RU2551880C1 - Method for artistic incrustation with usage of natural coloured diamonds, diamond chips and brilliants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: polygraphy, decorative art.

SUBSTANCE: method for artistic incrustation with usage of natural coloured diamonds, diamond chips and brilliants relates to manufacture of highly artistic works of decorative and applied arts, preferably, icons.

EFFECT: manufacture of highly artistic works of decorative and applied arts.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of highly artistic works of decorative art, mainly icons. There are many ways to frame and decorate highly artistic products, by which an ornament, image, etc. is applied to the surface of the base (lining). from valuable and other stones of organic and mineral origin.

A well-known method of inlay with amber (Hvorostov A.S. "Chasing, inlay, woodcarving", M .: Education, 1977, p.72, 82). The method includes cutting the nest of the desired configuration in a wooden base (lining) according to the developed sketch, placing and securing amber in this nest, as well as giving the entire set a common surface. However, the disadvantage of this method is the need for mutual accurate fitting of the nest into which amber is inserted, which requires a lot of experience and high qualification. With this method, inevitably there remains a junction that spoils the picture.

A known method of manufacturing wood products with inlay, including drying the wood to achieve a certain moisture content, preparing the surface of the product, making curly inserts from wood and placing them according to a given sketch of the product, filling the free space between the inserts with pieces of amber of different fractions, filling the surface of the product with polyester resin, grinding the product, refilling with varnish and final polishing (RF patent No. 2152878 IPC B44C 1/26, 2000).

However, the known method does not allow to obtain a high-quality product, since due to the different temperature expansion of amber and wood, which over time leads to cracking and uplift of the product, the formation of cracks.

The closest set of essential features to the claimed invention and adopted as a prototype is a method of manufacturing wood products with amber inlay (patent for invention RU No. 2294843 IPC B44C 1/26, 2005). The method is intended for use in arts and crafts in the manufacture of wood products with amber inlaid interior details, furniture, chests, board games. To do this, pre-prepare the tree and amber. Wood and amber are dried to get the same moisture. Plates are made from amber, for this a layer of amber pieces of a certain color gamut and fractions is impregnated with amber varnish and, after hardening, they are primed and ground. After that, the elements are cut out. Accordingly, fragments are cut out in a wooden base (lining), the shape of which corresponds to amber elements. In a wooden base (lining), amber elements are inserted instead of cut fragments. Existing gaps are filled with a polymer compound and, after hardening, they are primed, ground and varnished. A well-known and widespread method of inlaid products with amber, in addition to a number of advantages, has significant disadvantages. Amber has a limited color palette with a mostly golden hue. In addition, over time, amber changes color due to oxidation. This modest “warm” stone does not create a festive, solemn mood.

The basis of the claimed invention posed the technical problem:

- create a qualitatively new (improved) form of color reproduction of the image using diamonds of different colors, since diamonds are among the most beautiful stones. Diamond very refracts and displays light rays. Its optical properties provide the exceptional beauty of this stone. The special beauty, brilliance and enchanting “play” of light rays in diamonds is revealed and achieved after machining, in diamonds;

- increase the durability of the inlaid part of the image;

- combine in one beautiful image high spiritual and material values.

The claimed method of artistic inlay is the most effective in icon painting.

The stated technical task is achieved by the fact that the product (icon) is inlaid with natural colored diamonds, chipped diamonds and diamonds, which includes the previous preparation of the lining of wood, covering it with gold leaf. On gold leaf, a canonical image (for icons) or another specified image is written with oil paints. After the image is applied natural colored diamonds, chipped diamonds and diamonds. Application is carried out manually, piece by piece with the selection of sizes, colors and shades of the material, which is laid out according to a given image.

The claimed method is carried out in this way.

They make a wooden (from oak) lining, which can be of any size. She sets the true size of the work. The most common size for such works is 10 × 15 cm with a lining thickness of 1.5 cm. The size of the lining for inlaying was selected 10 × 15 cm as the most optimal for visual perception of the finished product using the minimum sizes of diamonds and chips. The wooden blank of the lining is dried, the surface is ground, primed and completely covered with gold leaf.

After that, an image is drawn on gold leaf with oil paints. For icons, only canonical images are depicted. In this way, they can depict not only images, but also any artistic images for further inlaying (portraits, landscapes, still lifes, etc.).

After the oil has dried, it is applied to the icon or image of natural colored diamonds, diamond chips or diamonds. Application is carried out manually, individually, with the selection of sizes, colors and shades of the material, which is laid out according to a given image.

Colors use the following:

White diamond is sorted from 1st to 9th color by groups and defects. Colored diamonds (chips) are sorted by the intensity (saturation) necessary for the shades. A total of seven colors are used.

Colors for sorting diamonds:

1. White. They are mined in Yakutia, Africa (PAR), India, and Mongolia.

2. Yellow. Sorted by intensity from 40 to 60%. Produced in Namibia, Australia, Africa.

3. Green. Sorted by intensity: light green - from 40 to 50%, saturated green - from 50 to 60%, dark green - from 80 to 95%. Produced in Australia, Mongolia, Africa.

4. Blue. As a rule - 50-60% saturation, a fine fraction by sieving 1100 pcs. at 1 ct. It is mined in Australia (very rare).

5. Brown (cognac). Intensity - from 50 to 70%. Produced in Australia, Africa. The 7th color of diamonds is used.

6. Black. The intensity is from 90 to 100% (diamonds containing graphite). They are mined in South Africa, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mongolia.

7. Pink. Typically, the intensity is about 40%. Very rare. Produced in Australia, Africa.

In addition, before being used for inlaying, diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds are sorted by dispersion (number of units in one carat). 1 g = 5 carats (ct). They are also sorted by color, tint, and imperfection.

Natural diamonds are used with diameters ranging from 0.8 mm (of the order of 0.00525 ct, i.e. dispersion of 190 pieces per 1 ct) to the largest possible, depending on the subject and purpose of the product.

Chipped is used from 240 pcs. dispersion per 1 ct (of the order of 0.004166 ct) up to 1100 pcs. dispersion per 1 ct (of the order of 0.0000909lct).

About 0.5 ct of chips are used to cover the image area of 1 cm2 (scattering 240 pcs. Per 1 ct).

The total weight of the materials used for inlaying (diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds) with an image size of 10 × 15 cm is from 35 to 45 ct. For inlay, typically 60-75% of the total image area is used.

To fix small parts made of precious stones, it is recommended to use glue such as "Tsiakrin", which ensures the strength of the adhesive bond. Its basis is an ester of alpha-cyanoacrylic acid. This universal adhesive is solvent-free, non-toxic (Telesov M.S., Vetrov A.V. Manufacture and repair of jewelry. M., Legprombytizdat, 1986, p. 97).

However, glue like “Tsiakrin” is inconvenient for inlaying, since it quickly hardens at room temperature, which makes it difficult to select stones according to a given image. The quality and artistic value of the product itself depends on the quality of the fixing stones. Therefore, for inlay in the claimed invention use glue of a special composition developed by the author of the application. The basis of the glue is glue for German-made rhinestones. Fillers supplement the glue, thanks to which the glue acquires increased transparency, additional tack necessary for diamonds, and increases the hardening time. Such an increase in time is necessary to ensure a long procedure for the selection and deposition of diamonds and chips on the image surface.

After final drying, the created icon is placed in an oak icon case measuring 20 × 25 cm under glass with an indication on the tag of the total weight of diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds with the signature carat in color.

As a result of the implementation of the claimed method of inlay using natural, colored diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds, we obtain a highly artistic work (mainly an icon) of a long (unlimited) shelf life, providing a combination of the beautiful, spiritual and material.

Claims (3)

1. The method of artistic inlay using natural colored diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds, including the preparation of a lining of wood with its previous drying, priming and grinding of the surface, characterized in that the surface of the lining is covered with gold leaf, on which the canonical image is painted with oil paints and after the oils have dried, natural colored diamonds, diamond chips and diamonds are applied to the image surface with glue by hand, piece by piece, color s and shades according to the given image. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the image painted in oil on gold is a portrait, landscape, still life, etc. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the glue for artistic inlay is used with fillers, which provide its increased transparency and increase the solidification time.

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