RU2374201C1 - Raw mixture for making heat-resistant concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of construction materials and can be used in construction industry when making objects and structures from heat-resistant concrete. The raw mixture for making heat-resistant concrete contains, wt %: 36.83 to 64.51 filler - siftings from crushing diabasic lumps on crushed rock with particle size from 0 to 5 mm with üpack=1590 kg/m3 and moisture of 1 to 2% with the following ratio of fractions, %: 5 mm fraction - 55.0, 2.5 mm fraction - 26.0, 1.25 mm fraction - 6.7, 0.63 mm fraction 1.7, 0.315 mm fraction - 3.3, 0.14 mm fraction - 5, less than 0.14 mm fraction - 2.3, and binder, consisting of field I flue ash with üpack=800-850 kg/m3 and sieve No.008 residue - 6.7%, 20.41 to 40.72 and liquid glass, made from multitonnage ferrosilicon production wastes from the ferro-alloy - microsilica Bratsk factory with üpack=215-220 kg/m3 and containing fine grained crystalline impurities in form of carborundum and graphite in amount of 8 to 10%, with silica modulus n=1-1.5 and density ü=1.33-1.34 g/cm, 13.98 to 27.17. ^ EFFECT: increased heat resistance of concrete with simplification of the production process, reduced cost of final product. ^ 1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used in industrial construction in the manufacture of products and structures made of heat-resistant concrete.

Heat-resistant and refractory concrete based on Portland cement, slag Portland cement is known [Volzhensky A.V. Mineral binders: Textbook. for universities, 4th ed., revised. and add. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1986, S. 329-332].

The disadvantages of these concrete are significant shrinkage deformation, multicomponent, and therefore, the significant cost of such concrete.

The closest to the invention, in technical essence, is a concrete mixture comprising quartz sand, carbon-containing liquid glass made of silica fume, ash and slag mixture and Portland cement [Patent RU No. 2259971, 2005 С04В 28/26 // С04В 111: 20, p.3].

The disadvantages of concrete based on this concrete mix are low indicators of heat resistance of concrete, multicomponent composition, the use of natural quartz sand, the need to grind ash and slag mixture, the use of expensive Portland cement.

The problem solved by the invention is to improve the quality of concrete.

The technical result is an increase in the heat resistance of concrete while simplifying the process of obtaining it, reducing the cost of finished products.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the raw material mixture for the preparation of heat-resistant concrete includes aggregate and cement, consisting of fly ash obtained from burning brown Kansko-Achinsk coal at TPP-7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk region and liquid glass, and As a filler, screening from crushing of diabase blocks to crushed stone with a grain size of 0-5 mm with ρ _us = 1590 kg / m ³ and a moisture content of 1-2% is used with the following grain fraction ratio:

fr. 5 mm - 55.0% fr. 2.5 mm - 26.0% fr. 1.25 mm - 6.7% fr. 0.63 mm - 1.7% fr. 0.315 mm - 3.3% fr. 0.14 mm - 5%

less than 0.14 mm - 2.3%, as fly ash use field I ash with ρ _us = 800-850 kg / m ³ and a sieve residue No. 008 of 6.7%, and liquid glass is used as liquid glass glass made from large-tonnage waste from the production of ferrosilicon of the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant - silica fume with ρ _us = 215-220 kg / m ³ and containing finely dispersed crystalline impurities in the form of carborundum and graphite in the amount of 8-10%, with a silicate module n = 1-1, 5 and density ρ = 1.33-1.34 g / cm ³ , in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Indicated fly ash 20.41-40.72% Specified Liquid Glass 13.98-27.17% Indicated Diabase Dropout 36.83-64.51%

Example. Test samples were prepared as follows. The fly ash of the first field was mixed with the elimination of diabase, everything was closed with liquid silica glass with silicate module n = 1 and density ρ = 1.34 g / cm ³ . The mixture was mixed in a forced-action concrete mixer for 2-3 minutes. 4 × 4 × 16 cm beam samples were formed on a laboratory vibratory platform. Samples solidified in a TBO chamber at a temperature of 90 ± 5 ° С for 9 hours. After that, part of the steamed samples was tested for strength, and the remaining samples were dried in an oven at T = 105-110 ° C for 48 hours, after which they were directly tested for heat resistance - in a muffle furnace at T = 1000 ° C for four hours . The rate of rise and decrease in temperature was 150 ° C / hour. After such tests, the samples were tested for strength. Similarly prepared and tested concrete based on raw mixtures of two more compounds. The results are presented in the table.

Table Heat resistance of concrete No. p / p Liquid glass properties The composition of the mixture, wt.% Concrete properties Silicate Density, g / cm ³ Diabase screening Ash Liquid glass Compressive strength after TVO, MPa Residual strength after firing,% one one 1.33 38.60 38.60 22.80 30.5 86.6 2 one 1.34 51,44 25.72 22.84 34.1 88 3 1,5 1.33 61.23 20.41 18.36 22.9 74

An analysis of the data shows that concrete based on the proposed raw material mixture is characterized by fairly high grades and residual strengths: up to 34.1 MPa and 88%, respectively. Moreover, the proposed raw material mixture consists of only three components, in contrast to the multicomponent analogue, in which a corrective additive is used. The technological process of obtaining the proposed raw material is much simpler, since fly ash, in contrast to the ash and slag mixture, does not require grinding. The proposed raw material mixture is cheaper than the analogue, since there is no very energy-consuming operation in the manufacturing process — grinding, and all components of the proposed raw material mixture are either industrial waste (fly ash, diabase screening), or obtained on the basis of waste (liquid glass from silica fume) in contrast to the well-known mixture, which uses natural conditioned raw materials - quartz sand and expensive energy-intensive artificial material - Portland cement. Thus, the proposed raw mix allows us to solve not only technical problems (obtaining heat-resistant concrete with high grades and residual strengths), but also economic (reducing the cost of building materials) and environmental (wide involvement in the production of industrial waste).

Claims (1)

The raw material mixture for the preparation of heat-resistant concrete includes a filler and a binder consisting of fly ash obtained from burning brown Kansko-Achinsk coal at TPP-7 in Bratsk, Irkutsk region and liquid glass, characterized in that screening from diabase crushing is used as a filler lumps on gravel with a grain size 0-5 mm, with ρ _we = 1590 kg / m ³ and a humidity of 12% at the following ratio grain fractions:
fr. 5 mm 55.0% fr. 2.5 mm 26.0% fr. 1.25 mm 6.7% fr. 0.63 mm 1.7% fr. 0.315 mm 3.3% fr. 0.14 mm 5% less than 0.14 mm 2.3%
as fly ash, ash of field I is used with ρ _us = 800-850 kg / m ³ and a sieve residue No. 008 of 6.7%, and liquid glass is made of liquid glass made from large tonnage waste produced by the Bratsk Ferroalloys Ferrosilicon Plant - silica fume with ρ _us = 215-220 kg / m ³ and containing highly dispersed crystalline impurities in the form of carborundum and graphite in the amount of 8-10%, with silicate module n = 1-1.5 and density ρ = 1.33-1, 34 g / cm ³ in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Indicated fly ash 20.41-40.72 Specified Liquid Glass 13.98-27.17 Indicated diabase screening 36.83-64.51