RU2494798C1 - Vibration mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to continuous-operation vibration mixers to be used in production of construction materials and construction for fabrication of polydisperse multicomponent materials. Said mixer comprises mixing chamber with material loading and discharge openings, vaned rotor, rotor drive, encased vibrator rigidly secured at mixing chamber center. Said vibrator excites equal-amplitude different-frequency vibration fields by top and bottom crank gears. Said shell is composed of thin-wall corrugated solid of revolution that forms truncated ellipse in vertical plane section over crimp peaks points. It allows generating opposite direction oscillations. Disk with cylindrical ledge is secured inside shell, at the center of horizontal plane, to be fitted and secured over spring ID, spring being arranged inside the barrel to contract/release therein. Con-rod driven by top crank gear is rigidly secured to disk inner top part center. Pusher is secured to top outer part of said disk, its opposite end being rigidly secured to corrugated shell inner top part to excite vibrations from vibrator top part via con-rod driven by top crank gear or some other gear. Said disk uniformly distributes vibration field from the case top to bottom by creation of uniform amplitude displacements of every point of corrugated shell pouter generatrix and excited vibrations by means of four pushers with their top part secured in symmetry to disk bottom and bottom part fitted in top crank gear assy con-rod hinge.

EFFECT: ruled out dead zones in mixing chamber, intensified mixing of components.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing concrete mixture and can be used in the construction materials industry, in construction and other areas of the construction industry for the production of multicomponent mixtures.

Currently, the economic development of the Russian Federation determines the processes associated with the creation of competitive production in various industries. For example, one of the urgent aspects of the development of the construction industry is monolithic construction, an important role in which is given to the preparation of concrete mixtures at the initial stage of production. Analysis of various sources makes it possible to detect the diversity of existing industrial concrete mixing machines implemented on the basis of machining in order to obtain high-quality concrete mixtures, i.e. getting them as uniform as possible in composition. The latter, in particular, makes it possible to distinguish the method of vibrational treatment of concrete mixtures, which has been tested by time and many scientific works, both in a single case and in conjunction with conventional mechanical activation.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis.

For example, a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter is known (Patent RU 2297274 C1, 04.20.2007, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of disk springs with rubber shock absorbers, and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has a crank mechanism, with the help of which the Belleville springs excite particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. In the mixer, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the speed of the drive of the crank mechanism.

Also known is a device for mixing concrete mixture (Patent RU 2399486 C1, September 20, 2010, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, rigidly fixed in the center of the mixing chamber, a vibrator with an axis , with disc springs and shock absorbers seated on it with a clearance. The vibrator is made with thrust washers of a larger and smaller diameter, while cup springs, shock absorbers are placed on the axis in the following order: a cup spring, a thrust washer of a larger diameter, a rubber shock absorber, a thrust washer of a larger diameter, a cup spring, a thrust washer of a smaller diameter, a rubber shock absorber, thrust washer of smaller diameter. The crank mechanism has a deforming effect on the disk springs, washers, rubber shock absorbers by means of a cover bolted to it, thereby causing them to oscillate in the reciprocating direction, exciting the particles of the mixture to oscillate in the horizontal direction.

The disadvantages of these designs include significant energy costs for the deformation of Belleville springs, a high percentage of wear of rubber shock absorbers, as well as insufficiently effective thixotropic destruction (dilution) of the material structure due to the excitation of vibrations of a strictly horizontal direction in the concrete mix.

A group of vibration mixers is also known from the prior art (Patent RU 2201796 C1, 04/10/2003, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2189854 C1, 09/27/2002, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2140320 C1, 10.27.1999, B01F 11 / 00), containing a mountainous body resting on the frame through shock absorbers, a vibration exciter and material loading and unloading nozzles, which differ in the presence of various rigidly fixed spherical and hemispherical nozzles inside the center of the body base.

The main disadvantages of these structures include the difficulty of using mixers in the production of concrete mixtures, the low efficiency and intensity of the mixed materials, and the insufficient mixing of materials in the upper part of the mixer body due to the lack of aggregates and mechanisms moving the mixture components inside the case, as well as excitation directed in the vertical plane of vibrations directly through the mixer body.

The closest analogue is a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2398625 C1, 09/10/2010, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, and a vibrator made in the form of a welded bellows with folding corrugations. The vibrator is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber and is connected to the electric motor by means of a crank mechanism.

Also the closest analogue is a rotary mixer with an electromechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2292943 C1, 02/10/2007, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of a bellows with a disk, is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has an electromagnet, with the help of which the bellows excites particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. The mixer has the ability to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the winding of the electromagnet.

The disadvantages of these devices include inefficient vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber due to the geometry of the bellows strictly cylindrical in shape, as well as inhomogeneous amplitude values of displacements decreasing from the place of force acting to the fixation point of the bellows , in each individual section of the bellows, as a result of which the fluctuations from the place of force impact to the place of fixation of the bellows will have a damping character, dit reduce the effectiveness of vibratory impacts onto the concrete at the bottom of the mixing chamber.

EFFECT: realization of the possibility of creating a vibration mixer with multidirectional vibrations throughout the entire chamber of the mixer on the mixed components of the concrete mixture, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, two of the same amplitude, different in frequency and evenly distributed throughout the chamber mixing vibration fields with simultaneous qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole.

The technical result is achieved in that the vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with windows for loading and unloading materials, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a body and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator is made with the function of excitation of two identical the amplitude and vibration frequency fields of different frequencies by means of the upper and lower crank mechanisms, and the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, representing a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated ellipse in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which a disk with a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter is rigidly fixed in the center in the horizontal plane a spring installed with the function of free compression / decompression in a glass, to the center of the upper inner part of which a connecting rod with a drive is rigidly fixed m from the upper crank mechanism, and to the center of the upper outer part - the pusher, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part. corrugated metal shell and made with the function of exciting vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through the connecting rod by means of the upper crank mechanism. Moreover, the disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the volume of the mixing chamber of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the casing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, is configured to excite vibrations from the central part of the vibrator casing using four pushers, the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge and the lower crank mechanism.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 presents a diagram of a vibration mixer; figure 2 is an enlarged diagram of a vibrator of a vibration mixer.

The vibrating mixer comprises a mixing chamber 1 with loading and unloading windows 3 of materials 3, respectively, a rotor 4 with a rotation drive 5, made with blades 6, 7, a vibrator 8, made with a housing 9 and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, the vibrator 8 is made with the function excitation of two vibration fields of the same amplitude and different frequency by means of the upper 10 and lower 11 crank mechanisms, and the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugation This thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated ellipse in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which a disk 12 with a cylindrical protrusion 13, made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter, is rigidly fixed in the center in the horizontal plane spring 14, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the glass 15, to the center of the upper inner part of which the connecting rod 16 is rigidly fixed with a drive from the upper 10 IPSO-crank mechanism, and the center of the top outer portion - pusher 17 rigidly mounted at the other end to the inner upper portion of the metallic corrugated sheath and configured to function excitation of vibrations of the upper body portion 9 of the vibrator 8 via the connecting rod 16 by the upper 10 of the crank mechanism. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution over. the entire volume of the chamber 1 for mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, made with the possibility of exciting vibrations from the Central part of the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 using four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 11 crank mechanism.

The device operates as follows: first, the components of the concrete mixture, the composition of which is preliminarily selected, are loaded through the loading window 2 in layers into the mixing chamber 1 in the following sequence: sand is laid on the bottom of the mixer, then cement, after which crushed stone, lastly, is uniformly fed to the entire load the required amount of water. Then the drives of the vibrator 8 and the drive 5 of the rotation of the rotor 4 with the blades 6, 7 are turned on. The drive 5 rotates the rotor 4 and the blades 6, 7, thereby mixing the prepared mixture. The pusher 17 through the cup 15 of the spring 14 and the connecting rod 16 through the upper crank mechanism 10 performs reciprocating movements, thereby exciting the oscillations of the upper part of the housing 9, made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a vertical section planes along the points of the corrugation vertices a truncated ellipse. Moreover, the disk 12, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber 1 of mixing the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing 9 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, excites vibrations of the central part of the housing 9 of the vibrator 8 by four pushers 18, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk 12, and the lower part connected to the node of the movable hinge 19 of the connecting rod 20 of the lower 11 cr voshipno-rod mechanism. After a predetermined time, the drive 5 of the rotor 4 and the drives of the crank mechanisms 10, 11 are turned off and the finished concrete mixture is unloaded through the window 3 of the mixer housing 1.

In general, the device provides the possibility of creating the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the mixed components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure with multidirectional vibrations that completely exclude the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, two of the same amplitude, different in frequency and evenly distributed throughout the volume of the mixing chamber vibration fields with simultaneous qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole. This is due to the fact that, firstly, the vibrator body, made in the form of a metal elliptical corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated ellipse in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugations of the corrugations, which is capable of creating multidirectional vibrations, allows On the one hand, to realize the possibility of creating a vibration mixer that completely eliminates the presence of by mixing the “dead” zones, and on the other, eliminating the vibration effect on the vibrator drive, maximally protecting the bearing assemblies of the vibrator drive from the ingress of small particles of mixed materials, and also realizing the possibility of complete transfer of the “useful” vibration effect to the processed material. Secondly, the implementation in the design of the vibrator of two mechanisms, including: a pusher, a cup, a spring, a connecting rod of the upper crank mechanism and a disk with four pushers made with a movable hinge of the connecting rod of the lower crank mechanism, ensures the creation of uniform amplitude values of displacements of each point external generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, thereby allowing for a uniform distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber, allows for the implementation of high-quality syphication of the mixing process of the mixture components during multi-frequency vibration, which consists in simultaneously influencing the concrete mixture with vibrations of two or more frequencies and allowing, when superimposed on the vibration curves, to increase the speed of the particles of the mixture, which in turn increases the efficiency of vibration. Multi-frequency vibration, based on the fact that each grain size corresponds to its own vibration frequency, can be considered as a means of influencing the largest number of grains, i.e. the intensity of multi-frequency vibrations is higher than the intensity of each of its constituent vibrations, thereby reducing the mixing cycle of concrete mixtures. And thirdly, the design of the mixer allows one to realize an increase in productivity, lower energy consumption for the mixing process, increased mobility and turbulization of the mixture due to uniform thixotropic destruction of the material structure in the entire space of the mixing chamber, which is manifested in a decrease in the specific resistance to movement of the blade in the concrete mixture compared with specific resistance to the movement of the blade of non-destroyed material. In this regard, the resistance to movement of the blades and the power consumption of the rotor rotation drive are reduced. At the same time, the effect of boiling of the mixture under the influence of oscillatory processes of the vibrator body, greater turbulization and more intensive circulation of the particles of the mixture is achieved, as a result of which the mixing time is reduced, the mixer productivity is increased.

Claims (1)

A vibrating mixer comprising a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a housing and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, characterized in that the vibrator is designed to excite two of the same amplitude vibration fields of different frequencies by means of the upper and lower crank mechanisms, and the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is an tapered thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated ellipse in the cross section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which a disk with a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring is rigidly fixed to the center in the horizontal plane, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in a glass, to the center of the upper inner part of which a connecting rod with a drive from the upper crank is rigidly fixed no-connecting rod mechanism, and to the center of the upper outer part - the pusher, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the metal corrugated shell and made with the function of exciting vibrations from the upper part of the vibrator body through the connecting rod by means of the upper crank mechanism, and the disk, the function of which is to create a uniform distribution throughout the entire chamber of the mixing of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of The location of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell is made with the possibility of exciting vibrations from the central part of the vibrator body using four pushers, the upper part symmetrically attached to the lower part of the disk, and the lower part connected to the connecting rod assembly of the connecting rod of the lower crank mechanism.

Images