RU2542504C1 - Method of sanation of livestock premises in presence of animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in processing of the premises in the presence of animals with air-ozone mixture with ozone concentration of 1-3 mg/m³ with periodicity of 24 hours for 1.5-2 h. The mixture is prepared using an ozonator installed directly in the livestock premises.

EFFECT: invention enables to carry out effectively the sanitation of premises, to reduce labour intensity, and to increase the safety and productivity of animals.

5 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to veterinary sanitation, and can be used to reduce microbial contamination of livestock buildings and deodorize air in the presence of animals and the prevention of infectious diseases.

It is known that the air and internal surfaces of livestock buildings contain a significant amount of microflora, as well as gaseous substances, such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, etc., formed as a result of the vital activity of the animals themselves (birds) and microflora. Excessive content of microorganisms and pollutants in the premises significantly affects the incidence and productivity of animals. In this connection, there is an urgent need to find ways to disinfect livestock buildings in the presence of animals without violating technological regimes.

A known method of sanitation of livestock buildings (application for invention No. 2009114514), including indoor treatment with the disinfecting animals inside it and subsequent quality control of the treatment, is carried out with a wet combined two-stage treatment of the premises with the Anolyte preparation obtained in a STEL installation, with the total flow rate of anolyte 300-500 ml / m ² , and the first treatment is carried out by large-drop irrigation of the surfaces of the premises at a flow rate of 150-250 ml / m ² , and repeated volumetric treatment ku - by aerosol spraying of the drug at a level of 1.2-1.5 meters from the floor surface for 15-20 minutes at a flow rate of 50-100 ml / m ³ .

The disadvantage of this method is the significant labor and energy costs, increased humidity in the room, the use of several devices and a significant amount of disinfectant to achieve the goal, the absence of a deodorizing effect.

A known method of disinfection of air in the presence of animals and birds, as well as premises and equipment (US Pat. RF. 2130321). The method of disinfection of livestock facilities involves the use of aqueous solutions of the Bactericide preparation, containing, wt.%: Trimethyl octadecylammonium bromide - 60-80, ethanol - 15-35, water - up to 100. The method has high prophylactic effectiveness, reduces the incidence of calves and birds in 2.5 times.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to use more than 1 time per week, the danger of microorganisms getting used to the Quaternary ammonium compound, when using this method, ventilation was stopped during treatment, which contributed to the additional gas contamination of the room, it did not provide a deodorizing effect.

The closest in technical essence is the method and device for cleaning the air of livestock and poultry premises (US Pat. RF 2473213, prototype), providing for the processing of air with ozone. The method consists in the fact that the air is removed from the livestock building. Then the air is cooled and conditions are created for the formation of a water aerosol, after which the air is separated. Then it is heated to the required temperature and again served in the livestock building. The device contains a fan, cooler and air heater installed on the air flow line, and an ozonizer. In addition, an ejector and a separator are located on the air flow line, and one of the inlets of the ejector is connected to an ozonizer.

The disadvantage of this method is the energy-intensive multilevel method of purifying air from microorganisms, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other substances that pollute the air environment of the livestock building. In the event of a breakdown of one of the elements of the device, the cyclicity of the process is completely violated, and therefore, the impossibility of sanitizing the room.

The technical result is to simplify, cheapen and reduce the complexity of the process of reducing microbial contamination and deodorization of the environment of the livestock building in the presence of animals and the prevention of diseases in them.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of sanitizing livestock buildings in the presence of animals, including treating livestock buildings with an ozone-air mixture, according to the invention, the treatment is carried out with an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration of 1-3 mg / m ³ with a frequency of 24 hours for 1.5-2 hours , which is prepared using an ozonizer installed directly in the livestock building.

In preliminary experiments, it was found that ozone in a concentration of less than 1 mg / m in the air of a livestock building with a total microbial number (TBC) of more than 100 thousand / m ³ , an ammonia level of more than 20 mg / m ³ and hydrogen sulfide more than 10 mg / m ³ ineffective, because slightly affects the reduction of these parameters. The use of ozone in concentrations from 5 to 10 mg / m ³ allows you to reduce the value of TMP, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the air of the room with animals to regulated values within 30-60 minutes, however, side effects from the action of ozone in the form of general excitation, coughing were noted unsteady gait. The most optimal concentrations of ozone in the air of the room with animals were 1-3 mg / m ³ , it was at this concentration that the animals did not show any signs of toxicosis, and at the same time, the level of harmful components in the environment decreased to regulated values .

The effectiveness and applicability of the invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

Studies on the effect of ozone on the microbial background, the concentration of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the livestock building were carried out on the example of a pigsty-reproducer, in which sows with piglets were present. Ozone was obtained using eight portable electrozonators.

The results of the experiment are presented in tables 1-3, from which it can be seen that the rehabilitation of the pigsty with the sows and pigs in it using an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration in the air of the room within 1-3 mg / m ³ allows for 1 , 5-2 hours to reduce the level of pollution by microorganisms in 3.5-7.2 times, ammonia - 1.5-2.7 times, hydrogen sulfide - 1.4-2.6 times, bringing the values of these indicators to regulated. Within 1.5-2 hours of ozonation in sows and piglets, no negative changes in the clinical condition were noted. Organoleptically felt the freshness of the air.

Table 1 The effect of ozone in a concentration of 1 mg / m ³ on the sanitary indicators of the air of the pigsty Air sampling time, min OMC, thousand / m ³ NH ₃ , mg / m ³ H ₂ S, mg / m ³ Permissible value 70 fifteen 10 Background 337 twenty fifteen thirty 192 17 fourteen 60 127 fifteen 12 90 97 13 eleven 120 67 10 8 150 61 8 7 180 54 7 5

table 2 The effect of ozone in a concentration of 2 mg / m ³ on the sanitary indicators of the air of the pigsty Air sampling time, min OMC, thousand / m ³ NH ₃ , mg / m ³ H ₂ S, mg / m ³ Permissible value 70 fifteen 10 Background 307 19 12 thirty 252 eighteen eleven 60 127 fifteen 10 90 81 10 8 120 69 8 6 150 53 6 5 180 45 four 3

Table 3 The effect of ozone at a concentration of 3 mg / m ³ on the sanitary indicators of the air of the pigsty Air sampling time, min OMC, thousand / m ³ NH ₃ , mg / m ³ H ₂ S, mg / m ³ Permissible value 70 fifteen 10 Background 340 22 13 thirty 162 17 12 60 127 13 10 90 68 10 6 120 47 8 5 150 31 7 3 180 24 5 2

Further exposure to ozone leads to an even greater decrease in the polluting components of the environment of the livestock breeding facility, however, this increases the energy consumption for the operation of ozonizers and increases the risk of side effects of ozone on animals.

Thus, using the ozone-air mixture at a concentration of ozone in the air of the room within 1-3 mg / m ³ you can control the microbiological and chemical pollution of the animal habitat.

Example 2

The study of the effect of processing the premises in the presence of animals with an ozone-air mixture on sanitary indicators of air during the technological cycle was carried out in a pigsty-reproducer. 7 days after the formation of the round, sanitation was carried out daily for the next 3 weeks using an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration in the range of 1-3 mg / m ^{3 for a} duration of 1.5-2 hours. Weekly before and after sanitation in the room measuring the level of TBC, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.

The results of the experiment are presented in table 4, from which it can be seen that daily treatment of the air environment of the pigsty-reproducer with an ozone-air mixture for 1.5-2 hours at an ozone concentration in the range of 1-3 mg / m ³ ensures the constancy of the indicators characterizing the sanitary state livestock facilities as satisfactory. At the same time, the level of TBC, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide during the 3 weeks of operation remained within the limits of the regulated hygiene standards.

Table 4 Efficiency of sanitizing a pigsty-reproducer using an ozone-air mixture Study day Sanitary indicators of the air environment of the pigsty-reproducer OMC, thousand / m ³ NH ₃ , mg / m ³ H ₂ S, mg / m ³ Permissible value 70 fifteen 10 7 Before processing 197 fifteen 8 After processing 35 10 5 fourteen Before processing 67 13 8 After processing 22 7 3 21 Before processing 68 12 7 After processing 19 6 3

Therefore, the proposed method of sanitation is effective to maintain the sanitary condition of the livestock building within zoohygienic parameters.

Example 3

The effect of room sanitation with an ozone-air mixture on the health of piglets was established in a production experiment conducted in a pigsty-reproducer. For this, the livestock building was divided in half using a plastic film partition. Each half included 35 machines. In the experimental half, 7 days after the formation of the round and farrowing, there were 35 sows and 385 piglets, in the control - 35 sows and 391 piglets. The experimental half of the body was sanitized daily for 4 weeks with an ozone-air mixture lasting 1.5-2 hours at an ozone concentration of 1-3 mg / m ³ using ozonizers installed directly in the body. In the control half, special treatment of the air was not carried out. The air exchange in the two halves was carried out in the same way - by means of supply and exhaust ventilation with natural induction of air draft. During the entire period of the experiment, sick and dead piglets were recorded, and at the end of the experiment, weighed piglets were weighed. The results of the experiment are presented in table 5.

Table 5 The results of air sanitation using the ozone-air mixture when growing piglets up to 30 days of age Indicator Group experienced control Number of piglets 385 391 Piglets got sick, goal 53 104 Piglets fell, goal eleven 34 Incidence,% 13.8 26.5 Preservation,% 97.1 91.3 The average mass of the pig in 30 days, kg 9.15 8.44 The average daily gain in live weight, g 259.3 235.3

From the materials of table 5 it is seen that the sanitation of the air of the pigsty-reproducer using the ozone-air mixture according to the claimed method allowed to reduce the incidence of piglets by 12.7%, while increasing their safety by 5.8%. A decrease in the incidence affected the growth of piglets. So, in the experimental group, the average daily gain in live weight of piglets was 259.3 g, which is 24 g more than in the control group. By the end of the experiment, the average live weight of the piglet in the experimental group was 9.15 kg, and in the control - 8.44 kg.

Thus, the sanitation of air in a livestock building by the claimed method has a positive effect on the sanitary state of the air environment and as a result on the health, growth and development of animals.

Claims (1)

The method of sanitation of livestock buildings in the presence of animals, comprising treating the livestock buildings with an ozone-air mixture, characterized in that the treatment is carried out with an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration of 1-3 mg / m ³ with a frequency of 24 hours for 1.5-2 hours, which is prepared using an ozonizer installed directly in the livestock building.