RU2557832C1 - Liquid cooling system of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: liquid cooling system of internal combustion engine of closed type includes centrifugal pump (1) with input cavity (12) for the impeller, radiator (2), thermostat box (3) with thermostats, oil cooler (6), internal combustion engine block comprising right (5) and left (4) rows of cylinders. Casing of liquid channels is made as solid product, at its one side a thermostat box (3) is installed, and at another side a centrifugal pump (1) is installed. The thermostat box (3) has holes (13), (14) for cooling liquid supply from block of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, and hole (15) for the cooling liquid supply from oil cooler (6), besides there are holes (17), (18) for cooling liquid output in the radiator (2). The thermostat box (3) is connected directly with output headers of the cooling liquid of the engine cylinders block and removal channel of the oil cooler (6). Centrifugal pump (1) has two supply channels (channel (10) - from radiator to centrifugal pump (1) and channel (11) - from thermostat box (3) to centrifugal pump (1), made inside the casing of liquid channels) and three spiral removal channels, two channels (8), (9) supply the liquid to the engine cylinders block, and channel (7) - to oil cooler (6). Spiral removal channels (7), (8), (9) are located in one plane, at same angle between each other, and have equal output cross-sections. Channels (8) and (9) are connected with cavities of the right (5) and left (4) rows of cylinders of the engine block, and channel (7) - to supply channel of the oil cooler (6).EFFECT: increased efficiency, economy, reliability, uniform cooling of the engine.3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to cooling systems for internal combustion engines.

A known cooling system of an internal combustion engine (RF patent No. 2160372, IPC F01P 3/20, IPC F01P 11/08, published 10.12.2000), comprising a cylinder block, a water pump, an oil cooler, a radiator with input and output lines, a two-position thermostat, connecting channels. An oil cooler is installed in the system between the centrifugal pump and the water distribution channel in the cylinder block, and the water distribution channel is connected by a pipe to the bypass pipe. The invention improves the efficiency of the cooling system of an internal combustion engine, provides guaranteed cavitation support in the cooling jacket of the cylinder block and the high efficiency of the liquid oil cooler with its limited dimensions. This arrangement of the oil cooler makes it have certain dependent dimensions in order to let the coolant flow through it to cool the cylinder block. The durability of the oil cooler is reduced due to the large created pressure necessary for pumping coolant in the engine block. Thermostats and a water pump are not installed in the same housing, which increases the number of connecting parts and thereby overall dimensions.

A well-known internal combustion engine cooling system (Operation manual for KamAZ engines of ecological classes Euro-2 and Euro-3. KamAZ engines 740.35-400, 740.37-400, 740.38-360, 740.60-360, 740.61-320, 740.62-280, 740.63- 400, 740.65-240. The engine cooling system http://www.remkam.ru/red60-4), which is close to the claimed model and adopted as a prototype, designed to ensure optimal thermal operation of the engine. The engine cooling system is liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of the coolant. The main units and components of the cooling system include: a radiator, an oil cooler, a body of water channels, including a centrifugal pump and a thermostatic box with thermostats, connecting channels for the passage of coolant. The thermal mode of the engine is automatically regulated by two thermostats. At liquid temperatures up to 80 ° C, thermostats are in a closed state and all liquid immediately enters the centrifugal pump. If the temperature of the liquid is in the range of 80 to 90-95 ° C, the thermostats are half open and the liquid enters the centrifugal pump directly and through a radiator. At a temperature of 90-95 ° C, the coolant enters the centrifugal pump only through a radiator. During engine operation, the circulation of the coolant in the system is created by a centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump has a spiral outlet that feeds liquid into the channel. The channel has three openings for distributing the flow of fluid into the block of the internal combustion engine and oil cooler. One part of the liquid is pumped into the cooling cavity of the right and left row of cylinders, and the second into the oil cooler. From the oil cooler, the liquid is directed to the zone of the right row of cylinders. All the liquid exits the cylinder blocks of the internal combustion engine and enters through the channels into the zone of thermostats.

This engine cooling system does not provide a uniform flow of coolant in the cavity of the right and left row of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, since the part of the liquid that enters the oil cooler is sent to the zone of the right row of cylinders, thereby redistributing the flow rate and pressure and creating a difference between two parts of the cylinder block.

The technical result to which the proposed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency, economy and reliability of the internal combustion engine by reducing hydraulic losses in the cooling system, ensuring uniform pressure and flow rates and independence of the cylinder block from the oil cooler.

The technical result is achieved in that in a liquid cooling system of an internal combustion engine, including a centrifugal pump and a thermostatic box with thermostats, located in a solid housing, communicated between each other by a channel supplying coolant directly from the thermostat box to a centrifugal pump, and a channel supplying coolant from the thermostat box to the centrifugal pump through the radiator, oil cooler, cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, consisting of the right and left the rows of cylinders, connecting channels for the passage of coolant, it is new that the thermostatic box has openings for supplying coolant from the engine block and an opening for supplying coolant from the oil cooler, and is connected directly to the exhaust manifolds of the cooling liquid of the engine block and the exhaust channel of the oil cooler , the centrifugal pump has outlet channels for connection to the engine block and the oil cooler, connected directly to the cavity m of the right and left row of cylinders of the cylinder block and to the inlet channel of the oil cooler.

The centrifugal pump has at least three spiral discharge channels located in the same plane, at the same angle between them and having equal output sections.

The figure 1 presents a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling system of an internal combustion engine.

The figure 2 presents a General rear view of the housing of the liquid channels of the internal combustion engine.

The figure 3 presents a General front view of the housing of the liquid channels of the internal combustion engine.

The figure 4 presents a characteristic section of the housing of a centrifugal pump with three spiral outlet channels, and the outlet channels are cut to the point of constant similarity.

Here: 1 - centrifugal pump; 2 - a radiator; 3 - thermostat box; 4 - the left row of cylinders of the cylinder block; 5 - the right row of cylinders of the cylinder block; 6 - oil cooler; 7 - spiral outlet channel for supplying coolant to the oil cooler; 8 - spiral exhaust channel for supplying coolant to the right row of cylinders of the cylinder block; 9 - a spiral outlet channel for supplying coolant to the left row of cylinders of the cylinder block; 10, 11 - supply channels to the centrifugal pump; 12 - input cavity of the impeller of a centrifugal pump; 13, 14 - holes for supplying fluid from an internal combustion engine block to a thermostatic box; 15 - hole for supplying fluid from the oil cooler to the thermostatic box; 16 - a scroll of a centrifugal pump housing; 17, 18 - openings for the exit of fluid from the thermostat box.

The liquid cooling system of a closed-type internal combustion engine with forced circulation of coolant includes a centrifugal pump 1 with an inlet cavity 12 for the impeller, a radiator 2, a thermostatic box 3 with thermostats, an oil cooler 6, an engine block consisting of a right 5 and left 4 row of cylinders and connecting channels for the passage of coolant. The housing of the liquid channels is made as a solid product, on which one thermostatic box 3 is located, and on the other a centrifugal pump 1. The thermostatic box has openings 13, 14 for supplying coolant from the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine and an opening 15 for supplying coolant from oil cooler 6, there are also openings 17, 18 for the exit of the coolant to the radiator 2. Thermostat box 3 is connected directly to the exhaust manifolds of the coolant of the engine cylinder block and the oil cooler outlet channel 6. The centrifugal pump 1 has two inlet channels (channel 10 from the radiator to the centrifugal pump 1 and channel 11 from the thermostat box 3 to the centrifugal pump 1 made inside the body of the liquid channels) and three spiral outlet channels, two of of which 8, 9 direct coolant to the engine block of the engine, and channel 7 - to the oil cooler 6. The spiral discharge channels 7, 8, 9 are located in the same plane, at the same angle with each other and have equal output sections, with channels 8 and 9 connect s right directly to the cavities 5 and 4 of the left cylinder bank of the engine block, and a supply channel 7 to the channel 6 cooler.

The liquid cooling system of the internal combustion engine operates as follows.

The thermal regime of the engine is automatically regulated by two thermostats located in thermostat box 3. At liquid temperatures up to 80 ° C, the thermostats are closed and the coolant enters the centrifugal pump 1 only through the inlet channel 11. If the liquid temperature is in the range from 80 to 90 -95 ° C, the thermostats are half open and the liquid enters the centrifugal pump 1 through two channels - through the inlet channel 11 and through the radiator 2 through the inlet channel 10. At a temperature of 90-95 ° C Stupid in the centrifugal pump 1 through the inlet channel 10 only through the radiator 2. During engine operation, the cooling fluid circulation in the system is created by the centrifugal pump 1. The centrifugal pump 1 has three spiral outlet channels 7, 8, 9, supplying fluid to the oil cooler 6, into the cavity cooling of the right 5 and left 4 row of cylinders, respectively. From the oil cooler 6, the coolant is sent to the thermostat zone in the thermostat box 3 through the hole 15. The coolant exiting the engine block is also routed through the channels to the thermostat box 3 with thermostats through the hole 13 and 14. Thermostat box 3 and a centrifugal pump 1 in the body of the fluid channels, made as a solid product, as well as connecting the thermostat box 3 directly to the outlet manifolds of the coolant of the engine block of the engine and the outlet Nome channel cooler 6 and the centrifugal pump diverting channel 1 directly to the cavities 5 of the right and left engine block 4 rows of cylinders and oil cooler to the supply channel 6 ensures the compactness of the system and helps to reduce hydraulic losses and improve reliability.

Thus, the proposed liquid cooling system of the internal combustion engine allows to reduce hydraulic losses by 20-30% compared with the prototype, due to the fact that the cooling fluid exiting the oil cooler 6, goes directly to the thermostat operating zone, bypassing the cylinder block, which reduces hydraulic losses and does not affect the redistribution of coolant flow between the right and left row of engine cylinders. Independent pumping of fluid through the cooled components and assemblies of the internal combustion engine is ensured, which leads to increased reliability, while ensuring a uniform distribution of flow rates and pressures of the cooling liquid over the oil cooler 6, right 5 and left 4 rows of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which effectively ensures the reliability of maintaining optimal temperature in the cylinder block.

Claims (3)

1. A liquid cooling system of an internal combustion engine, including a centrifugal pump and a thermostatic box with thermostats located in a solid housing, communicated between each other by a channel supplying coolant directly from the thermostat box to the centrifugal pump, and a channel supplying coolant from the thermostat box to the centrifugal pump through a radiator, oil cooler, cylinder block of an internal combustion engine, consisting of right and left rows of cylinders, connecting channels for coolant passage, characterized in that the thermostat box has openings for supplying coolant from the engine block and an opening for supplying coolant from the oil cooler and is connected directly to the exhaust manifolds of the cooling liquid of the engine cylinder block and the exhaust channel of the oil cooler, the centrifugal pump has outlet channels for connecting with engine block and oil cooler, connected directly to the cavities of the right and left row of cylinders of the cylinder block firewood and oil cooler to the supply channel. 2. The liquid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal pump has at least three spiral outlet channels. 3. The liquid cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that the spiral outlet channels are located in the same plane, at the same angle with each other and have equal output sections.

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