RU2548424C1 - Vibration mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: vibration mixer comprises a mixing chamber with material loading and unloading ports, a rotor with a rotary drive fitted by blades, a vibrator made with a corrugated casing and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. A disk is rigidly fixed inside the vibrator casing in the centre in the horizontal plane, it is fitted with a cylindrical protrusion able of being inserted and fastened along the inner diameter of a spring installed so that it can be freely compressed and released in a cup. The disk provides for the possibility of generating vibrations from the central part of the vibrator casing with the help of four pushers which by their upper part are symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk and by the lower part are coupled in a movable pivot unit of the connecting rod of the lower crank mechanism.

EFFECT: expanded operating performances.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing concrete mixture and can be used in the construction materials industry, in construction and other areas of the construction industry for the production of multicomponent mixtures. Currently, one of the urgent aspects of the development of the construction industry is monolithic construction, an important role in which is given to the preparation of concrete mixtures at the initial stage of production. Analysis of various sources makes it possible to detect the diversity of existing industrial concrete mixing machines implemented on the basis of machining in order to obtain high-quality concrete mixtures, i.e. getting them as uniform as possible in composition. The latter, in particular, makes it possible to distinguish the method of vibrational treatment of concrete mixtures, which has been tested by time and many scientific works, both in a single case and in conjunction with conventional mechanical activation.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis. For example, a rotary vibration mixer with a ring magnetostrictive transducer is known (Patent RU 2318586 C2, 03/10/2008, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator, characterized in that the vibrator is made in the form emitting high-frequency vibrations of the pipe with the disk and is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber.

The main disadvantage of this mixer is the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber.

Also known is a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2297274 C1, 04.20.2007, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of disk springs with rubber shock absorbers, and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has a crank mechanism, with the help of which the Belleville springs excite particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. In the mixer, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the speed of the drive of the crank mechanism. The main disadvantages of this mixer include significant energy costs for the deformation of Belleville springs, a high percentage of wear of rubber shock absorbers, as well as insufficiently effective thixotropic destruction (dilution) of the material structure due to the excitation of vibrations of a strictly horizontal direction in the concrete mixture.

The prior art also knows a rotary mixer with an electromechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2292943 C1, 02/10/2007, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of a bellows with a disk, is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has an electromagnet, with the help of which the bellows excites particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. The mixer has the ability to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the winding of the electromagnet.

The disadvantages of this device include the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber due to the geometry of the bellows strictly cylindrical in shape, as well as inhomogeneous amplitude values of movements decreasing from the place of force acting to the fixation point of the bellows, in each individual section of the bellows, as a result of which the fluctuations from the place of force impact to the place of fixation of the bellows will have a damping nature, which This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of vibration effects on the concrete mixture in the lower part of the mixing chamber.

The closest analogs are vibration mixers (Patent RU 2494795 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494796 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494797 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494798 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494799 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494800 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494801 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494802 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494803 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494804 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494805 C1, 10.10.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494862 C1, 10.10.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2495710 C1, 10.20.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496562 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11 / 00; Patent RU 2496563 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496564 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496565 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496566 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496567 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496568 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496569 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497665 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497666 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497667 C2, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber with material loading and unloading windows and a rotor with blades. In the lower or lower and upper parts of the mixing chambers in the center, one or two vibrators are rigidly fixed, made in the bodies, with the excitation of vibration fields by means of the lower or lower and upper crank mechanisms. In this case, the vibrator bodies are made in the form of corrugated metal shells with different geometry of the bodies of revolution. However, the main drawback of mixer designs is the lack of providing a combination of essential features of these devices with a new property, which consists in creating a vibration field or vibration fields corresponding to or individually shaped corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in cross section of a vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices . The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of technical means and ensuring the achievement of new properties by the claimed objects. That is, it is realized that it is possible to create two vibrational fields of different frequency in the entire mixer chamber onto the mixed components of the concrete mixture, corresponding in shape to the corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, with the simultaneous formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional oscillations, which completely exclude the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, a uniform amp the distribution of vibration exposure in the mixing chamber and the qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole. The technical result is achieved in that the vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with windows for loading and unloading materials, respectively, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a corrugated body and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator is made with the excitation function of two identical in amplitude and vibration fields of different frequencies by means of the upper and lower crank mechanisms, inside the vibrator body in the center in a horizontal plane the disk is rigidly fixed with a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring installed with the free compression / expansion function in the cup, to the center of the upper inner part of which is a connecting rod with a drive from the upper crank mechanism, and to the center upper outer part - a pusher rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body and made with the function of exciting vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through Tun through the upper crank mechanism. The disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the volume of the mixing chamber of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing, is configured to excite vibrations from the central part of the vibrator housing using four pushers , the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge of the connecting rod of the lower crank unnogo mechanism. Moreover, the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, and configured to create two-frequency vibration fields corresponding in aggregate to the corrugated contour of this body of revolution, with multidirectional vibrations.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 presents a diagram of a vibration mixer; figure 2 is an enlarged diagram of a vibrator of a vibration mixer.

The vibrating mixer comprises a mixing chamber 1 with loading windows 2 and unloading 3 materials, respectively, a rotor 4 with a rotation drive 5 made with blades 6, 7, a vibrator 8 made with a corrugated body 9 and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator 8 is made with the excitation function of two vibrational fields of the same amplitude and different in frequency by means of the upper 10 and lower 11 crank mechanisms. Inside the case 9 of the vibrator 8, in the center in a horizontal plane, a disk 12 is rigidly fixed with a cylindrical protrusion 13 made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring 14, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the glass 15, to the center of the upper inner part of which is rigidly fixed a connecting rod 16 with a drive from the top 10 of the crank mechanism, and to the center of the upper outer part is a pusher 17, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body 9 and made with The function of excitation of vibrations from the upper part of the given case 9 of the vibrator 8 through the connecting rod 16 by means of the upper 10 of the crank mechanism. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber 1 of mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing 9, is configured to excite oscillations from the central part of the housing 9 vibrator 8 using four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 1 1 crank mechanism. Moreover, the body 9 of the vibrator 8 is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding in aggregate to the corrugated contour of this body rotation, with multidirectional vibrations.

The device operates as follows: first, the components of the concrete mixture, the composition of which is preliminarily selected, are loaded through the loading window 2 in layers into the mixing chamber 1 in the following sequence: sand is laid on the bottom of the mixer, then cement, after which crushed stone, lastly, is uniformly fed to the entire load the required amount of water. Then the drives of the vibrator 8 and the drive 5 of the rotation of the rotor 4 with the blades 6, 7 are turned on. The drive 5 rotates the rotor 4 and the blades 6, 7, thereby mixing the prepared mixture. The pusher 17 through the cup 15 of the spring 14 and the connecting rod 16 by means of the upper crank mechanism 10 performs reciprocating movements, thereby exciting vibrations of the upper part of the housing 9, made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a body of revolution, forming a vertical plane in cross section truncated isosceles triangle at the points of the corrugation vertices. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber 1 of mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, excites vibrations of the central part of the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 by four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 11 cr voshipno-rod mechanism. After a specified time, the drive 5 of the rotor 4 and the drives of the crank mechanisms 10, 11 are turned off and the finished concrete mixture is unloaded through the window 3 of the mixer housing 1.

In general, the device provides the possibility of creating, over the entire volume of the mixer chamber, for the mixed components of the concrete mixture, two vibrational fields of different frequency, corresponding in aggregate to the shape of the corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugations, while the formation of multidirectional oscillations in the two-frequency range, which completely exclude the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, of the amplitude distribution of the vibration effect in the mixing chamber and the qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole. This is due to the fact that, firstly, the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugations, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding to taken together in the form of a corrugated contour of a given body of revolution, it allows, on the one hand, to realize the possibility of creating a mixer with stitched components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure, which completely eliminates the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, and on the other hand, eliminates the vibration effect on the vibrator drive, maximally protect the bearing assemblies of the vibrator drive from the ingress of small particles of mixed materials, and also realize the possibility of complete transmission of “beneficial” vibrational impact on the processed material. Secondly, the implementation in the design of the vibrator of two mechanisms, including: a pusher, a cup, a spring, a connecting rod of the upper crank mechanism and a disk with four pushers made with a movable hinge of the connecting rod of the lower crank mechanism, ensures the creation of uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point external generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, thereby allowing for a uniform distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber, allows for the implementation of high-quality syphication of the mixing process of the components of the mixture during multi-frequency vibration, which consists in simultaneously influencing the concrete mixture with vibrations of two or more frequencies and allowing, when superimposed on the vibration curves, to increase the speed of the particles of the mixture, which, in turn, increases the efficiency of vibration. The multi-frequency vibration, proceeding from the fact that each grain size corresponds to its own vibration frequency, can be considered as a means of influencing the largest number of grains, i.e. the intensity of multi-frequency vibrations is higher than the intensity of each of its constituent vibrations, thereby reducing the mixing cycle of concrete mixtures. And thirdly, the design of the mixer allows one to realize an increase in productivity, lower energy consumption for the mixing process, increased mobility and turbulization of the mixture due to uniform thixotropic destruction of the material structure in the entire space of the mixing chamber, which is manifested in a decrease in the specific resistance to movement of the blade in the concrete mixture compared with specific resistance to the movement of the blade of non-destroyed material. In this regard, the resistance to movement of the blades and the power consumption of the rotor rotation drive are reduced. At the same time, the effect of boiling of the mixture under the influence of oscillatory processes of the vibrator body, greater turbulization and more intensive circulation of the particles of the mixture is achieved, as a result of which the mixing time is reduced, the mixer productivity is increased. The claimed invention exhibits new properties not known in the art. The essential features are technical in nature and are identifiable. The set of essential features of the claimed device is necessary and sufficient to obtain the required technical result. The claimed combination of features provides an unexpected, unusual ultramodern technical result that exceeds the technical result obtained from each significant feature separately in relation to objects of the specified purpose. The inventive object provides a change in the prior art by non-obvious means, gives the objects new positive properties, satisfies long-term demand and increases the competitiveness of the patented object. Between the essential features of the claimed decision and the achieved technical result, there is a causal relationship. The set of essential features of the proposed solution provides a new unusual principle of operation of objects, which is as effective as possible for objects of this purpose.

Claims (1)

A vibrating mixer containing a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows, respectively, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a corrugated body and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator is designed to excite two identical in amplitude and different in frequency vibration fields through the upper and lower crank mechanisms, inside the vibrator body in the center in the horizontal plane, a disk with a cylindrical A protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of a spring installed with the function of free compression / decompression in a cup, a connecting rod with a drive from the upper crank mechanism is rigidly fixed to the center of the upper inner part, and a pusher to the center of the upper outer part, rigidly fixed at the other end to the inner upper part of the corrugated body and configured to excite vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through the connecting rod by means of the upper crank-connecting rod of the mechanism, the disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the volume of the mixing chamber of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the corrugation of the housing, is configured to excite oscillations from the central part of the vibrator c using four pushers, the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge of the lower connecting rod crank mechanism, characterized in that the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in the cross section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two-frequency vibration fields corresponding to the whole the shape of the corrugated contour of a given body of revolution, with multidirectional vibrations.

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