RU2544030C2 - High-speed vessel step from polymer composites - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ship building, particularly to high-speed boats made of polymer composites. This crosswise hollow step is made of polymer composite comprises outer skin and damping elements composed by at least one plate (horizontally arranged diaphragm) located inside the step between skins of the vessel and step to connect vertical lengthwise diaphragms in height decreasing to vessel fore. Note here that lengthwise diaphragms on top and bottom sides of damping elements are shifted in crosswise direction relative to each other. Lengthwise diaphragms and sidewall with skin and damping elements are glued together with the help of thrust foam plastic to be secured to the skin and damping elements and covered by one or several plies of reinforcing material. Vulcanising-on angle-pieces are welded on step sidewalls and step skin. Step cavities arranged one above the other in one or two lengthwise cross-sections of the vessel (relative to ship centreline plane) are filled with high-density foam plastic.

EFFECT: decreased shock loads, lower drag on rough sea.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and for the construction of redans of high-speed vessels made of polymer composite materials (PCM).

Known redan of a high-speed vessel made of a metal alloy and containing a bottom sheathing with a transverse hollow redan including longitudinal diaphragms connected to the outer sheath of the redan, made in the form of beams of a tee or bulb profile, with a decrease in the height of the diaphragms to the bow of the vessel. Redan is equipped with shock-absorbing elements in the form of at least one plate located in the cavity of the redan between the skin of the vessel and the redan. At the same time, the sheathing of the redan and the vessel, as well as the shock-absorbing elements are interconnected by longitudinal diaphragms, and the diaphragms on the upper and lower sides of the shock-absorbing elements are displaced relative to each other in the transverse direction (USSR - copyright certificate 663620, 1979, bulletin No. 19, USA - patent No. 3547064, class 114-66.5, 1970, RF - patent No. 2457974, 2012 - prototype). The disadvantages of their constructive solutions are:

- the negative consequences of the construction of the metal redan in the manufacture of the hull of the ship from PCM, consisting in increasing the material consumption and cost of the vessel;

- an increased level of rigidity of the metal redan, which does not allow to fully reduce the external loads on the hull structure caused by shocks of sea waves, and the relatively low shock absorption of such strokes by the redan;

- reduced level of comfort of vessels containing such redans;

- a high level of material consumption of the design of both the metal redan and the body as a whole;

- a high level of operating costs in the repair and maintenance of metal structures;

- a large increase in water resistance to the movement of the vessel when the hull hits the sea waves in the region of the metal redan and, as a result, a decrease in the speed of the vessel.

The task of the invention is to remedy these shortcomings and reduce their negative effects mentioned above.

To achieve the specified technical result, the following solutions are proposed. Redan is made from PCM (mainly from organoplastics or fiberglass). The connection of longitudinal diaphragms with sheathing and shock-absorbing elements in the form of plates is made on glue using foam support elements, which are also glued to the sheathing, shock-absorbing elements and are molded with one or more layers of reinforcing material. On the side walls of the redan from its outer side, shaping squares are additionally formed. Redan cavities located one above the other in one or two symmetrical longitudinal sections of the vessel (with respect to the diametrical plane of the vessel) are filled with high-density foam.

If the ship’s hull is made of PCM, the longitudinal diaphragms of the upper row are connected to the bottom sheathing of the hull with glue using foam support elements glued to it and molded with reinforcing material. In the manufacture of the ship’s hull from metal alloys, the first row of longitudinal diaphragms according to the first design is glued to the upper part of the redan shell made of PCM and fixed to the bottom of the ship using mechanical joints. In the second embodiment, the upper row of diaphragms is connected by glue to metal support elements provided with longitudinal grooves into which the upper parts of the diaphragms are glued.

In addition, redan is performed with bow intake valves and aft water outlet nozzles.

Shock absorbing plates made of low-modulus materials (for example, organoplastics or fiberglass) provide increased redan compliance under shock and increase the shock-absorbing effect. The proposed constructive solution makes it possible to produce individual redan elements (shock-absorbing plates, longitudinal diaphragms, side walls and casing) using technology that guarantees high quality construction (for example, RTM technology) and, accordingly, a high level of permissible stresses in the structure and its low material consumption.

The use of adhesive joints provides high adaptability of the redan design and low cost of its manufacture, and the use of foam support elements formed by reinforcing material ensures high reliability and serviceability of the joints. Filling adjacent to the sides of the redan cavities with high-density foam ensures the strength of the redan under the action of asymmetric (with respect to the vessel’s diametrical plane) hydrodynamic pressures on the side walls and the redan sheathing.

Nose intake valves and aft water outlet nozzles provide the creation of additional propulsive reactive thrust during impacts of redan against oncoming waves

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-5:

- bottom view on the bottom of the vessel with a redan installed on it (figure 1);

- rotated 90 ° section along aa, the location of which is indicated in figure 1 (figure 2),

- node I, indicated in figure 2 (figure 3),

- node II indicated in figure 2 (figure 4),

- node III, indicated in figure 2, corresponding to the execution of the body of a metal alloy, and redana - from PCM (figure 5).

The transverse hollow PCM redan is attached to the bottom of the vessel 1. To create additional propulsive jet thrust in the bow of the redan in its shell 2 water inlets are made, and the redan is equipped with bow intake valves 3 and aft water outlet nozzles 4. The outer contour of the redan also consists of side walls 5.

Redan contains shock-absorbing elements in the form of at least one plate 6 made of PCM and located in the cavity of the redan between the skin of the vessel and the redan. In this case, the redan sheathing, shock absorbing elements and the hull sheathing are interconnected by longitudinal diaphragms 7, the height of which decreases to the bow of the vessel. The diaphragms located on the upper and lower sides of the shock absorbing elements are offset from each other in the transverse direction.

Redan cavities located one above the other in one or two symmetrical longitudinal sections of the vessel (relative to the diametrical plane of the vessel) are filled with high density foam cores 8 and 9.

Tauri adhesive joints of the longitudinal diaphragms with shock absorbing elements, as well as with the skin of the vessel and redana, are made using supporting elements of foam 10 glued to the bottom skin and molded with reinforcing material, molded with reinforcing material 11. Corner adhesive joints of the side walls with redan sheathing are made using supporting elements 12 made of polystyrene foam molded with reinforcing material 13. On the side walls and the sheathing of the redan from the outside, additional moldings are formed flax 14.

In the manufacture of the ship’s hull from metal alloys, the upper row of longitudinal diaphragms, according to the second embodiment, is glued to metal supporting elements 15 provided with longitudinal grooves into which the upper parts of the diaphragms are glued.

The achievement of the technical result using the proposed options for the execution of the zygomatic keel is as follows.

During the course of the vessel and its impact interaction with the wave, the redan is substantially deformed due to the presence of a compliant element, and due to this, the shock is absorbed and the loads acting on the redan and the hull are reduced. In addition, due to a significant deformation of the redan, its height decreases (the redan's skin is approaching the hull's skin) and, consequently, the resistance of the water to the vessel’s movement decreases on a wave.

In the presence of nasal water intake valves and aft water outlet nozzles, deformation of the redan upon impact of the oncoming wave is accompanied by a significant decrease in the volume of the redan cavity located between the redan skin and the body skin, and water jets are ejected from this cavity through the water outlet nozzles. With such a discharge of water, a propulsive jet thrust is created, the creation of which is favored by the oncoming flow through the valves. In addition, the cushioning effect of redan increases, since part of the pulse action of the wave is not spent on the appearance of displacement velocities of the body as a rigid whole and elastic body, but on the acquisition of a pulse by the mass of water ejected from the nozzles.

Thus, the proposed design of the ship’s hull allows to reduce the loads acting on the hull structure caused by impacts of the hull in the redan area against sea waves, as well as to reduce the resistance of water to the movement of the vessel on waves, which distinguishes it from the prototype.

Claims (3)

1. Redan of a high-speed vessel, transverse hollow, containing the outer skin and shock absorbing elements in the form of at least one plate (horizontally located diaphragm) located in the redan cavity between the skin of the ship and redan, as well as vertical longitudinal diaphragms connecting them, whose height decreases to the bow of the vessel, and the longitudinal diaphragms on the upper and lower sides of the shock-absorbing elements are offset relative to each other in the transverse direction, characterized in that the redan is made of polymer of composite material, the connection of the longitudinal diaphragms and side walls with the casing and shock absorbing elements is carried out on the adhesive using foam support elements that are glued to the casing and shock absorbing elements and are molded with one or more layers of reinforcing material onto the side walls and the casing of the red on the outside additionally molded squares, redan cavities located one above the other in one or two symmetrical longitudinal sections of the vessel (along relative to the diametrical plane of the vessel), are filled with high density foam. 2. Redan of the high-speed vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal diaphragms of the upper row are connected to the bottom skin of the hull made of polymer composite materials of the hull using adhesive foam support elements glued to the bottom skin and molded with reinforcing material. 3. Redan of the high-speed vessel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains bow intake valves and aft water outlet nozzles to create additional propulsive jet thrust when it hits the oncoming waves.

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