RU2561051C1 - Preparation for animal exoparasite control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science and is applicable for animal exoparasite control. A preparation contains active substances and water; the active substances are pumpkin seed oil and a non-ionic surfactant in the following mixture ratio, wt %: pumpkin seed oil 55-65, non-ionic surfactant 25-35, water - the rest.

EFFECT: using the invention enables removing suck grass ticks parasitic upon free-range cattle in the spring-fall period by absorbing on the parasite cover when spotted, achieving faster recovery by activating metabolic processes in injured tissues.

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to means for treating animals, and can be used to remove sucked pasture mites parasitizing on cattle in the spring-autumn period when open-keeping.

Cattle babesiosis or pyroplasmosis is an acute disease of cattle. Cattle are transmissible with pyroplasmosis with grazing in the low and foothill zones. Anaplasmosis is a transmissible blood-parasitic disease of cattle and small cattle, characterized by inhibition of the general condition, anemia and exhaustion of the animal.

Bringing these diseases pasture ixodid ticks. Prevention in pyroplasmosis of cattle should be aimed at the destruction of vector ticks on animals and, if possible, in the external environment, the prevention of their attack on cattle and the prevention of animal diseases. The most effective method is bathing animals in bathtubs and other closed containers. Cattle are often bathed in bathtubs filled with arsenic anhydride solution. In second place in terms of efficiency and the veterinary-sanitary regime, shower chambers with automatic spraying can be considered (chlorophos solutions and a suspension of sevine, which are currently prohibited for use). Manual spraying of livestock with these preparations, using mechanized plants in livestock housing, ranks third in the quality of treatments. The least anti-mite efficiency is spraying animals from hand-held sprayers, watering cans and wiping.

Most of the drugs used against ticks require special equipment, have a fairly short protective effect, many of them are forbidden to be used in dairy animals, since the remnants of the drugs are excreted in milk, and the utilization of milk from processed animals, as well as frequent processing (often once 10-14 days), not economically viable. This leads to additional labor costs and an increase in the consumption of the drug with multiple treatments in order to achieve a positive effect. Preparations that can be used against ixodid ticks should have high acaricidal activity, a duration of protective effect and as little as possible residues of the active substance or its metabolites in milk, organs and tissues of animals, and also not require complex processing equipment.

Known methods and means for treating animals are expensive, their use is associated with the repetition of a course of treatment, but even repeated treatments do not always provide a relapse-free treatment.

The closest in technical essence is a preparation for combating animal exoparasites, containing active substances and water, moreover, liquid insecticidal soap from rapeseed oil and Artemia sp. Hydrolyzate are used as active substances. in the following ratio of components, wt.%: liquid insecticidal soap 0.15-0.45; hydrolyzate Artemia sp. 0.15-0.45; water - the rest (see RF patent No. 2426534, IPC A01N 43/00, published on 08/20/2011).

The disadvantage of this drug is the need to develop components: hydrolyzate Artemia sp. and insecticidal soap, as well as the unstable composition of the final product, its wide spectrum of action against certain diseases. The working solution of the drug due to the liquid consistency does not allow it to be used for spot application on the surface of the animal, but is used for external treatment of livestock by spraying. Storage of the drug in the form of a solution without loss of quality is possible for no more than 24 hours.

The drug is effective at a concentration of 4% and 40 g of the drug is required to prepare the minimum volume of the working solution (1 l), which increases its consumption rate.

The drug is based on Artemia sp. and liquid insecticidal soap causes the death of ticks, but does not help to reduce hyperemia and sclerotization due to the liquid consistency, which does not allow it to persist for a long time on the surface of the skin.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the activity of the drug due to its absorption on the integument of the parasite during spot application, increasing its stability, reducing treatment time, reducing labor costs in its production, as well as reducing the cost of the drug and its consumption rate due to the spot application of the ointment.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the preparation for controlling animal exoparasites containing active substances and water, according to the invention, pumpkin oil and nonionic surfactant are used as active substance in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Pumpkin oil - 55-65; nonionic surfactant - 25-35; water is the rest.

The receipt of the proposed drug and its use is illustrated by the example of a specific implementation.

40 g of nonionic surfactant, 80 g of pumpkin oil and 10 ml of water are placed in the capacity of a tissue grinder RT-1 equipped with a propeller stirrer. Then turn on the stirrer and the mixture is stirred for 10-12 minutes. Get the claimed drug in the form of ointment light yellow. Treatment using the obtained ointment is as follows.

The tests were carried out on cattle in the Blagoveshchensk district of the Altai Territory. Before treatment, cattle were examined for sucking ixodid ticks in all places of localization: the udder of dairy cows and heifers, the entire surface of the body, and head.

In the experiment, 30 cows were taken with sucking ixodid ticks of the genera Ixodes, Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis, and the cows were divided into three groups of 10 cows. As a control, 10 heads without sucking ixodid ticks and 10 heads with sucking ixodid ticks without treatment were used as control.

The inventive preparation in the form of ointment can be stored without loss of quality in an industrial refrigeration unit for 5 years.

The inventive preparation can be stored on the body of the animal in the place of spot application for a rather long time (up to 48 hours), while the prototype is 2-3 hours or less (depending on weather conditions).

The inventive preparation meets the requirements for insecticaricidal agents regarding the absorption properties on the skin of parasites. Due to the ointment-like consistency and the properties of the ingredients included in it (pumpkin oil), the drug provides blockage of the spiracles of ixodid ticks and the penetration of non-inogenic surfactants into the trachea and tracheola of the parasite. This leads to asphyxiation of ectoparasite, which provokes its descent from the animal and subsequent death.

The consumption of the solution of the prototype drug for processing one sucking tick is 4.5 g, while the claimed preparation in the form of an ointment in the amount of 200 mg when applied to one tick is able to cause the tick to leave the point of attachment. Thus, the consumption rate of the claimed drug is 22.5 times lower than that of the prototype.

The studies were carried out according to the “Guidelines for the initial selection of new acaricides and a comparative study of their activity against sarcoptoid ticks."

Prior to treatment, sucking ixodid ticks at various stages of nutrition were observed in animals in the studied sites. The epithelium around the ear suction sites was hyperemic and had sclerotized tissue.

The inventive preparation in the form of an ointment was applied once on sucking ixodid ticks by the point method at a rate of 200 mg per 1 specimen. The effectiveness of the treatments for the presence and condition of ticks was determined by examining the animals after 6 hours during the evening milking of cows and heifers in the common pen.

Experimental studies have shown that treatment with the inventive preparation gives a 100% healing effect, since 6 hours after treatment no sucking ticks were found on the animals, and 24 hours later, at the places of their suction, hyperemia decreased or disappeared, and sclerotized sections of the epithelium resorbed. Side effects in animals were not observed.

Within 30 days (study period) side effects indicating a negative effect of the proposed drug on the animal organism were not observed. A blood test of experimental animals showed no changes in its composition. Moreover, when treating experimental animals with the proposed drug, wounds that remain after ticks are sucked up more quickly, since pumpkin oil, which is part of the proposed drug, has an active effect on metabolic processes in animal tissues, activating their regeneration. The proposed preparation used a complex of substances that is part of pumpkin oil and has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anti-allergic and wound healing properties (vitamins A, E, B vitamins, phytosterols, flavonoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chlorophyll).

The preparation used the properties of pumpkin oil, which was previously used in folk medicine and the complex treatment of various diseases and traumatic skin lesions (acne, seborrhea, hyperkeratosis, diathesis, urticaria, dermatomycosis, eczema, herpes, psoriasis, burns, cuts, pressure sores, trophic ulcers and other). Faster healing of the wound occurs, since the drug creates a moist environment most favorable for wounds, and prevents the formation of a scab, removes exudate without dehydrating the wound, and prevents infection.

Technological studies did not show the difference between the obtained products in the form of milk from dairy cows that were treated with the proposed preparation, from products from the control group of cows. In the control group of cows and heifers without treatment with sucking ticks, ticks remained at the suction site. In the control group of cows and heifers without marked sucking ticks and without treatment, changes in the state of cows and heifers were not noted.

The composition that differs in composition from the proposed values of the ratio of the components does not cause recovery in the test groups.

Processing of animals through the inventive preparation provides a faster recovery due to the activation of metabolic processes in damaged tissues associated with the content of pumpkin oil in the preparation. In all tests of the claimed drug in animals, positive results were obtained with one hundred percent recovery.

The proposed drug is obtained from the available components, which are purchased ready-made, thereby greatly simplifying the technology of production of the drug, which reduces labor and money.

The proposed drug can significantly reduce treatment time. When treating with the proposed drug, there is no need to re-treat the animals. The proposed drug is non-toxic, does not pollute the environment, and its use also improves the sanitary quality of livestock products. Slaughter of animals treated with the drug is not limited in time and the quality of animal products after treatment does not decrease.

The drug can be used to remove sucked pasture ticks of the genera Ixodes, Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis, parasitizing on cattle.

Claims (1)

A preparation for controlling animal exoparasites containing active substances and water, characterized in that pumpkin oil and nonionic surfactants are used as active substances in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
pumpkin seed oil 55-65 nonionic surfactant 25-35 water rest