RU2555007C2 - Method of use of organo-mineral fertiliser for foliar treatment of crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The method of foliar feeding of grain crops comprises treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of organo-mineral fertiliser which is a mixture of potassium humate with boric acid in a ratio of 1:1, and the feeding is held together with chemical weeding with herbicides.

EFFECT: invention enables to provide bio-stimulating action of the agent with the effect of mobilising the potential of plants to adverse weather conditions, to reduce the stress state of the plants from the herbicides used, to increase the plant immunity, to promote and develop the plant growth, to ensure the improvement of productive tillering and to provide the optimal formation of the reproductive organs of plants.

1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to increase productivity and grain quality of grain crops.

Root and non-root top dressing is an important factor in the growth and development of plants, as well as increasing crop yields. Foliar feeding is justified by the fact that a single application of fertilizers in the soil in autumn or spring cannot provide the plant with all the nutrients it needs (Lebedeva L.A., Edemskaya N.L. Scientific principles of the fertilizer system with the basics of environmental agrochemistry. - M .: Izd.- Moscow State University, 2005 - p. 43, 222).

Known means for foliar feeding of crops (Pat. RU No. 2120754, IPC A01N 59/06, C05D 5/00), providing for the use of natural bischofite, which increases productivity.

The disadvantage of this tool is that it does not take into account the needs of plants during critical periods of growth and development, without compensating for the deficiency of trace elements during the laying of the crop.

Means for foliar treatment of grain crops (Pat. RU No. 2377227, 2008, IPC C05D 9/02) increases the immunity of plants, provides increased tillering productivity and optimal formation of plant reproductive organs. It is an artificial mixture of trace elements, which complicates its use in the field.

The closest in technical essence, selected as a prototype is "Protective-stimulating biological product for crops" (patent RU No. 2289560 2005, IPC A01N 65/00, C05F 11/02), including humic acids, trace elements of plants, in including boron.

A common disadvantage of the known analogues and prototype is that the composition and technology of the obtained humic fertilizers are not optimized for application, taking into account the characteristics of soils and specific crops grown.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase crop yields, accelerate plant growth and improve the quality of agricultural products in general through the integrated use of foliar feeding with chemical weeding of grain crops, as well as reducing time and labor in the manufacture of working solution.

This problem is achieved by the fact that the tool for foliar feeding of crops contains a composition of macro- and microelements in the form of total nitrogen, boron, potassium and is used to treat vegetative plants. The basic microelement of mineral nutrition, which affects the productivity of plants, is boron, and nitrogen, which affects growth.

Organic-mineral fertilizer is a mixture of potassium humate with boric acid in a ratio of 1: 1.

Potassium humate is a product of the interaction of brown oxidized coal with a solution of potassium hydroxide and contains natural humic compounds (humates) and their salts. Potassium humate contains (%):

Nitrogen (NO ₃ ) - At least 0.002

Potassium (K ₂ O) - Not more than 0.4

Phosphorus (P ₂ O ₅ ) - At least 0.03

Humic acids - 0.15-0.5

The technical result of the invention is the provision of a biostimulating effect of the product with the effect of mobilizing the potential of plants to adverse weather conditions, reducing the stress state of plants from applied herbicides, increasing plant immunity, stimulating and developing plant growth, ensuring increased productive tillering and ensuring optimal formation of plant reproductive organs.

Systemic pesticides block certain enzymatic reactions or individual enzymes - trace elements - reduce the effect on enzymatic reactions by stimulating them, and increase the number of enzymes and their activity. Trace elements activate photosynthesis and energy exchange, therefore, they act to neutralize the toxic effect by removing (destroying) the plant toxicant.

For a field test, a 200-liter tank mixture was prepared where 1 liter of a mother liquor containing 2% potassium humate solution and 2% boric acid solution was added. Depending on the weediness of the crops, herbicides against cereal and broadleaf weeds were added. The flow rate of the tank mixture was 200 l / ha.

To identify the effect of the foliar top dressing we developed on the productivity of Novosibirsk 29 wheat, field experiments were conducted for five years. The experiment was repeated three times. During the experiment, vegetative plants were treated with a tank mixture in the bumping phase, and plots treated with water served as control.

Scheme of experience:

1. Control + tilt

2. Tank mixture of herbicides, humic acids and boron + tilt

The consumption of an aqueous solution of fertilizers 300 l / ha.

Non-root top dressing had a positive effect on increasing the elements of the crop structure and the yield of spring wheat.

When using foliar top dressings compared with the control, a larger number of productive stems remained (an increase of 38%), a larger number of spikelets and grains in the ear was formed, and the weight of 1000 grains increased (17%). All these changes have largely affected wheat yields.

The use of the developed tank mixtures with foliar top dressing made it possible to increase the yield of wheat grain by 1.83 t / ha (60%) with a yield of 3.06 t / ha in control.

The invention allows to reduce the cost of cultivating crops by combining drugs for various purposes, taking into account the state of crops.

The influence of the processing of crops of wheat of the Novosibirsk 29 variety by organic-mineral fertilizer (Borostim) in the tubing phase, t / ha (average for 2007-2011) Options (factor A) Chemicalization Levels (Factor B) Average t / ha Increase t / ha normal + tilt Intensive + Tilt The control 3.06 4.66 3.86 - Potassium humate 3.26 4.75 4.01 0.15 Borostin 3.48 4.89 4.19 0.32 Hcp ₀₅ Factor A 0.15 The normal level of chemicalization is nitrogen fertilizers 30 kg / ha a.v. Intensive level of chemicalization - nitrogen fertilizers 70 kg / ha a.v. + chemical weeding with herbicides

Claims (1)

A method of foliar feeding of grain crops, which includes treating vegetating plants with a solution of organo-mineral fertilizer, which is a mixture of potassium humate with boric acid in a ratio of 1: 1, and feeding is carried out together with chemical weeding with herbicides.