RU2537624C2 - Method of water disinfection and apparatus for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of water processing, namely to method of water disinfection based on electrolysis, and is intended for purification of water from underground sources, water from open reservoirs (river, well) and after-purification of drink water from microbiological (bacterial and virus) pollutions, as well as to apparatus for method realisation. Disinfection of water is realised by submerging into vessel with water of electrodes, one of which is made from copper and silver alloy, passing through electrodes of work current in form of modulated electric signal in the range of ultrasonic frequencies 28-32 kHz and enriching water with ions of alloy metals simultaneously with its frequency processing. Method is realised with application of apparatus, which consists of control block 1, power supply block 4, made in form of case, rigidly connected with control block, inside of case placed is cartridge with current source, fixed with demountable lid 5.

EFFECT: high efficiency of disinfection of water pathogenic microflora with preservation of its useful and taste properties, simplification and extension of functional possibilities of apparatus.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method of water treatment, and in particular to a method of disinfecting water based on electrolysis, and is intended for the purification of water from underground sources, water from open reservoirs (river, well) and the purification of drinking water from microbiological (bacterial and viral) contaminants, and to the apparatus for implementing the method.

The invention can be used in everyday life, in drinking water supply.

It is well known that the environment is constantly deteriorating. Particularly acute is the question regarding the quality of water that people consume, as it relates directly to their health.

The most common method of disinfection of drinking water consumed by the population today is chlorination. However, it has been proven that with all the effectiveness of this method, it is dangerous to the health of some people due to its high toxicity, the formation of carcinogens, etc.

Therefore, alternative methods of water disinfection are widely used. Among them, a special place is the preparation and disinfection of water using ultrasonic frequencies or a combination of them with other methods.

A known method of preparing drinking water, including ultrasonic treatment in a hydrodynamic generator with a simultaneous supply of oxygen-containing gas (RF patent No. 2333156, IPC C02F 1/36, 2008).

The known method can be carried out under the conditions of the process in a continuous mode when preparing water in industrial volumes and does not solve the problem of disinfecting water for domestic needs in small volumes.

There is also known a method of disinfecting water by ultrasonic treatment in the frequency range 12-25 kHz with simultaneous exposure to a high-voltage pulsed electric field (copyright certificate of the Russian Federation No. 1114623, IPC C02F 1/48, 1984).

This method is intended for disinfection of effluents of medical institutions and cannot be used for disinfection of drinking water.

The closest analogue in the set of essential features to the claimed method is a method of disinfecting water, based on electrolysis, including filling the container with water, lowering the ionization element into the container, enriching the water with metal ions, of which the electrodes are made, by passing working current through the electrodes (RF patent No. 2217386, IPC C02F 1/467, 2003 - prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is not a sufficiently high degree of disinfection of water, since the basis of disinfection sequentially used processes of ionization and filtration. In addition, this process is effective against bacteria only.

Known antimicrobial ionizer for ionizing water with silver ions, containing a spiral anode and a cathode short-circuited between themselves by direct electrical contact, installed in a vessel of limited capacity (RF patent for utility model No. 115773, IPC C02F 1/00, 2012).

A disadvantage of the known ionizer is also not a sufficiently high degree of water disinfection, based on the implementation of the anode and cathode of metals with various electrochemical potentials (copper - silver, silver - gold).

Other disadvantages of the antimicrobial ionizer include visual control of the concentration of heavy metal ions by the end time of the process.

A portable device for the disinfection and electroactivation of drinking water is known, consisting of two dielectric vessels for electrolysis, an electrolytic bridge, a graphite cathode and a noble metal anode, connected in series to a direct current source (RF certificate for utility model No. 13958, IPC C02F 1/461, 2000).

A disadvantage of the known portable device is the unreliability of the design, visual quality control of the treated water.

The SILVA household autonomous ionizer for drinking water treatment is also known. It contains an autonomous power source enclosed in a housing and connected via an electric circuit to electrodes, while the ionizer is equipped with a light indicator and a timer to control its operation time (RF patent No. 2096335, IPC C02F 1/46, 1997).

The disinfection of water by the SILVA ionizer is based on the process of silvering of water, during which the complete dissolution of the silver anode occurs.

The disadvantages of the ionizer include visual control of process parameters and uncontrollability of the amount of silver ions in the treated water.

The closest analogue in terms of essential features to the claimed device includes a water disinfecting apparatus comprising a control unit with an indicator and an ionization element with electrodes fixed to it, a power supply unit connected through the control unit to the electrodes (RF patent No. 2217386, IPC C02F 1 / 467, 2003 - prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is not a sufficiently high degree of disinfection of water due to the sequential processes of silvering of water and its filtration, since disinfection is effective only against certain types of bacteria. In addition, the device is complicated due to:

- the need for preliminary determination of the presence of water in the tank to clarify the time of completion of water treatment;

- the need to periodically turn on the apparatus to determine the current strength so as not to exceed the MPC of the release of metal ions into water;

Obviously, this complicates the process and the device itself.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the quality of disinfection of water while maintaining its useful and taste properties, simplifying the design and expanding the functionality of the apparatus.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of water enrichment based on electrolysis, including filling the tank with water, lowering the ionization element into the capacitance of the electrodes, enriching the water with metal ions, of which the electrodes are made, by passing working current through the electrodes, metal enrichment with water carried out simultaneously with its frequency processing by using a modulated electrical signal as an operating current in the range of ultrasonic frequencies of 28-32 kHz, while one of the electro s made of an alloy of copper and silver.

The problem is also solved by the fact that in the apparatus for disinfecting water, containing a control unit with an indicator and with an ionization element attached to it with electrodes, a power supply connected via a control unit to the electrodes, a digital multifunction microprocessor with the ability to feed electrodes, one of which is made of an alloy of copper and silver, the operating current in the form of a modulated electrical signal in the range of ultrasonic frequencies 28-32 kHz, the power supply is made in the form of a housing rigidly connected to the control unit, while inside the housing there is a cassette with a current source, fixed by a removable cover.

The electrodes can be made removable.

As a current source, AAA, Krona finger batteries or finger batteries can be used.

As an indicator, an LED or a display can be used.

The technical result from the implementation of a group of inventions related by a single inventive concept is achieved due to the simultaneous enrichment of water with copper and silver ions and its frequency processing. The electrodes, after being supplied to them by the control unit with a modulated electric signal in the ultrasonic range when immersed in an aqueous medium, simultaneously perform two functions: an ionizer and a frequency source.

Frequency exposure is necessary to suspend life or the complete destruction of certain types of microbes, bacteria and viruses. It is based on the principle of bioresonance, i.e. frequency exposure to the ultrasonic range in antiphase of frequencies emitted by viruses, bacteria and microbes that do not die during ionization. At the same time, the beneficial and flavoring properties of water are preserved.

In addition, the technical result is achieved through the use of digital technology in the device, namely a multifunctional microprocessor, which provides power block control, generation of indication signals, control of the power source, generation of the operating frequency at the output, and a predetermined operating time. For this, a program that consists of several algorithms is pre-recorded in the microprocessor. The operating time and the necessary current parameters on the electrodes of the device are programmed depending on the volume of water and the degree of pollution.

Thus, the operation of the device is fully automated.

The technical result is also achieved due to the fact that one of the electrodes is made of alloys of various metals.

The proposed method and apparatus are illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows an external view of the apparatus, Fig. 2 is a side view, Fig. 3 is a top view, and Fig. 4 is a block diagram.

The apparatus consists of a control unit 1 (microprocessor) with an indicator 2 and an on / off button 3, on the outer surface of which is applied the verbal trademark “MAG BIO” of the applicant (RF certificate No. 465699), a power supply unit in the form of a rigidly connected housing control unit 4 inside which there is a cassette with three AAA 1.5 V batteries (not shown in the drawing), with a removable cover 5 and an ionization element 6 with electrodes 7 fixed to the control unit (the anode is made of an alloy of copper and silver, the cathode is made of food stainless steel) the control unit is provided with a transmitter 8 and a rectifier 9.

The method of disinfecting water using the apparatus is as follows.

A 0.5 L container is filled with water, electrodes 7 are installed in it ¾ of their length, using the power supply unit 4 as a handle, the device is turned on by pressing button 3. At the same time, indicator 2 lights up. For 7 minutes, the water is saturated with copper ions and silver (depending on the composition of the anode alloy) and is simultaneously processed by a frequency action, the source of which is the electrodes 7, because they are supplied with a rectangular modulated electric signal with a frequency of 28-32 kHz - meander - duty cycle 2 at the outputs of microprocessor 1. Within the specified limits, the frequency in the microprocessor is tuned 4 times in a 7-minute cycle.

After 7 minutes, the device automatically turns off, the indicator goes off, the water is ready for use.

Voltage converter 8 is used to maintain the microprocessor's supply voltage at 5 V with an input voltage from power supply 4 of 1.8 V to 4.5 V.

Rectifier 9 is used to rectify the electrical signal from the output of microprocessor 1.

Tests of the inventive apparatus were carried out:

1. Federal State Budgetary Institution “State Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology” (Obolensk, Moscow Region).

According to the results of laboratory tests, it was found that when the device is in working contact with drinking water contaminated with bacteria of vaccine and avirulent strains of causative agents of especially dangerous infections (live bacteria of causative agents of hemorrhagic colitis, tularemia, plague, cholera), water is approximately 100-60 after 30-60 minutes freed from bacteria. In addition, water acquires bactericidal properties.

By consuming such water immediately after its treatment, you can disinfect your body, because water retains its bactericidal properties even after it enters the gastrointestinal tract, having a beneficial effect on human health.

Test results are attached.

2. Anti-plague station in the medical unit No. 164 of the Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia.

Tests were conducted in order to determine the ability of the apparatus to clean water from open water from microorganisms.

It has been found that the efficiency of purification slurry sht.pSub525 model microorganisms E.coli, E.coli sht.1257, Enterobacter cloaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of microorganisms 1,14 × May ¹⁰ CFU in 1 ml for 14 minutes in the apparatus was 100% .

The cleaning efficiency of the suspension of model coliphages f-2 with a concentration of microorganisms of 1.22 × 10 ⁴ PFU in 100 ml for 14 min was 100%.

Test results are attached.

3. Research Institute of Occupational Medicine RAMS.

Tests were conducted to determine the level of components migrating into the water from the materials of the apparatus in contact with water.

Tests showed that the level of components migrating into the water did not exceed the standards specified in the Unified Sanitary and Epidemiological and Hygienic Requirements of the TS.

Small ionization of water with microelements of copper, silver, gold, palladium, germanium (the main disinfecting agents) in the proportions necessary for a person makes it healing.

Moreover, it was found that after 24-hour storage of disinfected water, reactivation of test objects is not observed.

Test results are attached.

This unit is also capable of combating microorganisms found in various food products: meat, vegetables, fruits. To do this, just place the product in a container of water, lower the electrodes of the device into water and turn it on for 30-40 minutes.

The technical result is expressed in the high efficiency of disinfection of pathogenic microflora of water in a short time while maintaining its useful and taste properties, simplifying and expanding the functionality of the apparatus and options for using disinfected water.

The water disinfecting apparatus is small-sized, simple and safe to use, wireless, with low power consumption.

Obviously, it can be extremely necessary both in everyday life and on camping trips, fishing, hunting, when traveling to hot countries, where water is often of poor quality, as well as in case of crisis and emergency situations.

The device is certified in the Russian Federation and registered in the territory of the Customs Union (documents are attached).

Claims (5)

1. The method of water disinfection, based on electrolysis, including filling the tank with water, lowering the ionization element into the capacitance of the electrodes, enriching the water with metal ions from which the electrodes are made, by passing working current through the electrodes, characterized in that the metal is enriched in water with its frequency processing by using a modulated electric signal as a working current in the range of ultrasonic frequencies of 28-32 kHz, while one of the electrodes is made of alloy and copper and silver. 2. The apparatus for disinfecting water, comprising a control unit with an indicator and with an ionization element attached to it with electrodes, a power supply connected through a control unit with electrodes, characterized in that a digital multifunction microprocessor with the ability to feed to the electrodes is used as a control unit, one of which is made of an alloy of copper and silver, the operating current in the form of a modulated electrical signal in the range of ultrasonic frequencies 28-32 kHz, the power supply is made in the form of a housing, rigidly with connected to the control unit, while inside the casing there is a cassette with a current source, fixed by a removable cover. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrodes are removable. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the AAA or Krona type finger batteries or finger batteries are used as a current source. 5. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that an LED or display is used as an indicator.

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