KR101181799B1 - Rudder for ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A rudder for a ship is provided to prevent damage by absorbing impact getting from cavitation under a high water pressure and to improve abrasion resistance by reducing hydrodynamic friction loss. CONSTITUTION: A rudder for a ship comprises an upper rudder plate(100), a lower rudder plate, a horizontal member, an impact absorbing member, a side member(500), and an upper rotating shaft(600). The upper rudder is formed into a shape of a flat plate to have a streamlined flat cross section. An upper metal plate is inserted and coupled to the inner front side of the upper rudder plate. A lower metal plate is inserted and coupled to the inner front side of the lower rudder plate, and a lower rotating shaft downwardly projected is formed at the bottom of the lower metal plat to be rotatably installed in a rudder. The horizontal member is arranged between the upper rudder plate and the lower rudder plate. The impact absorbing member is charged in the upper and lower parts of the horizontal member arranged between the upper rudder plate and the lower rudder plate. The side member surrounds the exposed side surface of the horizontal member and the impact absorbing member between the upper rudder plate and the lower rudder plate. The upper metal plate and the upper coupling plate are coupled by bolts because the top of the upper rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the rudder horn and an upper coupling plate corresponding to the upper metal plate is formed at the bottom.

Description

Rudder for ships {RUDDER FOR SHIP}

The present invention relates to a ship rudder for adjusting the traveling direction of the ship is installed in the rear of the propeller to rotate for the propulsion of the ship.

In general, the ship transfers the power generated from the engine to the propeller provided at the rear of the ship in the state of floating on the sea or river, the ship moves forward or backward with the propulsion generated by the rotation of the propeller. At this time, the ship rudder is provided as a rudder which is installed at the rear of the propeller to determine the direction of the ship by changing the direction of the propulsion force generated in the propeller.

Such a ship rudder 10 is typically rotatably provided in the tahorn 20 formed at the rear of the hull 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The ship rudder 10 is formed in a streamlined form so that the upper rotating shaft 11 is fastened to the other horn 20 connected to the steering means and is rotatably installed. Accordingly, when the steering means is operated, the ship rudder 10 rotates about the rotary shaft 11 engaged with the tahorn 20 to change the traveling direction of the ship. The ship rudder 10 is installed at the rear of the propeller 30 to adjust the direction of the ship while the forward and reverse rotation of the propulsion force generated in the propeller 30 about the rotation axis (11).

In the case of the ship rudder 10 is configured as described above is usually produced by a method such as welding the steel sheet. That is, the ship rudder 10 is a high water pressure and external impact occurs during the propulsion of the ship is required to overcome the mechanical strength of a certain level or more, and to use a metal material to withstand this sufficiently. However, in the case of the rudder 10 for ships of such a metal material, the weight due to its own weight is large, and thus, a large amount of force is required for the operation, and there is a problem that it is easily oxidized and corroded together with the risk of breakage due to poor welding.

In order to solve this problem, technologies described in the following patent document regarding the rudder 10 for ships made of fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) without the risk of low weight, high strength and oxidation and corrosion have been in the spotlight.

However, in the case of the ship rudder 10 made of FRP only, the risk of low weight, high strength and oxidation and corrosion disappeared, but the deformation of the warpage along the grain of the fiber occurs because the shock is not properly absorbed when rotating under external impact or high water pressure. The risk of breakage remains due to problems such as this, which causes a lot of changes in the internal configuration.

At this time, by inserting or filling a polyurethane foam or a metal core for improving the strength as an impact absorbing member to the inside of the FRP to solve the problem such as damage due to impact while reducing the weight.

However, when the rotating shaft 11 is used as one metal material along the longitudinal direction, the bonding force between the rotating shaft 11 and the FRP material or polyurethane foam is weakened by long use, so that the FRP material and the poly when the rotating shaft 11 is rotated. There is a problem in that the rotation shaft 11 rotates between urethane foams and loses its function as a ship rudder 10.

United States Patent Application Publication No. US2010 / 0269745 (2010.10.28) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-084916 (Jul. 10, 1981) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1996-0010452 (1996.04.20) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0074048 (2011.06.30)

An object of the present invention devised to solve the above problems is to use a FRP material, so as not to weaken the coupling force between the rotating shaft and the FRP material during rotation of the rotating shaft while increasing the coupling force between the components inserted and filled therein. It is to provide a rudder for ships that can ensure durability and realize lower weight and higher strength.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to achieve the above object, the ship rudder according to the present invention is rotatably installed in the other horn provided in the hull rear of the ship, in the ship rudder to adjust the direction of the hull, the flat section has a streamline It is formed in a shape, the upper rudder plate of the FRP material with the upper metal plate of the steel material is inserted into the front inside, and the flat section is formed in a flat shape so as to have a streamline, the lower metal plate of the steel material is inserted into the front inside A lower rotating shaft protruding downward is formed at the lower end of the lower metal plate, and the lower rudder plate of FRP material is rotatably installed on the other horn, and each flat section is formed in a flat shape so as to have a streamlined shape. A horizontal member of an FRP material spaced apart from above and below and disposed between the upper and lower rudder plates, and the upper and lower rudder plates Polyurethane foam shock absorbing member formed to fill the upper and lower portions of each horizontal member disposed between the plate, and laminated to surround the exposed side of the horizontal member and the impact absorbing member between the upper and lower rudder plate A side member of the FRP material and the upper end is rotatably installed on the other horn, and the upper coupling plate corresponding to the upper metal plate is formed at the lower end, the upper metal plate and the upper coupling plate including an upper rotary shaft of steel material bolted Is done.

In addition, the upper rudder plate is formed with an upper insertion groove at the front lower end, the lower rudder plate is formed with a lower insertion groove at the front upper end, the upper end is formed in a rod shape formed vertically through each horizontal member the upper end Inserted and coupled to the upper insertion groove of the rudder plate, characterized in that it further comprises a vertical reinforcing member inserted into the lower rudder plate.

The vertical reinforcing member may include a vertical inner member made of wood, and a vertical outer member made of FRP material laminated to surround the side surface of the vertical inner member.

In addition, the vertical reinforcing member, characterized in that the flat cross section has a rectangular pillar shape having a square.

The ship rudder according to the present invention, the upper rudder plate, the lower rudder plate and a plurality of horizontal members of the FRP material functions as a solid skeleton, and the shock absorbing member of the polyurethane foam fills the gap between each horizontal member to serve as a shock absorbing function. In addition, by multi-layer adhesion of the FRP to the side, even if subjected to cavitation shock under high water pressure to prevent damage through shock absorption, it is possible to improve the wear resistance by reducing hydrodynamic friction loss.

In particular, one rotary shaft of a conventional steel material is coupled through a bolt coupling between the lower metal plate inserted into the lower rudder plate and the lower rotary shaft and the upper metal plate inserted into the upper rudder plate and the upper coupling plate of the upper rotary shaft of the steel material. Unlike the upper and lower rotation shaft is divided into each, and the coupling between each rotation shaft is coupled through a separate insert coupled upper metal plate and the lower metal plate to prevent problems such as the appearance between the FRP material and the rotation of the upper rotation shaft In addition, each bond strength is not weakened and can ensure durability.

Furthermore, if the strength of the horizontal direction is improved through the upper rudder plate, the lower rudder plate and the plurality of horizontal members, the vertical strength can be improved by the vertical reinforcing members, and the vertical reinforcing members are the upper and lower rudder plates. Inserted into each insertion groove and coupled to the horizontal member at the same time can achieve a more robust coupling with each other.

1 is a side view showing a state in which a rudder for ships is installed on a general hull,
2 is a perspective view showing a general marine rudder,
3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a ship rudder according to the present invention,
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the embodiment of FIG. 3,
5 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the rudder for ships according to the present invention,
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B 'of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC ′ of the embodiment of FIG. 6.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the ship rudder according to the present invention.

The ship rudder according to the present invention, as shown in Figures 3 to 7 so as to be rotatably installed on the other horn 20 provided on the rear of the hull (1) of the ship to adjust the direction of the hull (1) As described above, the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, the horizontal member 300, the shock absorbing member 400, the side member 500 and the upper rotating shaft 600, and comprises a vertical reinforcement member 700 may further include.

3 to 6, the upper rudder plate 100 is formed in a flat plate shape so that the flat cross-section is made of FRP material having a streamlined shape, the upper metal plate 110 of the steel material is inserted into the front inside. The upper rudder plate 100 forms the upper end in the ship rudder of the present invention, and enhances the bonding force as the same FRP material in relation to the side member 500 to be described later. The front metal plate 110 of the steel material is inserted into the front inside the upper rudder plate 100, which is for coupling the upper coupling plate 610 and the bolt 620 of the upper rotary shaft 600 to be described later. That is, the upper rotation shaft 600 is a steel material as shown in Figures 3 to 6 the upper end is rotatably installed on the tahorn 20, the upper coupling plate 610 corresponding to the upper metal plate 110 at the lower end ) Is formed so that the upper metal plate 110 and the upper coupling plate 610 is bolted (620). The upper rudder plate 100 is formed of an FRP material using the upper metal plate 110 as an insert, which manufactures the upper rudder plate 100 in a state where the upper metal plate 110 is insert-coupled in advance for mass production.

3 to 6, the lower rudder plate 200 is also formed in a flat plate shape so that the flat section has a streamlined shape as the FRP material, the lower metal plate 210 of the steel material is inserted into the front inside, the lower A lower rotating shaft 220 protruding downward is formed at the lower end of the metal plate 210 so as to be rotatably installed in the tahorn 20. The lower rudder plate 200 forms a lower end in the ship rudder of the present invention, and also enhances the bonding force as the same FRP material in relation to the side member 500 to be described later. The lower rudder plate 200 also inserts the lower metal plate 210 having the lower rotating shaft 220 formed therein, and manufactures the lower rudder plate 200 in a state where the lower metal plate 210 is insert-coupled in advance for mass production. .

The reason for inserting the upper metal plate 110 of the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower metal plate 210 of the lower rudder plate 200 in advance is that when using a rotating shaft formed integrally with the upper and lower sides of a conventional steel material, This is because the rotating shaft of the steel material and the rudder body of the FRP material due to use has a problem in that the rotating shaft rotates in vain due to weakening of the mutually different materials, and thus does not properly perform the function of the ship rudder. At this time, the rotating shaft coupled to the tahon 20 has a high rotational friction, so it can not be manufactured in FRP material, but can only be used as a steel material. Therefore, in the rudder for ships of the present invention, the upper rotary plate 600 which separates the conventional rotary shaft into the upper rotary shaft 600 and the lower rotary shaft 220 but the separated upper rotary shaft 600 and the lower rotary shaft 220 form a rudder body. And the insert of the lower rudder plate 200 is to achieve a solid coupling through the upper metal plate 110 and the lower metal plate 210 of the combined steel material.

In the rudder for ships according to the present invention, together with the horizontal member 300, the shock absorbing member 400 and the side member 500 which is formed between the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate 200 forming a rudder body. Look at the vertical reinforcing member 700 in detail.

The horizontal member 300 is also formed as a flat plate so that each flat cross-section has a streamlined FRP material as shown in Figures 3 to 6, each is spaced up and down the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate A plurality is disposed between the 200. The number of horizontal members 300 is a matter to be determined according to the size of the rudder, at least two or more are arranged as shown in the figure to function as the inner skeleton of the rudder for ships. The horizontal member is disposed because only the shock absorbing member 400, which will be described later, cannot secure the overall strength of the rudder for the ship, but the FRP material can enhance the coupling force with the side member 500, which will be described later.

The shock absorbing member 400 is formed of a polyurethane foam material as shown in Figures 3 to 7 to the top and bottom of each horizontal member 300 disposed between the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate 200 It is formed to fill. Polyurethane foam, as is widely known, can be manufactured at a low weight such as heat insulating performance, waterproof effect, workability and construction property, and excellent adhesion to members and low density such as magnetic buoyancy. Moreover, it is urethane foam and has shock absorption by an external shock. The shock absorbing member 400 of the polyurethane foam is formed to fill the upper and lower portions of the horizontal member 300 has a shape of the overall rudder as shown in FIGS.

When the impact absorbing member 400 is formed in a relationship with the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, and the horizontal member 300, a separate foam may be formed and combined, but the upper rudder plate ( 100), the lower rudder plate 200 and the horizontal member 300 by inserting the polyurethane foam may be integrally formed by injection molding or injection filled in the fixed frame. This has the effect that the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, the horizontal member 300 and the shock absorbing member 400 is tightly coupled and compressed to enhance the firmness.

Side member 500 of the horizontal member 300 and the shock absorbing member 400 exposed between the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate 200 in the FRP material as shown in Figures 3 to 7 Laminated to surround the exposed side. Thus, the overall shape of the ship rudder according to the present invention is determined through the side member 500 together with the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, the horizontal member 300 and the shock absorbing member 400, The upper rotary shaft 600 is combined with the upper rudder plate 100 and the bolt 620 to complete the manufacture.

The FRP material, that is, the fiber reinforced composite material constituting the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, the horizontal member 300 and the side member 500 is a material having excellent weather resistance, water resistance, oil resistance and oxidation resistance, It is a composite material obtained by hardening a fibrous material such as glass fiber or carbon fiber by multilayer bonding with a resin. Not only can it be made lighter than steel, but it is also easy to manufacture and mechanical strength can be improved. In particular, the fiber-reinforced composite material can adjust the strength according to the type of the fiber material added to the polymer material, can be produced to about 1.6 specific gravity, there is an advantage that can be produced very lightweight compared to the steel material having a specific gravity of 7.85.

In addition, the material used as a fiber material for forming the fiber-reinforced composite materials include glass fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar fiber, boron fiber and aramid fiber, and the fiber material is spread without a certain direction according to its orientation It is divided into Non-Axial Type, Mono-Axial Type with One Direction, Biaxial Type with Two Direction, and Multi-Axial Type with more Direction. The fiber-reinforced composite material has different mechanical properties depending on the material and the orientation of each of the aforementioned fiber materials. In order to form the fiber-reinforced composite material, an unsaturated polyester resin is generally used as the resin for bonding the aforementioned fiber materials in multiple layers.

That is, by using a fiber-reinforced composite material having the above properties, it has a high strength, low weight and smooth surface, thereby minimizing frictional loss due to the flow of fluid. In particular, in the case of a rudder for ships according to the present invention, refrain from using steel materials as much as possible, and mainly use FRP and polyurethane foams, but the upper part of the upper rudder plate 100 to which the upper rotating shaft 600 and the lower rotating shaft 220 are coupled. While only the lower metal plate 210 of the metal plate 110 and the lower rudder plate 200 is used as a steel material, the bonding force may be strengthened and weight may be further reduced.

On the other hand, the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200 and the horizontal member 300 as described above has a stable result with respect to the strength in the horizontal direction. Of course, in the case of the rudder for ships, most of the stress is concentrated in the horizontal direction rather than the stress in the vertical direction, but it is necessary to consider the stress in the vertical direction in preparation for a sudden change in flow velocity or collision with other floating materials. For this purpose, the rudder for ships according to the present invention as shown in Figure 5 to 7 may further include a vertical reinforcing member (700). Simply placing the vertical reinforcing member 700 between the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate 200 is not meant to increase the weight, so the upper rudder plate 100 for improving the strength in the horizontal direction, In the relationship with the lower rudder plate 200 and the horizontal member 300, the vertical reinforcing member 700 is to be associated with the coupling.

That is, the upper rudder plate 100 has an upper insertion groove 120 formed at the front lower end, and the lower rudder plate 200 has a lower insertion groove 230 formed at the front upper end. At this time, the vertical reinforcing member 700 is a rod-shaped longitudinally extending through each horizontal member 300, the upper end is inserted and coupled to the upper insertion groove 120 of the upper rudder plate 100, the lower end Inserted into the lower rudder plate 200 is coupled. Accordingly, the vertical reinforcing member 700 is coupled with the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, and the horizontal member 300, respectively, to divide and divide the stresses generated when the stress in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction occurs. Can achieve a stronger bond.

The vertical reinforcing member 700 may be slightly increased in weight, but may be made of steel, or wood or synthetic resin. However, the vertical reinforcing member 700 may also be formed of FRP material in consideration of the coupling force between the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, and the horizontal member 300 of the FRP material, but the increase in cost thereof is also required. Can not be ignored. Thus, the vertical reinforcing member 700 may be composed of a vertical inner member 710 made of wood and a vertical outer member 720 of FRP material laminated to surround the side of the vertical inner member 710. That is, while the weight and cost are further reduced through the vertical inner member 710 made of wood, the vertical of the FRP material to increase the bonding force with the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200 and the horizontal member 300 The outer member 720 is laminated on the surface of the vertical inner member 710.

The shape of the vertical reinforcing member 700 has a rod shape, that is, a columnar shape, but the flat cross section may have a circular or other polygonal shape. However, as shown in FIG. 7, a vertical cross-section of the vertical reinforcing member 700 is formed in a rectangular pillar shape having a quadrangle to form a more stable coupling relationship, and constitute a vertical reinforcing member 700. It will be easier to manufacture the vertical outer member 720.

As described above, the ship rudder according to the present invention, the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200 and the plurality of horizontal members 300 of the FRP material functions as a solid skeleton, the shock absorbing member of the polyurethane foam 400 is filled between each of the horizontal members 300, the shock absorbing function, and the FRP back to the side by multi-layer adhesion, even if the shock by cavitation under high water pressure to prevent damage through shock absorption, hydrodynamic Wear resistance can be improved by reducing frictional losses.

In particular, the upper metal plate 110 and the upper rotary shaft 600 of the steel material is inserted into the upper rudder plate 100 separately from the lower metal plate 210 and the lower rotary shaft 220 is inserted into the lower rudder plate 200 Unlike one rotary shaft of the conventional steel material is coupled through the bolt 620 between the upper coupling plate 610, the rotary shaft is divided into upper and lower portions, respectively, in the coupling between the respective rotary shafts, the upper metal plate combined with a separate insert ( 110) and coupled through the lower metal plate 210 to prevent problems such as the appearance between the FRP material and the rotation of the upper rotary shaft 600, each bond strength is not weakened to ensure durability.

Furthermore, if the strength in the horizontal direction is improved through the upper rudder plate 100, the lower rudder plate 200, and the plurality of horizontal members 300, the strength in the vertical direction can be improved through the vertical reinforcement member 700. In addition, the vertical reinforcing member 700 is inserted into and coupled to the respective insertion grooves of the upper rudder plate 100 and the lower rudder plate 200, respectively, and is coupled to the horizontal member 300 to achieve a more firm coupling with each other.

The embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Accordingly, such improvements and modifications will fall within the scope of the present invention as long as they are obvious to those skilled in the art.

100: upper rudder plate
110: upper metal plate 120: upper insertion groove
200: lower rudder plate 210: lower metal plate
220: lower rotation shaft 230: lower insertion groove
300: horizontal member
400: shock absorbing member
500: side member
600: upper rotating shaft
610: upper coupling plate 620: bolt
700: vertical reinforcing member
710: vertical inner member 720: vertical outer member

Claims (4)

In the rudder for ships rotatably installed in the other horn provided on the rear of the ship hull, the direction of travel of the hull,
The upper rudder plate of the FRP material is formed in a flat plate shape so that the flat section has a streamlined shape, and the upper metal plate of the steel material is inserted into the front inside,
The flat section is formed in a flat plate shape to have a streamlined shape, the lower metal plate of the steel material is inserted in the front inside, the lower rotating shaft protruding downward is formed at the lower end of the lower metal plate is rotatably installed in the other horn Lower rudder plate of FRP material,
A horizontal member formed of a flat plate so that each flat cross section has a streamline shape, each of which is spaced up and down, and a plurality of horizontal members of the FRP material are disposed between the upper and lower rudder plates;
A shock absorbing member made of polyurethane foam material formed to fill up and down each of the horizontal members disposed between the upper and lower rudder plates;
A side member of the FRP material laminated to surround the exposed side of the horizontal member and the shock absorbing member between the upper rudder plate and the lower rudder plate;
An upper end is rotatably installed on the other horn, an upper coupling plate corresponding to the upper metal plate is formed at a lower end thereof, and includes an upper rotation shaft made of steel in which the upper metal plate and the upper coupling plate are bolted together.
The upper rudder plate is formed with an upper insertion groove at the front lower end,
The lower rudder plate is formed with a lower insertion groove in the front upper end,
It characterized in that it further comprises a vertical reinforcing member inserted into the upper insertion groove of the upper rudder plate, the lower end is inserted into the lower rudder plate in the form of a rod formed longitudinally through each horizontal member. Marine rudder.
delete The method of claim 1,
The vertical reinforcing member,
Vertical inner member made of wood,
A rudder for ships comprising a vertical outer member of FRP material laminated to surround the side of the vertical inner member.
The method of claim 1,
The vertical reinforcing member,
A rudder for ships, characterized in that the cross section has a square pillar shape having a square.

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