RU2556942C2 - De-icing plastic lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to de-icing plastic lubricating materials and can be applied to prevent icing of brake system of railway transport rolling-stock. A de-icing plastic lubricant contains complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids, ceresin, fluoroplastic - 4, polymethylsiloxane, lanoline and a mixture of a polyethylsiloxane liquid and petroleum de-waxed oil in a ratio: 1:0.071-0.28.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase de-icing properties and resistance of the lubricating material to washing off.

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Description

The invention relates to anti-icing plastic lubricants and may find application for protecting various objects from atmospheric ice deposits, especially for protecting brake parts of a railway rolling stock.

Glycol-based anti-icing compositions are known. Such compositions are highly active and reliably protect surfaces from ice deposits. However, on inclined vertical surfaces and under the influence of air flows, these compositions are stored on surfaces for no more than a few hours, i.e. the durability of such coatings is unsatisfactory [Sinitsyn V.V. Plastic greases for protection against icing - M .: Chemistry, 1984. - S.124-131].

ZhT-72 grease is known (TU 38.101345-77 Developer and script holder BAT "AZMOL"), which is a polyethylene siloxane liquid 132-24 thickened with complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids. The grease contains diphenylamine (an antioxidant additive) and a dibutyl phthalate plasticizer. The grease is designed to operate up to -60 ° C, but has low anti-wear properties.

The industry produces ZhT-79L grease (TU 32 CT 1176-83 Developer and script holder BAT "AZMOL"), which contains a mixture of isoparaffin oil and polyethylsiloxane fluid in a ratio of 1.5: 1, lithium stearate, diphenylamine and dibutyl phthalate. The grease is efficient up to -60 ° C, however its anti-icing properties are not high enough.

Known anti-icing grease manufactured by the industry to protect electrical contact networks TsNII-KZ (TU 0254-005-01055954-02 Developer and holder of the original Kuskovsky grease factory). The lubricant is made on the basis of low-viscosity industrial oil of general purpose I-5A, contains glycerin in an amount of 5 wt.% And a number of additives. The grease is not intended for use at temperatures below -30 ° C and does not have a long enough period of operation in atmospheric conditions.

Known anti-icing grease (RF patent No. 809881, IPC С10М 169/06, 1995) for the protection of electrical equipment of railway rolling stock, which contains lithium stearate, wt.% 6-18; zinc dialkyldithiophosphate 1-2; glycerol 5-10; propylene glycol-1.2 15-25; petroleum or synthetic oil - the rest. The lubricant has high anti-icing properties, however, its duration under atmospheric precipitation is not high enough due to the high content of water-soluble components (the total content of glycerol and propylene glycol-1.2 is from 25 to 35%).

The closest in composition is the grease manufactured by the industry TsIATIM-221 (GOST 9433-80), which contains a complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acid masses. % 24.5; ceresin 2.0; antiwear additive ftoroplast-4 - 2.5; polyethylsiloxane liquid 132-24 - the rest.

The grease is designed to operate up to -60 ° C, but its anti-icing properties and resistance to atmospheric precipitation are not high enough.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the anti-icing properties (the ability of a lubricant to protect the metal surface from freezing of ice by reducing ice adhesion to a lubricated surface) and the resistance to washing off of the lubricant by atmospheric precipitation.

In accordance with the invention, there is provided an anti-icing grease containing, in mass%: complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids 18.6-20.2; ceresin 1-6; fluoroplast-4 1-5; polymethylsiloxane 2.4-15; lanolin 1.2-4.1, as well as a mixture of polyethylsiloxane liquid and oil dewaxed oil in a ratio of 1: 0.071-0.28 - up to 100.

The lubricant may also contain, in addition to the specified necessary components, various functional additives that do not significantly affect the indicators that determine its purpose or new technical properties; Such components, in particular, include antioxidants, for example diphenylamine, dye markers, and the like.

Common to the claimed grease and its closest analogue are the signs characterizing their composition: both greases are thickened

complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids; contain ceresin and fluoroplast-4 as additives; polyethylene siloxane liquid is used as an oil base.

Unlike the closest analogue, the proposed lubricant additionally contains polymethylsiloxane and lanolin, and in an oil base it additionally contains in small quantities oil dewaxed oil with a ratio of polyethylsiloxane liquid: dewaxed oil 1: 0.071-0.28. In addition, the claimed grease differs in the ratio of ingredients.

The proposed lubricant in accordance with the invention can be prepared well-known to specialists in the field of grease technology (Ischuk Yu.L. Grease technology. Kiev: Naukova Dumka. 1986, p. 48-53). The calculated amount of polyethylsiloxane liquid of grades 132-24 or 132-25, stearic acid, aqueous solutions of calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) ₂ , calcium acetate, is heated to 100 ° C, then loaded with MVP or AC oil, are loaded into an external heating reactor crushed ceresin, lanolin, a suspension of fluoroplast-4 in synthetic oil (polymethylsiloxane), and heated to 180-190 ° C, kept at this temperature for 2 hours, then the contents of the reactor were cooled.

In the process of preparing grease, it is advisable to use industrially produced products: polyethylsiloxane liquid of grades 132-24 or 132-25 (GOST 10957-74), MVP oil (GOST 1805-81) or AU oil (GOST 1642-75), calcium hydroxide (GOST 9262-77), stearic acid (GOST 6484 amend. 1-3), calcium acetate (GOST 3159 with amendment 1), ceresin (GOST 2488 with amendment 1.2), fluoroplast-4 (GOST 10007-80), polymethylsiloxane PMS 200A (OST 6-02-20-79), lanolin (OST 64-8-15-87).

In accordance with the above technology, a number of grease samples are prepared, the formulation of the prepared samples is shown in Table 1. The recipe for the closest analogue, TsIATIM-221 lubricant, is also given there.

Lubricant samples are subjected to the following tests:

1. Determine the ability of the lubricant to reduce the adhesion of ice to the metal. The adhesion value is estimated by the displacement force of metal plates with and without a lubricating coating from the thickness of ice with plates frozen into it at a temperature of -10 ° C. The results are shown in table.2.

2. The durability of the lubricant coating under atmospheric precipitation was evaluated by the washability of the lubricant with water jets according to the procedure described in TU 2113-004-70470322-2009. To determine the washability of the lubricant with water, metal plates with a size of 15 × 40 mm are prepared, on which a lubricant with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm is applied. Further, these plates are exposed to spraying water in a laboratory installation as follows: the control valve opens, connecting the water supply network to the installation, water flows through the hose to the nozzle and is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the suspended plates, simulating rain. The water flow rate is 240 ± 10 dm ³ / h and is controlled by a rotameter. The rotameter is calibrated using a measuring cup and a stopwatch. The temperature of the supplied water is determined by a thermometer. The simultaneous suspension of up to four plates with samples of lubricant is allowed. The test time is 30 minutes. After testing, the plates are removed, dried in a desiccator with a desiccant and weighed on an analytical balance with an accuracy of 0.0002 g. Grease flushing resistance index (W) - the amount of not washed lubricant, in percent, is determined by the formula:

, $$W=\frac{\left(m_2-m\right)}{(m_{\mathrm{one}}-m)}\times \mathrm{one\; hundred}$$

,

where: m is the mass of the plate, g;

m ₁ is the mass of the plate with lubricant before the test, g;

m ₂ - the mass of the plate with lubricant after the test,

As follows from the results given in table 2, the samples of the proposed anti-icing lubricants 1-3, 5-7 and 9-11 2.5-5 times reduce the amount of ice adhesion to the surface and increase 1.4-2.8 times resistance to precipitation compared to the prototype (example 16).

With an increase or decrease in the content of ingredients in the lubricant compared with the declared values of ice adhesion to the surface of the lubricant significantly increase, and resistance to atmospheric precipitation decreases (examples 4, 8, 12-15).

table 2 Properties of anti-icing grease samples The properties Sample No. one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 fourteen fifteen 16 Adhesion of ice to the surface of the lubricant, Pa 850 610 890 510 490 900 780 970 730 950 640 970 1900 1400 1200 2500 Resistance to washing off with water,% 87.0 83.6 74.7 62.5 78.9 74.0 81.8 65.8 72.0 89.7 87.2 80.9 71.6 78.3 71.3 72.0

Claims (1)

An oil-based anti-icing grease containing complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids, ceresin and fluoroplast-4, characterized in that the grease contains a mixture of polyethylsiloxane liquid as a synthetic oil and dewaxed oil as a mineral oil in a ratio of 1: 0,071-0,28, and additionally the lubricant contains polymethylsiloxane and lanolin in the following ratios of components, wt.%:
complex calcium soap of stearic and acetic acids 18.6-20.2 ceresin 1-6 ftoroplast-4 1-5 polymethylsiloxane 2.4-15.0 lanolin 1,2-4,1 a mixture of polyethylsiloxane liquid and oil dewaxed oil in a ratio of 1: 0.071-0.28 rest