RU2558880C2 - Method of unadjusting mounting of modular wall panels of frame building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to the method of unadjusting mounting of the wall panels of the frame building. Mounting method is that, at first, the corner bases of brackets with holes in the shelf of part are attached at the corners of the frame building on the overlapping under three adjusting screws for mounting the load-bearing brackets, using theodolite and zenith unit. Then, the ordinary bases of brackets are installed by means of two levelling instruments, square and axial steel wire. Further, the wall panels are hanged on the finally installed and rigidly fixed bases of brackets, using the load-bearing brackets. Load-bearing brackets of two adjacent wall panels are fixed with screws inter se with the base of the bracket by fixing the panel. At that, the wall panels have not been adjusted. All other wall panels are hanged in such a manner.

EFFECT: increase of the speed of the building mounting.

7 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to a method of mounting wall panels of a building made of porcelain stoneware or cladding glass with hidden fasteners, hung in the construction of buildings using metal brackets, can be used in the construction of new buildings, as well as the reconstruction of previously operated structures.

A known method of dimensionless installation of ventilated facades [RF patent No. 221102. The method of dimensionless installation of ventilated facades and a device for its implementation and the method and conductor for assembling and supplying multilayer thermal insulation to a wall enclosure. Published on November 27, 2004, E04F 13/08, E04B 1/76, E04Q 21/26], an analogue that includes pre-assembly on the construction site of modules with a height not exceeding the floor height, having bearing brackets with mounting supports to the wall enclosure that are out of the contours modules and performing the function of conductors, these are: modules of external and internal corners with insulation inside them, window modules with three degrees of freedom, performing the function of supporting half-timbers and frames of the facing of window slopes, assembly of sets of multi-row horizontal profiles.

The disadvantage of this method is the fastening of the supporting frames and frames of the facing of the window slopes on the existing wall enclosure, which cannot be used for the installation of ventilated facades of frame buildings.

A known method of mounting hinged facades [RF patent No. 2416009. Hinged facade systems and installation methods. Published April 10, 2011, E04B 2/00, E04F 13/08], analogue. The system of hinged facades includes vertical guides, bearing and supporting brackets, extension cords, clamps, slides, cassettes, thermal bridges, anchors, dowels and insulation. The method of mounting facades using this system, which includes marking the facade, installing beacons using geodetic instruments, level and plumb beneath composite panels, consists in first drilling holes for anchor dowels for fastening the supporting brackets, and securing the insulation in a checkerboard pattern in the form heat-insulating plates to the wall with plate-shaped dowels, vertical guides from the T-profile with vertical thermal gap between them are attached to the brackets, then inserted into the assembled slide with a fixed riveting it, and hang the assembled cassette into the eyes on the slide.

The disadvantage of this method is the high structural complexity of the system for mounting a composite panel.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a method of mounting ventilated facades [patent No. 2448223. Wall heat-insulating panel with a factory-ready ventilated facade "Roslav" and a support bracket for its installation. Published on April 20, 2012, E04F 13/07], a prototype that includes pre-fabrication of a sandwich wall panel in conjunction with a ventilated facade at the factory, installation of support brackets equipped with two adjustment sliders from the floor plane at the edge of the floor slabs of the frame building under construction providing the ability to adjust the size of the bracket in the horizontal and vertical direction, on horizontal sliders fix the profile forming the desired plane of the facade, ver ikalnye sliders form a support plane for wall sandwich panels of full factory readiness.

The disadvantage of this method is the quality of the alignment of wall panels and small-panel installation, requiring high costs at the construction site.

The objective of the invention is the possibility of applying the method of non-alignment mounting of wall panels in frame-type buildings, facilitating installation by reducing installation time, improving the reliability and accuracy of fixing wall panels, by preliminary alignment and installation in the design position and fixing the bases of the wall panel brackets without subsequent alignment the panel itself.

The technical result of the claimed invention allows to increase the speed of installation of the outer wall panels of the frame building, to improve the quality of the erection of wall panels, to obtain a composite bracket for attaching the wall panel having increased rigidity and load-bearing capacity, ensuring reliable fastening of the wall panel to the building frame, the stability of its position relative to the building frame , as well as greater freedom to adjust the position of the wall panel relative to the frame of the building.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows the node mounting the wall panel to the ceiling.

Figure 2 shows the process of alignment of the angular bases of the arms of the laser devices.

Figure 3 shows the transfer of the design position of the ordinary brackets on the floor.

Figure 4 shows a laser rangefinder Leica DISTO D5 for transmitting marks from the source to the mounting horizon.

Figure 5 shows the angular base of the bracket with a palette of transparent plexiglass, with two levels, with a vertical pin and a magnetic part, mounted on laser devices.

Figure 6 shows the ordinary base of the bracket with two levels, with a U-shaped magnetic part and a zigzag elbow mounted on an axial steel wire.

The method is as follows.

The method of mounting wall panels, providing for the marking of the facade, the bases of the bracket for attaching the wall panel to the building frame using geodetic instruments, levels and plumb lines with subsequent fastening, is first that the corner bases of the brackets 9 are attached at the corners of the building to overlap (Fig. 3 ) with holes in the part’s shelf for three adjustment screws using theodolite 4 (FIG. 2) and range finder 6. Next, the ordinary bases of the brackets 14 (FIG. 3) are installed using two levels, a square and an axial steel wire ki 15. After installing the angular and ordinary bases of the brackets, wall panels are hung on them with the help of brackets 4 (Figure 1).

The wall panels are fastened using a composite bracket consisting of several parts: a lock 1 (Fig. 1), a mounting loop 2, the base of the bracket 3 and a supporting bracket 4. The mounting loop 2 of the lower panel is fixed on its upper part, it fits into the lock 1 located on the bottom of the top panel. The base of the bracket 3 and the bearing bracket 4 are interconnected by means of fasteners. The brackets are interconnected to move relative to each other to adjust the position of the wall panel relative to the building frame. The base of the bracket 3 is made of a corner profile, on the shelf 7 of which there are holes for three adjustment screws to bring the shelf to a horizontal position, after the part is rigidly fixed to the ceiling, the screws are removed. And on the rack 8, three support studs are cut in, each 6 cm long, on which the supporting bracket 4 is hung. On the shelf 7 of the bracket 3, stiffeners 9 are made, which turn into stiffeners of the rack 8.

The reconciliation process is as follows. We build the auxiliary axis 1 (Figure 2) parallel to the main axis 2 at a distance b and parallel to the contour of the building 3 at a distance a (at least 50 cm). On the main axes 2 points of geodetic networks are fixed with a permanent mark 5 with their fence.

Install a laser rangefinder zenith device (DZP) 6 on the leader of the main axis 2 at the base of the building, center it by installing a tripod above the starting point 7, on a horizontal platform, the center of the tripod is aligned vertically above the starting point 7. The device DZP 1 (Figure 4) is installed to the design position: turn any two lifting screws 2, bring the bubbles of two mutually perpendicular levels 3 to a zero point, thereby the stand 4 is horizontal, attach two plumb bob 5 to the stand 4, using plummet 5 check the verticality of stand 4, the edges to False parallel to plumb lines 5.

Theodolite 4 (Figure 2) is installed exactly in the alignment of the main axis 2 above the mark of the permanent sign 5, the axis of the pipe of theodolite 4 is directed at the risk applied to the basement of the building. In the alignment of the same axis on the installation horizon - the overlapping of the upper floor along a plumb line above the DZP 7, a palette 8 is fixed, made of transparent plexiglass with a hole and a bisector in a metal frame, at a distance of at least 50 cm from the outer edge of the ceiling. The oriented tube of theodolite 4 with a fixed horizontal circle is rotated in a vertical plane until the target reaches the field of view of the pipe. After that, the pipe is fixed in a vertical plane and a target is introduced into a given target, which fixes the position of the center axis on the ceiling. Similar operations are performed with a different circle of theodolite 4. The distance between the two risks obtained at two positions of the vertical circle of the theodolite is halved, and the average risk obtained is taken as the sought axis position on the floor. Similar operations are performed by another theodolite 4.

Using the obtained average risk on the floor, drawn with a pencil, manually set the corner embedded part - the corner base of the bracket 9 (hereinafter referred to as UOK) with three adjusting screws on the embedded part in the overlap. A magnetic volumetric part 10 is placed on top of the UOC 9, and a pallet 8 is laid on top of it. The included DZP 6 device (Figure 2) generates a red laser beam 11 directed at the bisector of the palette 8. The axis of theodolite 4 is also directed to this bisector. The coincidence of the marks in the bisector of the remote sensing devices and two theodolites means the correct installation of the UOC 8 relative to the overlap. At this time, at UOK 9, we rotate three adjustment screws until the shelf of part 9 is horizontal. Two mutually perpendicular levels 12 are placed on the pallet 8 (Figure 5), the given bubbles at the zero point will confirm the horizontal position of the UOK 9. The magnetic volumetric part is designed to lay a palette on top of it and to verify the verticality of the part's wall 9. Next, direct the theodolite 4 pipe from below the upper corner of the UOK 9 part of the last floor to the pin 13 parallel to the vertical face of the UOK 9. We adjust the adjustment screws until we make sure in the bisector of theodolite 4 that the vertical pin 13 with the UOK 9 face are parallel flax. We get a plane passing through theodolite 4, range finder 6, and the UOK part 9 of the upper floor. The resulting plane will be perpendicular to the plane passing through the horizontal axis of the crossbar and the floor panel. Now when UOK 9 is in the design position, then it is welded to the embedded part in the overlap. To do this, with the help of four connecting metal plates, they attach the UOK 9 to the embedded part, two on each long side of the base. They are connected by manual arc welding with electrodes of types E42 and E46 or semi-automatic welding with an open arc doped wire. Finally, the adjustment screws and pallet 8 are removed from the UOK 9.

To install intermediate intermediate bases of the brackets 14 (FIG. 3) (hereinafter ROCK), a deflection steel wire 15 (FIG. 3) is drawn with a diameter of 0.5 mm between the outermost ones on the UOC 9 floor through their upper corners. From the CRF 9 along the axial wire, a ROC 14 is installed at a predetermined distance, two levels 12 with a magnetic part 16 (Fig. 6) and a zigzag elbow 17 with stiffeners are applied to each part 14. Two levels 12 and a magnetic part check the horizontal position of the ROCK 14, and use a square 17 to check the perpendicularity of the upper face of the part 14 to the steel axial wire 15. Thus, all the ordinary bases of the brackets on the floor are set in the design position. Welding of ordinary parts 14 to embedded parts in the overlap is carried out, as for corner parts 9.

We carry out all previously made operations with the rest of the ordinary bases of the bracket on this floor. With the help of laser devices, they transmit all the other marks of the installation sites of the bases of the brackets in height to the remaining floors.

Further, on the finally installed and rigidly fixed bases of the brackets, wall panels are hung using the supporting brackets. The bearing brackets of two adjacent wall panels are bonded together with the base of the bracket, fixing the panel. However, the wall panels themselves are not verified. Thus, all other wall panels are hung.

The use of the claimed invention can significantly increase the speed of installation of external wall panels of a frame building, reduce the time and complexity of installation, save machine and manual labor, increase the reliability of fixing wall panels, provide greater freedom to adjust the position of the wall panel relative to the frame, reduce the cost of construction by eliminating the need for use scaffolding and hanging platforms for the installation of wall panels.

Claims (7)

1. A method of non-alignment mounting of modular wall panels of a frame building, including pre-fabrication of a wall panel in conjunction with a ventilated facade at the factory, installation of support brackets from the floor plane at the edge of the floor slabs of the building under construction, characterized in that the corner and wall fasteners are rigidly fixed ordinary bases of brackets, verified in plan and height, on which wall panels are installed without subsequent alignment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the brackets are made with holes for three adjustment screws to bring the part into the design position. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment and rigid fastening of the bases of the brackets to the embedded parts of the overlap is carried out by snapping and welding. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the previously verified bases of the brackets install wall panels using the supporting brackets. The base of the brackets and the supporting brackets of two adjacent wall panels are blown together, fixing the panels, while the wall panels themselves are not verified. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the angular bases of the brackets are verified and transmit elevations using laser devices of the theodolite and range finder, a palette, two levels and a magnetic part, and the ordinary bases of the brackets are verified using two levels on a metal wire, stretched between two angular bases of the brackets, the magnetic part and the zigzag elbow with stiffeners. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows to obtain a composite bracket for attaching a wall panel having increased rigidity and load-bearing capacity, ensuring reliable fastening of the wall panel, the stability of its position relative to the frame of the building, as well as greater freedom to adjust the position of the wall panel relative to the frame. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation of wall panels of a larger size is carried out, which reduces labor costs.

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