RU2542124C2 - Method for application of leaf fertilisers and herbicides - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of mechanisation of agricultural production. The method is characterised in that spraying of leaves of cultivated crops with fertiliser solutions is carried out and herbicides are applied with the tape. Spraying of leaves of cultivated crops is carried out in portions with a solution of mineral fertilisers, and application of the herbicides - on both sides symmetrically with respect to the row of plants within the protection zone with overlapping. To prevent the contact of the solution of the herbicide with the leaves of cultivated crops they are raised, and devices for application of fertilisers and herbicides are brought to the action zone of protective shields.

EFFECT: method provides improvement of quality of spraying, and also minimises the negative impact of herbicides on cultivated vegetative crops.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanization of agricultural production, in particular to methods that allow portioned to introduce solutions of mineral fertilizers through the sheet surface and herbicides in the interval between plants in a row within the protective zone without depositing them on the sheet surface.

A known method of applying liquid mineral fertilizers, including their continuous application on the surface of the leaves of the crop, as well as the surface of the soil [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of the working solution, since the solution of mineral fertilizers falls not only on the leaf surface of vegetating plants, but also beyond them.

A known method of applying pesticides, including the tape application of herbicides to the soil surface in the rows between rows of plants on both sides, followed by incorporation of the treated zone into the soil.

Closest to the proposed one is a method involving the tape application of herbicides to the stem zone from two sides of a row of plants [2 - prototype].

The disadvantages of this method include the fact that the herbicides, partially falling on the leaf surface of plants, especially in the initial phases of its growth and development, cause phytotoxicity and their growth lag for 7-12 days [3].

The aim of this invention is to reduce the cost and improve the quality of spraying, as well as minimizing the negative impact of herbicides on row crops vegetative crops.

To achieve this goal, a method is proposed that allows spraying the leaves of row crops with fertilizer solutions and applying herbicides with a ribbon, moreover, spraying the leaves of row crops is carried out portionwise with a solution of mineral fertilizers, and the application of herbicides is symmetrical on both sides relative to the row of plants within the protective zone with overlapping, to prevent the herbicide solution from getting on the leaves of row crops, they are lifted and brought into the area of action of the protective shields of the devices and fertilizer and herbicides.

The device with which it is proposed to implement this method is illustrated by the attached schemes, where

FIG. 1 - diagram of the device is a General view from above,

FIG. 2 - diagram of the device is a General side view.

The proposed device is mounted on the frame of a cultivating cultivator 6 and consists of a sprayer 1 for foliar application of row crops of vegetative crops 3. To prevent the herbicides from entering the crop leaves, two protective shields 4 with stem lifters are mounted on the sides of both sides. Two spraying devices 2 for applying herbicides are also located on the side on both sides. Ahead is the sensor 5.

In the process, when the sensor coincides with the plant, the dosed supply of liquid mineral fertilizers from the sprayer 1 to the surface of the leaves of cultivated vegetative crops occurs. When the sensor leaves the zone of the root head, the fertilizer supply stops. Stem lifters, located on both sides symmetrically with respect to the row of crops, raise the leaves of row crops and bring them into the zone of action of the protective shields 4, which prevent the herbicide solution from sprayers 2 from falling onto the leaf blade. Herbicides are continuously fed to sprayers that completely treat the protective row row with overlap.

The application of this method will reduce the cost of processing and significantly improve the quality of spraying row crops vegetative crops, as well as minimize the negative impact of herbicides on crop plants, thereby increasing their productivity.

Information sources

1. Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines / V.M. Khalansky, I.V. Gorbachev. - M .: KolosS, 2004 .-- 624 p.: Ill. - (Textbooks and textbooks. Manuals for students of higher education. Institutions).

2. Patent for invention №2019073, АВВ 79/02. Publ. 09/15/1994. Bull. Number 27.

3. Dvoryankin EA Phytotoxicity and decomposition rate of herbicides in soil and plants / E.A. Dvoryankin // Sugar beet. - 2003. - No. 2. - S. 27-28.

Claims (1)

The method of applying liquid mineral fertilizers and herbicides on row crops vegetative crops, characterized in that they spray the leaves of row crops with fertilizer solutions and apply herbicides with a ribbon, moreover, spraying the leaves of row crops is carried out in portions with a solution of mineral fertilizers, and the application of herbicides is symmetrical from both sides relative to the row of plants within the protective zone with overlapping, moreover, to prevent the herbicide solution from getting on the leaves of row crops, they are raised dissolved and fed into the action of protective zone apparatus flaps fertilizer and herbicides.

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