RU2560399C1 - Vibration mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to continuous-operation vibration mixers to be used in production of construction materials and construction for fabrication of polydisperse multicomponent materials. Said mixer comprises mixing chamber with material loading and discharge openings, vaned rotor and vaned rotor drive. Vibrators are rigidly secured at the centre of mixing chamber top and bottom parts. Vibrator case inside has discs with guide props rigidly secured at horizontal plane centre. Discs of top and bottom vibrators have cylindrical ledges. Disc ledges are intended for fitting springs fitted in said barrels and securing them over their ID. Rods are rigidly secured to barrel inner part centres. Pushers are secured to the centre of outside parts, their opposite ends being secured to inner parts to make the smallest crimps. Four ledges are secured in symmetry to barrels outer cylindrical surfaces. Cases of vibrators are composed of metallic corrugated shells that form truncated circles in vertical plane section over crimp peaks points. The spring is arranged between top and bottom vibrator cases.

EFFECT: creation of two different-frequency vibrating fields, each complying with corrugated body shape, over the mixer entire volume to be plied to mix components.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing concrete mixture and can be used in the construction materials industry, in construction and other areas of the construction industry for the production of multicomponent mixtures.

Currently, one of the urgent aspects of the development of the construction industry is monolithic construction, an important role in which is given to the preparation of concrete mixtures at the initial stage of production. Analysis of various sources makes it possible to detect the diversity of existing industrial concrete mixing machines implemented on the basis of machining in order to obtain high-quality concrete mixtures, i.e. getting them as homogeneous in composition as possible. The latter, in particular, makes it possible to single out the method of vibration processing of concrete mixtures, tested in time and in many scientific works, both in a single case and in conjunction with conventional mechanical activation.

The prior art various devices that are implemented on this basis. For example, a rotary vibration mixer with a ring magnetostrictive transducer is known (Patent RU 2318586 C2, 03/10/2008, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator, characterized in that the vibrator is made in the form emitting high-frequency vibrations of the pipe with the disk and is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber.

The main disadvantage of this mixer is the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber.

Also known is a rotary mixer with a mechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2297274 C1, 04.20.2007, B01F 11/00), comprising a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of disk springs with rubber shock absorbers, and rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has a crank mechanism, with the help of which the Belleville springs excite particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. In the mixer, it is possible to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the speed of the drive of the crank mechanism.

The main disadvantages of this mixer include significant energy costs for the deformation of Belleville springs, a high percentage of wear of rubber shock absorbers, as well as insufficiently effective thixotropic destruction (dilution) of the material structure due to the excitation of vibrations of a strictly horizontal direction in the concrete mixture.

The prior art also knows a rotary mixer with an electromechanical vibration exciter (Patent RU 2292943 C1, 02/10/2007, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber, a rotor with a rotary drive, made with blades, a vibrator made in the form of a bellows with a disk, is rigidly fixed in the middle of the mixing chamber. The vibrator has an electromagnet, with the help of which the bellows excites particle vibrations in the horizontal direction. The mixer has the ability to adjust the intensity of the vibration by changing the frequency of the alternating current supplied to the winding of the electromagnet.

The disadvantages of this device include the ineffective vibrational study of the mixture or its complete absence in the upper corner (“deaf”) zones of the mixing chamber due to the geometry of the bellows strictly cylindrical in shape, as well as inhomogeneous amplitude values of movements decreasing from the place of force acting to the fixation point of the bellows , in each individual section of the bellows, as a result of which the fluctuations from the place of force impact to the place of fixation of the bellows will have a damping nature, which dit reduce the effectiveness of vibratory impacts onto the concrete at the bottom of the mixing chamber.

The closest analogs are vibration mixers (Patent RU 2494795 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494796 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494797 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494798 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494799 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494800 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494801 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494802 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494803 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494804 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494805 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2494862 C1, 10/10/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2495710 C1, 10/20/2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496562 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11 / 00; Patent RU 2496563 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496564 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496565 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; patent RU 2496566 C2, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496567 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496568 C1, 10.27.2013, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2496569 C1, 10.27.2013 B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497665 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497666 C1, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00; Patent RU 2497667 C2, 11/10/2013, B28C 5/16, B01F 11/00) containing a mixing chamber with material loading and unloading windows and a rotor with blades. In the lower or lower and upper parts of the mixing chambers in the center, one or two vibrators are rigidly fixed, made in the bodies, with the excitation of vibration fields by means of the lower or lower and upper crank mechanisms. In this case, the vibrator bodies are made in the form of corrugated metal shells with different geometry of the bodies of revolution.

However, the main drawback of mixer designs is the lack of providing a combination of essential features of these devices with a new property, which consists in creating a vibration field or vibration fields corresponding to or individually shaped corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in cross section of a vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices .

The technical result consists in expanding the arsenal of technical means and ensuring the achievement of new properties by the claimed objects. That is, it is realized that it is possible to create two vibrational fields of different frequency in the concrete chamber of the concrete mixture to be mixed into the mixed components, each of which corresponds in shape to a corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in a section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugations, while the ability to create the effect of superimposing data of vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber, providing the possibility of creating an aggregate frequency vibrational field corresponding to a spiral-helical form with the formation of a dynamic effect of the imposition of these vibrational fields, and with the simultaneous formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional vibrations, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, additional vibrational influences on the components being mixed, and a uniform amplitude distribution of each vibration field in the mixing chamber and high-quality intensification of the mixing process of these components as a whole.

The technical result is achieved in that a vibration mixer comprising a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows of materials, respectively, a rotor with a rotation drive, made with blades. In the lower and upper parts of the mixing chamber in the center, two, lower and upper vibrators are rigidly fixed, made in corrugated bodies, with excitation of vibrations by means of the lower and upper crank mechanisms, respectively, and with the function of creating the effect of superimposing vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber from the lower and top vibrators respectively. Discs with guide racks are rigidly fixed inside each of the housings in the center in a horizontal plane, the function of which is to create stable directed translational movements of the rods from the translational pair formed by the guide strut of the lower part of the mixing chamber and the rod of the lower vibrator of the lower crank mechanism, and from the translational pair formed by the guide rack of the upper part of the mixing chamber, the guide rack of the drive for rotating the blades and the rod of the upper vibrator of the crank mechanism, respectively. Moreover, the disks of the lower and upper vibrators are made with cylindrical protrusions, the function of which is the possibility of inserting and fixing along the inner diameter of the springs installed with the function of free compression / expansion in the cups, the rods are rigidly fixed to the centers of the internal parts, the pushers are rigidly to the center of the external parts fixed at the other end to the internal parts forming the smallest of the corrugations of the housings, and configured to excite vibrations from the smallest of the corrugations of the vibrators. In this case, four protrusions are symmetrically fixed on the outer cylindrical parts of the glasses, the function of which is the transfer of reciprocating movements to disks made with the possibility of uniform distribution of vibration fields from the smallest corrugations of the bodies to the places of fixing the bodies by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the external components corrugated bodies, at the time of compression of the springs all the way into the rubber gaskets made with the function of softening the collision of the protrusions with disks. The cases of the vibrators are made in the form of identical metal corrugated shells, which are corrugated thin-walled bodies of revolution, forming truncated isosceles triangles in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two vibration fields of the same amplitude and different frequency, each of which corresponds to in the form of a corrugated contour of these bodies of revolution, with multidirectional vibrations. Moreover, between the bodies of the lower and upper vibrators along the diameters of the depressions formed by the smallest corrugations of the metal corrugated shells of the lower and upper bodies of the vibrators, a spring is fixed in the center, the function of which is to create a combined two-frequency vibration field corresponding to the spiral-helical shape of the spring with the formation of a dynamic effect data of vibration fields, and additional vibration effects on the components to be mixed from the upper and lower cases of the vibrators, respectively of course.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 presents a diagram of a vibration mixer; figure 2 is an enlarged diagram of the lower vibrator of the vibration mixer; figure 3 is an enlarged diagram of the upper vibrator of the vibration mixer; figure 4 is an enlarged diagram of the installation of the spring, mounted between the upper and lower bodies of the vibrators.

The vibrating mixer comprises a mixing chamber 1 with loading and unloading windows 3 of materials 3, respectively, a rotor 4 with a rotation drive 5, made with blades 6, 7, 8. In the lower and upper parts of the mixing chamber 1, two, lower 9 and upper are rigidly fixed in the center 10, vibrators, made in corrugated bodies 11, 12, with excitation of vibrations by means of the lower 13 and upper 14 crank mechanisms, respectively, and with the function of creating the effect of superimposing vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber from the lower 9 and upper 10 vibrations radiators, respectively. Inside each of the housings 11, 12, disks 15, 16 with guide racks 17, 18 are rigidly fixed centrally in the horizontal plane, the function of which is to create stable directed translational movements of the rods 19, 20 from the translational pair formed by the guide strut 21 of the lower part of the mixing chamber 1 and the rod 19 of the lower 9 vibrator of the lower 13 crank mechanism, and from the translational pair formed by the guide strut 22 of the upper part of the mixing chamber 1, the guide strut 23 of the blade rotation drive 5 and the rod Upper 10 m 20 upper vibrator 14 of the crank mechanism, respectively. Moreover, the disks 15, 16 of the lower 9 and upper 10 of the vibrators are made with cylindrical protrusions 24, 25, the function of which is the ability to insert and fix the inner diameter of the springs 26, 27, installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the cups 28, 29, to the centers the internal parts of which the rods 19, 20 are rigidly fixed, to the center of the external parts are the pushers 30, 31, rigidly fixed at the other end to the internal parts forming the smallest of the corrugations of the bodies 11, 12 and made with the function of exciting vibrations from the smallest of the corrugations of the bodies 1 1, 12 vibrators 9, 10. Moreover, on the outer cylindrical parts of the glasses 28, 29 four protrusions 32, 33 are symmetrically fixed, the function of which is the transfer of reciprocating movements to the disks 15, 16, made with the possibility of uniform distribution of vibration fields from the smallest from the corrugations of the housings 11, 12 to the places of fastening of the housings 11, 12 by creating uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the external components of the metal corrugated shells, at the moment of compression of the springs 26, 27 until they stop in the rubber gaskets 34, 35, made with the function of softening the collision of the protrusions 32, 33 with the disks 15, 16. The bodies 11, 12 of the vibrators 9, 10 are made in the form of identical metal corrugated shells, which are corrugated thin-walled bodies of revolution forming in the vertical section along the points of the vertices corrugations are truncated isosceles triangles, and made with the possibility of creating two vibrational fields of the same amplitude and different frequency, each of which corresponds in shape to the corrugated contour of these bodies of revolution, with p znonapravlennymi fluctuations. Moreover, between the cases 11, 12 of the lower 9 and the top 10 of the vibrators according to the diameters of the depressions formed by the smallest corrugations of the metal corrugated shells of the lower 11 and the upper 12 of the cases of the vibrators 9,10, a spring 36 is fixed in the center, the function of which is to create a combined two-frequency vibration field corresponding to spiral-helical shape of the spring 36 with the formation of the dynamization of the effect of the imposition of these vibration fields, and additional vibration effects on the mixed components from the upper 12 and lower 11 housing o vibrators 9, 10, respectively.

The device operates as follows: first, the components of the concrete mixture, the composition of which is preliminarily selected, are loaded through the loading window 2 in layers into the mixing chamber 1 in the following sequence: sand is laid on the bottom of the mixer, then cement, after which crushed stone, lastly, is uniformly fed to the entire load the required amount of water. Then the vibrator drives 9, 10 and the rotor drive 5 of the rotor 4 with the blades 6, 7, 8 are turned on. The drive 5 rotates the rotor 4 and the blades 6, 7, 8, thereby mixing the prepared mixture. Pushers 30, 31 through the cups 28, 29 of the springs 26, 27 and rods 19, 20 by means of the lower 13 and upper 14 of the crank mechanisms make reciprocating movements, thereby exciting vibrations of part of the housings 11, 12, forming the smallest corrugated metal corrugated shell. Moreover, at the time of compression of the springs 26, 27 against the stop in the rubber gaskets 34, 35 of the disks 15, 16, the protrusions 32, 33 transmit reciprocating motion to the disks 15, 16, which thereby additionally excite vibrations of the middle part of the housings 11, 12 and create homogeneous distribution of the amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the external generators of the metal corrugated shells. Moreover, the spring 36, fixed along the diameters of the depressions formed by the smallest corrugations of the metal corrugated shells of the lower 11 and upper 12 of the vibrator bodies 9, 10, and installed between the bodies 11, 12 of the lower 9 and upper 10 vibrators, performs additional vibrational effects on the mixed components from the upper 12 and lower 11 of the vibrator bodies 9, 10, respectively. After a predetermined time, the drive 5 of the rotor 4 and the drives of the crank mechanisms 13, 14 are turned off and the finished concrete mixture is unloaded through the window 3 of the mixer housing 1.

In general, the device provides the possibility of creating the entire volume of the mixer chamber onto the mixed components of the concrete mixture of two vibrational fields of different frequency, each of which corresponds in shape to the corrugated contour of a three-dimensional body of revolution, forming a truncated isosceles triangle in cross section of the vertical plane at the points of the corrugation vertices, with the simultaneous possibility of creating the effect of superimposing data of vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber, providing the possibility of creating together of a two-frequency vibrational field corresponding to a spiral-helical form with the formation of a dynamic effect of the superposition of these vibrational fields, and with the simultaneous formation of multidirectional vibrations in the two-frequency range, completely eliminating the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, additional vibrational effects on the components to be mixed, and a uniform amplitude distribution each vibration field in the mixing chamber and high-quality intensification of the process of mixing these components in th. This is due to the fact that, firstly, the case of the vibrators, made in the form of metal corrugated shells, which are corrugated thin-walled bodies of revolution, forming truncated isosceles triangles in the vertical plane section along the points of the corrugation vertices, and made with the possibility of creating two identical in amplitude and vibration frequency fields of different frequencies, each of which corresponds in shape to the corrugated contour of these bodies of revolution, with multidirectional vibrations, allow, on the one hand, to realize the possibility of creating a vibrational impact across the entire volume of the mixer chamber on the mixed components of the concrete mixture, which completely eliminates the presence of “dead” zones in the mixing chamber, and on the other hand, eliminates vibration effects on the vibrator drives, maximally protect the bearing assemblies of the vibrator drive from getting into them small particles of mixed materials, as well as realize the possibility of the complete transfer of “beneficial” vibrational effects to the processed material. Secondly, the implementation in the design of the mixer of two vibrators, between which a spring is installed in the center and each of which includes: a pusher, a cup with protrusions, a spring, a rod of the crank mechanism and a disk with rubber gaskets, provides the possibility of creating the effect of superimposing these vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber with the simultaneous formation in the two-frequency range of multidirectional vibrations and the creation of the possibility through the Central spring of the total two-frequency vibrational I, corresponding to the spiral-helical shape of the central spring with the formation of a dynamic effect of the imposition of these vibration fields, and additional vibrational effects on the mixed components from the upper and lower bodies of the vibrators, respectively, of the uniform amplitude values of the displacements of each point of the outer generatrix of the metal corrugated shells, thereby distribution of the vibration field in the mixing chamber, allows to realize high-quality intensification of the process ca stirring the mixture at the multifrequency vibrating components, consisting in the simultaneous action on a concrete mixture of two or more oscillation frequencies, and allows for the superposed curves oscillations increase the velocity of the particle mixture, which in turn improves vibration efficiency. Multi-frequency vibration, based on the fact that each grain size corresponds to its own vibration frequency, can be considered as a means of influencing the largest number of grains, i.e. the intensity of multi-frequency vibrations is higher than the intensity of each of its constituent vibrations, thereby reducing the mixing cycle of concrete mixtures. And, thirdly, the design of the mixer allows for an increase in productivity, lower energy consumption for the mixing process, increased mobility and turbulization of the mixture, due to the uniform thixotropic destruction of the material structure in the entire space of the mixing chamber, manifested in a decrease in the specific resistance to movement of the blade in the concrete mixture compared with specific resistance to the movement of the blade of non-destroyed material. In this regard, the resistance to movement of the blades and the power consumption of the rotor rotation drive are reduced. At the same time, the effect of mixture boiling under the influence of vibrational processes of the vibrator bodies, greater turbulization and more intensive circulation of the mixture particles is achieved, as a result of which the mixing time is reduced and the mixer productivity is increased.

The claimed invention exhibits new properties not known in the art. The essential features are technical in nature and are identifiable. The set of essential features of the claimed device is necessary and sufficient to obtain the required technical result. The claimed combination of features provides an unexpected, unusual ultramodern technical result that exceeds the technical result obtained from each significant feature separately in relation to objects of the specified purpose. The inventive object provides a change in the prior art by non-obvious means, gives the objects new positive properties, satisfies long-term demand and increases the competitiveness of the patented object. Between the essential features of the claimed decision and the achieved technical result, there is a causal relationship. The set of essential features of the proposed solution provides a new unusual principle of operation of objects, which is as effective as possible for objects of this purpose.

Claims (1)

1. A vibrating mixer comprising a mixing chamber with loading and unloading windows, respectively, a rotor with a rotary drive made with blades, in the lower and upper parts of the mixing chamber in the center two, lower and upper, vibrators made in corrugated cases are rigidly fixed, with excitation of vibrations by means of the lower and upper crank mechanisms, respectively, and with the function of creating the effect of applying vibration fields in the center of the mixing chamber from the lower and upper vibrators, respectively Specifically, inside each of the housings, in the center in a horizontal plane, disks with guide racks are rigidly fixed, the function of which is to create stable directed translational movements of the rods from the translational pair formed by the guide strut of the lower part of the mixing chamber and the rod of the lower vibrator of the lower crank mechanism, and from translational pair formed by the guide rack of the upper part of the mixing chamber, the guide rack of the drive rotation of the blades and the rod of the upper vibrator the upper crank mechanism, respectively, and the lower and upper vibrator disks are made with cylindrical protrusions, the function of which is the ability to insert and fix along the inner diameter of the springs installed with the function of free compression / decompression in the cups, to the centers of the inner parts of which the rods are rigidly fixed, to the center of the outer parts - pushers, rigidly fixed with the other end to the inner parts, forming the smallest of corrugations of the buildings, and made with the function of excitation of vibrations from n the four corrugations of the vibrator bodies, while on the outer cylindrical parts of the glasses four protrusions are symmetrically fixed, the function of which is the transfer of reciprocating movements to the disks made with the possibility of uniform distribution of vibration fields from the smallest of the corrugations of the bodies to the fixing points of the bodies by creating uniform amplitude the values of the displacements of each point of the external components of the corrugated bodies, at the time of compression of the springs all the way into the rubber gaskets made with f the function of mitigating the collision of protrusions with disks, characterized in that the vibrator bodies are made in the form of identical metal corrugated shells, which are corrugated thin-walled bodies of revolution, forming truncated isosceles triangles in a section of the vertical plane along the points of the corrugations, and made with the possibility of creating two identical in amplitude and vibrational fields of different frequencies, each of which corresponds in shape to the corrugated contour of these bodies of revolution, with different directions vibrations, and between the lower and upper vibrator bodies along the diameters of the depressions formed by the smallest corrugated metal corrugated shells of the lower and upper vibrator bodies, a spring is fixed in the center, the function of which is to create a combined two-frequency vibration field corresponding to a spiral-helical spring shape with the formation of dynamization the effect of superimposing these vibration fields, and additional vibration effects on the mixed components from the upper and lower housing vibrators, respectively.

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