RU2554966C2 - Crude mixture for making ash-alkaline concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the industry of construction materials and can be used in making structures and articles. A crude mixture for making ash-alkaline concrete, which includes binder consisting of II field flue ash with true density ρ_i=2590-2800 kg/m³ and losses after calcination of 3.1-4.9%, obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at Irkutsk TPP-7, and liquid glass with silica modulus n=0.9-1.4 and density ρ=1.36-1.38 g/cm³, made from Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant wastes - microsilica with true density ρ_i=2120-2280 g/cm³, and filler in the form of screenings from crushing diabase into rock chips with true density ρ_i=2850-3120 kg/m³, crushability strength of 10.4-13.1%, with the following ratio of grains of fractions, wt %: fr. 5 mm 55.0, fr. 2.5 mm 27.3, fr.1.25 mm 2.75, fr. 0.63 mm 4.64, fr. 0.315 mm 3.62, fr. 0.14 mm 6.69 and fineness modulus of 4.47, with the following ratio of components of the crude mixture, wt %: field II flue ash 21.74-22.22, said liquid glass 11.12-13.04, said screenings from crushing diabase 65.22-66.66.

EFFECT: high strength.

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Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used for the manufacture of structures and concrete products based on aggregate from substandard raw materials and allows for the efficient use of large-tonnage industrial wastes.

Known concrete mixtures, including quartz sand, carbon-containing liquid glass of silica fume, ash and slag mixture and Portland cement [Patent RU No. 22259971, 2005 C04B 28/26 // C04B 111: 20, p.3].

The disadvantages of concrete based on this concrete mixture are low concrete strength indicators, multicomponent composition, the use of natural quartz sand, the need to grind ash and slag mixture, and the use of expensive Portland cement.

The closest analogue to the described invention is a raw material mixture, including aggregate - screening from crushing of diabase with a bulk density of 1565-1580 kg / m ³ and particle size module Mkr = 4.0-4.9 and a binder, consisting of fly ash I field, resulting from combustion of brown coal Achinskogo Kansko-TPP-7 Bratsk Irkutsk region, and water glass, manufactured tonnage departing from ferrosilicon production Bratsk ferroalloy plant - microsilica having a bulk density of 230-245 kg / m ³ and containing a crystalline superfine graphite particles and β-modification of silicon carbide in an amount of 10-13%, with the silicate modulus n = 1 and the density ρ = 1,38-1,42 g / cm ³ [patent RU №2376267 C1, C04B 40/00, 28 / 26, 111/20, 12.20.2009, 4 pp.].

The disadvantage of the described raw mix is the low strength characteristics of concrete made from this raw mix, which limits the use of the resulting concrete.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the quality of the raw mix.

The technical result is an increase in the strength characteristics of concrete.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the raw mixture for the preparation of ash-and-concrete concrete includes a filler and a binder, consisting of fly ash of the II field with a true density ρ _and = 2590-2800 kg / m ³ and losses after calcination 3.1-4 , 9% obtained from the burning of brown coal from KATEK at Irkutsk TPP-7, and liquid glass with a silicate module n = 0.9-1.4 and a density ρ = 1.36-1.38 g / cm ³ made from man-made waste Bratsk ferroalloy plant - silica fume with a true density ρ _and = 2120-2280 kg / m ³ , and as the filler is used screening from crushing of diabase masses on crushed stone with a true density ρ _and = 2850-3120 kg / m ³ , crushing strength 10.4-13.1% with a grain ratio of fractions,%:

fr. 5 mm - 55.0; fr. 2.5 mm - 27.3; fr. 1.25 mm - 2.75; fr. 0.63 mm - 4.64; fr. 0.315 mm - 3.62; fr. 0.14 mm - 6.69

and a particle size modulus of 4.47 in the following ratio of components of the raw mix, wt.%:

Indicated fly ash II field - 21.74-22.22; Specified Liquid Glass - 11.12-13.04; Indicated screening from crushing diabase - 65.22-66.66

The raw material mixture for the preparation of concrete was prepared as follows.

Fly ash II field obtained from the burning of brown coal from KATEK at Irkutsk TPP-7, characterized by a bulk density of 990 kg / m ³ and a sieve residue of No. 008 - 9.8%. mixed with aggregate - screening from crushing of diabase masses on crushed stone, characterized by bulk density ρ _n = 1610 kg / m ³ and humidity 0.31%. The ratio between fly ash and aggregate was 1: 3. The properties of the materials used are presented in tables 1-4.

After mixing the dry components for 1 min. to the mixture was added liquid glass of silica fume, characterized by a bulk density ρ _n = 267 kg / m ³ , with a silicate module n = 0.9-1.4 and a density ρ = 1.36-1.38 g / cm ³ . The mixture was mixed in a forced-action concrete mixer for 2-3 minutes. Formation of samples 4 × 4 × 16 cm in size was carried out on a laboratory vibratory platform. Hardening of the samples was carried out in a TBO chamber at a temperature of 85 ± 5 ° C for 8 hours. After this, the steamed samples were tested for strength. Similarly, concrete based on raw mixes of other compositions was prepared and tested. The results are presented in table 5.

Table 1 Physical characteristics of fly ash Bulk density, kg / m ³ True density, kg / m ³ Humidity% The residue on sieve No. 008,% Loss after calcination,% 990 2590-2800 0.26 9.8 3.1-4.9

table 2 The chemical composition of fly ash The content of oxides, wt.% SiO ₂ Al ₂ O ₃ Fe ₂ O ₃ Cao Na ₂ O K ₂ O SO ₃ MgO 50,5 8.6 8.4 20.5 0.1 0.6 1,5 1.7

Table 3 Screening properties from crushing of diabase masses on crushed stone Bulk density, kg / m ³ True density, kg / m ³ Humidity% Crushing strength,% The modulus of fineness (MKR) 1610 2850-3120 0.31 10.4-13.1 4.47

Table 4 Grain composition of screening from crushing of diabase masses on crushed stone Sieve residues,% Sieve hole sizes, mm 5,0 2,5 1.25 0.63 0.315 0.14 private 55.0 27.3 2.75 4.64 3.62 6.69 full 55.0 82.3 85.05 89.69 93.31 one hundred

Analysis of the obtained data shows that concrete based on the proposed raw material mixture is characterized by sufficiently high strength indicators exceeding the strength characteristics of concrete according to the prototype.

Claims (1)

The raw material mixture for the preparation of ash and alkali concrete, including aggregate and binder, characterized in that the binder consists of fly ash of the II field with a true density ρ _and = 2590-2800 kg / m ³ and losses after calcination of 3.1-4.9%, obtained from burning KATEK brown coal at the Irkutsk TPP-7, and liquid glass with a silicate module n = 0.9-1.4 and density ρ = 1.36-1.38 g / cm ³ made from industrial waste from the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant - silica fume with a true density ρ _and = 2120-2280 g / cm ³ , and screening from crushing di abase masses on crushed stone with a true density ρ _and = 2850-3120 kg / m ³ , crushing strength 10.4-13.1% with a grain ratio of fractions, wt.%:
fr. 5 mm 55.0 fr. 2.5 mm 27.3 fr. 1.25 mm 2.75 fr. 0.63 mm 4.64 fr. 0.315 mm 3.62 fr. 0.14 mm 6.69
and a particle size modulus of 4.47 in the following ratio of components of the raw mix, wt.%:
Indicated fly ash II field 21.74-22.22 Specified Liquid Glass 11,12-13,04 Indicated screening from crushing diabase 65.22-66.66