are arranged around the circumference, which are mounted with the possibility of rolling but to the ring; and bearing units of the base racks are made on silent blocks. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rollers are rubberized and are installed in pairs so that the axis of rotation for each pair lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane of the ring. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is mounted on vibration mounts that are carried outside the centers of gravity of the rotating parts. 4. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the motion controls have the ability to move relative to the pilot's seat. 5. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the video device is designed to form a three-dimensional image. 6. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin further comprises devices for creating effects selected from the group: sound, light, air pressure, vibration, cooling and / or heating. 7. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a video camera installed with the ability to shoot the simulator cabin during its movement.

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