RU2494862C1 - Vibration mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to continuous-operation vibration mixers to be used in production of construction materials and construction for fabrication of polydisperse multicomponent materials. Said mixer comprises mixing chamber with material loading and discharge openings, vaned rotor and rotary drive. Vibrators are rigidly secured at the center of mixing chamber top and bottom parts, vibration excitation being initiated by crank mechanism. Said shell is composed of thin-wall corrugated solid of revolution that forms truncated ellipse in vertical plane section over crimp peaks points. These can excite opposite-direction vibrations and have disk with guide posts arranged at their centers in horizontal plane and rigidly secured thereat. Cases of vibrators are composed of metallic corrugated shells composed of thin-wall corrugated solids that form truncated circles and semi-ellipse in vertical plane section over crimp peaks points to excite opposite direction vibrations. At the center of every said shell disks with guide posts are rigidly secured to make con-rods translate driven by translation pairs composed of mixing chamber bottom guide post and bottom vibrator con-rod, bottom crank gear, mixing chamber top guide post, vane drive guide post and top vibrator rod of top crank gear. Disks with cylindrical ledge is secured inside shell, at the center of horizontal plane, to be fitted and secured over spring ID, spring being arranged inside the barrel to contract/release therein. Con-rods driven by top crank gear is rigidly secured to disk inner top part center. Four ledges are secured in symmetry to barrels outer cylindrical surfaces. Said disk uniformly distribute vibration field from the case top to bottom by creation of uniform amplitude displacements of every point of corrugated shell pouter generatrix during spring contraction to thrust against rubber damping gaskets.

EFFECT: ruled out dead zones in mixing chamber, intensified mixing of components.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing concrete mixture and can be used in the construction materials industry, in construction and other areas of the construction industry for the production of multicomponent mixtures.

Currently, the economic development of the Russian Federation determines the processes associated with the creation of competitive production in various industries. For example, one of the urgent aspects of the development of the construction industry is monolithic construction, an important role in which is given to the preparation of concrete mixtures at the initial stage of production. Analysis of various sources makes it possible to detect the diversity of existing industrial concrete mixing machines implemented on the basis of machining in order to obtain high-quality concrete mixtures, i.e. getting them as uniform as possible in composition. The latter, in particular, makes it possible to distinguish the method of vibrational treatment of concrete mixtures, which has been tested by time and many scientific works, both in a single case and in conjunction with conventional mechanical activation.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis. For example, a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter is known (Patent RU 2297274 C1, 04.20.2007, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of disk springs with rubber shock absorbers, and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has a crank mechanism, with the help of which the Belleville springs excite particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. In the mixer, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the speed of the drive of the crank mechanism.

Also known is a device for mixing concrete mixture (Patent RU 2399486 C1, September 20, 2010, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, rigidly fixed in the center of the mixing chamber, a vibrator with an axis , with disc springs and shock absorbers seated on it with a clearance. The vibrator is made with thrust washers of a larger and smaller diameter, while cup springs, shock absorbers are placed on the axis in the following order: a cup spring, a thrust washer of a larger diameter, a rubber shock absorber, a thrust washer of a larger diameter, a cup spring, a thrust washer of a smaller diameter, a rubber shock absorber, thrust washer of smaller diameter. The crank mechanism has a deforming effect on the disk, springs, washers, rubber shock absorbers by means of a cover bolted to it, thereby causing them to oscillate in the reciprocating direction, exciting the particles in the horizontal direction to vibrate.

The disadvantages of these designs include significant energy costs for the deformation of Belleville springs, a high percentage of wear of rubber shock absorbers, as well as insufficiently effective thixotropic destruction (dilution) of the material structure due to the excitation of vibrations of a strictly horizontal direction in the concrete mix.

A group of vibration mixers is also known from the prior art (Patent RU 2201796 C1, 04/10/2003, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2189854 C1, 09/27/2002, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2140320 C1, 10.27.1999, B01F 11/00 ) containing a mountainous body resting on the frame through shock absorbers, a vibration exciter and material loading and unloading nozzles, differing among themselves by the presence of various rigidly fixed spherical and hemispherical nozzles inside the center of the housing base.

The main disadvantages of these structures include the difficulty of using mixers in the production of concrete mixtures, the low efficiency and intensity of the mixed materials, and the insufficient mixing of materials in the upper part of the mixer body due to the lack of mixing and / or moving components of the mixture of aggregates and mechanisms inside the case, as well as the directional excitation in the vertical plane of vibrations directly through the mixer body.

The closest analogue is a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2398625 C1, 09/10/2010, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, and a vibrator made in the form of a welded bellows with folding corrugations. The vibrator is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber and is connected to the electric motor by means of a crank mechanism.

Also the closest analogue is a rotary mixer with an electromechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2292943 C1, 02/10/2007, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of a bellows with a disk, is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has an electromagnet, with the help of which the bellows excites particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. The mixer has the ability to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the winding of the electromagnet.

The disadvantages of these devices include inefficient vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber due to the geometry of the bellows strictly cylindrical in shape, as well as inhomogeneous amplitude values of displacements decreasing from the place of force acting to the fixation point of the bellows, in each individual section of the bellows, as a result of which the fluctuations from the place of force impact to the place of fixation of the bellows will have a damping nature, which This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of vibration effects on the concrete mixture in the lower part of the mixing chamber.

The technical result consists in realizing the possibility of creating throughout the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the mixed components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure with multidirectional vibrations, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, with a simultaneous uniform amplitude distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber and qualitative intensification of the mixing process of these components in general.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows of materials, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a housing and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, with an excitation drive from the crank mechanism, the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming in section a vertical plane about the points of the corrugation vertices a truncated circle, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which, in the center in the horizontal plane, a disk with a guide rack is rigidly fixed, the function of which is to create a stable directed translational movement of the rod from the translational pair formed by the guide rack of the bottom of the mixing chamber and the rod , a crank mechanism, and a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the glass, to the center of the upper inner part of which the rod is rigidly fixed, and to the center of the upper external part - the pusher, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the metal corrugated shell and made with the function of exciting vibrations of the upper part of the vibrator body . Moreover, four protrusions are symmetrically fixed along the outer cylindrical part of the glass, the function of which is to transfer the reciprocating motion to the disk, made with the possibility of uniform distribution of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, the moment of compression of the spring all the way into the rubber gaskets made with the function of softening the collision of the protrusions with the disk.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 presents a diagram of a vibration mixer; figure 2 is an enlarged diagram of a vibrator of a vibration mixer.

The vibration mixer comprises a mixing chamber 1 with loading and unloading windows 3 of materials 3, respectively, a rotor 4 with a rotation drive 5, made with blades 6, 7, a vibrator 8, made with a housing 9 and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, with an excitation drive from the crank mechanism 10. The housing 9 of the vibrator 8 is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a section truncated about circularity, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which, in the center in the horizontal plane, a disk 11 with a guide rack 12 is rigidly fixed, the function of which is to create a stable directed translational movement of the rod 13 from the translational pair formed by the guide rack 14 of the bottom of the mixing chamber 1 and the rod 13, the crank mechanism 10, and the cylindrical protrusion 15, made with the possibility of insertion and fastening along the inner diameter of the spring 16 installed with fu a free compression / decompression in the cup 17, to the center of the upper inner part of which the rod 13 is rigidly fixed, and to the center of the upper outer part - the pusher 18, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the metal corrugated shell and made with the function of exciting vibrations of the upper part of the body 9 of the vibrator 8. Moreover, on the outer cylindrical part of the glass 17 four protrusions 19 are symmetrically fixed, the function of which is to transfer the reciprocating motion to the disk 11, made with the possibility of homogeneous distribution of the vibration field from top to bottom of the housing 9 by creating homogeneous amplitude values of displacement of each point of the metal forming the corrugated outer shell, in the moment of compression spring 16 until abutment against the rubber gasket 20, adapted to function to mitigate collisions protrusions 19 with the disk 11.

The device operates as follows: first, the components of the concrete mixture, the composition of which is preliminarily selected, are loaded through the loading window 2 in layers into the mixing chamber 1 in the following sequence: sand is laid on the bottom of the mixer, then cement, after which crushed stone, lastly, is uniformly fed to the entire load the required amount of water. Then the drive of the vibrator 8 and the drive 5 of the rotation of the rotor 4 with the blades 6, 7 are turned on. The drive 5 rotates the rotor 4 and the blades 6, 7, thereby mixing the prepared mixture. The pusher 18 through the cup 17 of the spring 16 and the rod 13 by means of a crank mechanism 10 performs reciprocating movements, thereby exciting the oscillations of the upper part of the housing 9, made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a section along the points peaks. corrugation a truncated circle. At the same time, when the spring 16 is compressed into the rubber pads 20 of the disk 11, the protrusions 19 transmit reciprocating motion to the disk 11, which thereby additionally excites vibrations of the middle part of the housing 9 and creates a uniform distribution of the amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell . After a specified time, the drive 5 of the rotor 4 and the drive of the crank mechanism 10 are turned off and the finished concrete mixture is discharged through the window 3 of the mixer housing 1.

In general, the device provides the possibility of creating the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the mixed components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure with multidirectional vibrations, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, with a simultaneous uniform amplitude distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber and high-quality intensification of the mixing process of these components. This is due to the fact that, firstly, the vibrator body, made in the form of a metal spherical corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming a truncated circle in the cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, and configured to create multidirectional vibrations, allows on the one hand, to realize the possibility of creating the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the mixed components of the concrete mixture of vibration exposure, completely eliminating the presence of in the mixing chamber of the “dead” zones, and on the other hand, to exclude the vibration effect on the vibrator drive, to maximally protect the bearing assemblies of the vibrator drive from the ingress of small particles of mixed materials, and also to realize the possibility of the complete transfer of the “useful” vibration effect to the processed material. Secondly, the implementation in the design of the vibrator of the mechanism, which includes: a pusher, a glass with protrusions, a spring, a rod of the crank mechanism and a disk with rubber gaskets, ensures the creation of uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, thereby allowing to carry out a uniform distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber and high-quality intensification of the process of mixing the components of the mixture. And thirdly, the design of the mixer allows one to realize an increase in productivity, lower energy consumption for the mixing process, increased mobility and turbulization of the mixture due to uniform thixotropic destruction of the material structure in the entire space of the mixing chamber, which is manifested in a decrease in the specific resistance to movement of the blade in the concrete mixture compared with specific resistance to the movement of the blade of non-destroyed material. In this regard, the resistance to movement of the blades and the power consumption of the rotor rotation drive are reduced. At the same time, the effect of boiling of the mixture under the influence of oscillatory processes of the vibrator body, greater turbulization and more intensive circulation of the particles of the mixture is achieved, as a result of which the mixing time is reduced, the mixer productivity is increased.

Claims (1)

A vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with material loading and unloading windows, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive made with blades, a vibrator made with a housing and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber, with an excitation drive from the crank mechanism, characterized in that the vibrator body is made in the form of a metal corrugated shell, which is a corrugated thin-walled body of revolution, forming in the cross section of a vertical plane along the points of the corrugation vertices at cross-section, and made with the ability to create multidirectional vibrations, inside of which, in the center in the horizontal plane, a disk with a guide rack is rigidly fixed, the function of which is to create a stable directional translational movement of the rod from the translational pair formed by the guide rack of the bottom of the mixing chamber and the rod, crank mechanism, and a cylindrical protrusion made with the possibility of insertion and fixing along the inner diameter of the spring installed with the function her free compression / decompression in a glass, to the center of the upper inner part of which the rod is rigidly fixed, and to the center of the upper external part - the pusher, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner upper part of the metal corrugated shell and made with the function of exciting vibrations of the upper part of the vibrator body, and on the outer cylindrical part of the glass four protrusions are symmetrically fixed, the function of which is the transfer of reciprocating motion to the disk, made with the possibility of uniform distribution of the vibration field from the upper to the lower part of the housing by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shell, at the time of compression of the spring against the stop in rubber gaskets made with the function of softening the collision of the protrusions with the disk.

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