RU2217386C2 - Method and device of water decontamination - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drinking and technical water softening. SUBSTANCE: invention presents the method of decontamination of water and the device for its realization. The invention is related to the treatment of water and in particular to the method of water decontamination using ionization and filtration, and also to the corresponding device for its implementation. The invention can be used both in a household activities, and in an industry. An element of ionization with electrodes, at least one of which-is made of silver, is installed in a container. The container is filled in with water. Preliminary the electrodes are put under the test voltage to have the test current to check the presence of water inside the container and conditions to start process of enrichment. After that the operating current of ionization is fed to electrodes to dress the water with the dosed quantity of ions of silver taking turns with a trial current periodically fed to electrodes to determine the time of the enrichment process termination. Treated water is additionally filtered. The device for a decontamination of water has a body with installed inside it an exchangeable cartridge with a filtering material and the member of ionization with electrodes, at least one of which is made of silver. The member of ionization is fixed on the exchangeable cartridge and has the control unit and the power source. The control unit includes the current sensor used to measure a current on electrodes, a logical unit with a timer linked to indicator and a controlled current controller, output of which exit is connected to the electrodes. EFFECT: increased degree of water decontamination due to usage of combined method of filtration and ionization; prevention of the water overdose with ions of silver; automation of the device activity, that allows to start a stop in time the process ionization in presence of the water in the container. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to water purification, and in particular, to a method for disinfecting water using its ionization and filtration, as well as to a device for its implementation.

 The invention can be used both in everyday life and in industry.

A known method of filtering water, which is implemented in a household filter, which consists in passing through several filter layers of purified water, and the water is passed by gravity (see RF patent 2163829, class B 01 D 24/18, 2000)
The disadvantage of this method is that the layer containing silver cations cannot provide a sufficient supply of silver ions for complete disinfection of water.

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed method is a method of disinfecting water, implemented by the Silva ionizer, which includes installing an ionizer in a tank, filling it with water, enriching the water with silver ions by passing the working ion current through electrodes, one of which is silver (see RF patent 2096335, CL C 02 F 1/46, 1996).

The disadvantages of this method:
- does not exclude from the finished product (drinking water) contaminants in the source water, because does not provide filtering;
- cannot automatically determine the end of those. ionization process. In the known method for controlling ionization, an operator (user) is required, which manually stops the process;
- the possibility of an overdose (higher than the norms of the Ministry of Health) of water with silver ions and, as a result, an excessive consumption of electrodes and electricity.

 The closest in technical essence to the device that implements the proposed method is a water purification device, comprising a housing, an interchangeable cartridge installed inside it with filter material and an ionization element (see RF patent 2038118, B 01 35/06, 1995).

 A disadvantage of the known design is that the implementation of the ionization element in the form of a sleeve of metal rubber from silver-plated wire cannot provide a sufficient supply of silver ions, which significantly worsens the conditions for water disinfection.

The technical problems solved by the proposed method and device for its implementation are:
- obtaining a high-quality process of disinfecting water through a joint method of filtration and ionization;
- prevention of overdose of water with silver ions;
- automation of the device, allowing you to start the ionization process in the presence of water and stop it in time.

 The technical result in the proposed technical solution is achieved by creating a method of disinfecting water, including installing ionization with electrodes in the container element, at least one of which is silver, filling the container with water and enriching the water with silver ions by passing ionization current through the electrodes.

 Preliminarily, a test voltage is applied to the electrodes to generate a test current, which is used to judge the presence of water in the tank and the possibility of starting the enrichment process, after which the working ionization current is passed through the electrodes and the water is enriched with a measured amount of silver ions by periodically passing the test current through the electrodes to determine the time the end of the enrichment process, after which the treated water is additionally filtered.

 The technical result is also achieved by creating a device for disinfecting water, including a housing, an interchangeable cartridge installed inside it with filter material and an ionization element with electrodes, at least one of which is silver. The ionization element is mounted on a replaceable cartridge and has a control unit and a current source, while the control unit consists of a current sensor for measuring current on the electrodes, a logical unit connected to it with a timer, connected to an indicator and a controlled current regulator, the output of which is connected to the electrodes.

 This embodiment of the control unit allows you to economically consume the energy of the power source, to exclude spontaneous inclusion associated with the natural pollution of the interelectrode space, and therefore the appearance of a stray leakage current.

 Patent studies have shown that technical solutions with the indicated set of essential features are not known in similar methods for disinfecting water and a device for its implementation, i.e. the proposed solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

 In the analysis of known analogues and prototype, no proposal was found with a combination of essential features set forth in the claims, which implies that for specialists involved in the purification and disinfection of water, it clearly does not follow from the prior art and, therefore, meets the criteria of the invention "inventive level".

 We believe that the information set forth in the application materials is sufficient for the practical implementation of the invention.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following description of a method for disinfecting water and a device for its implementation and drawings, where
in FIG. 1 - shows a longitudinal section of a device for disinfecting water;
figure 2 - control unit of the device.

 The device for disinfecting water includes a housing 1, an interchangeable cartridge 2 installed inside it with a filter material, on which an ionization element is fixed.

 The ionization element is made in the form of a housing 3, in which electrodes 4 are installed, at least one of them is silver, having contact with the treated water, a control unit and a current source 5 connected to it.

 The control unit consists of a current sensor 6, designed to measure current on the electrodes, connected to it by a logic unit 7 with a timer 8 and a controlled current controller, the output of which is designed to supply current to the electrodes.

 The controlled current controller can, for example, be made of two parts, one of which is the regulator of the operating ionization current 9, and the other part is the test current regulator 10.

 Moreover, the logical unit 7 and the timer 8 are connected to both controllers 9, 10 and indicator 11.

 The method of water disinfection is as follows.

 Fill the container 12 with water 13, install a replaceable cartridge 2 in it with a filter material and with a fixed ionization element; before enriching the water, a test voltage is passed through the electrodes 4 to generate a test current that determines the presence of treated water 13 in the tank 12, and In the presence of the device, the operation of the device begins by passing the working ionization current through the electrodes, while enriching the water with silver ions.

 The enrichment of water is carried out with a metered amount of silver ions, and then the water is filtered, passing the enriched water through a replaceable filter 2.

 Moreover, to determine the presence of water in the tank, thereby determining the time for the end of the water treatment, a test voltage is periodically passed through the electrodes 4, after a certain time.

The specific implementation of the method of disinfection of water
The proposed method of disinfecting water can be carried out using the device described above.

 The control unit was implemented programmatically on the basis of the PIC controller, and the sources of working and test currents were made on the programmable DACs included in the controllers, and the current sensor on the ADC, also included in the PIC controllers.

 About 2 liters of water are poured into the container, an ionizer with a replaceable cartridge is installed. The ratio between the duration of the test current and the pause in the ratio of 1: 2000 is experimentally chosen, and the magnitude of this current varies in the range from 0.1 to 1.5 of the operating ionization current.

 The ionization time is set so that in each portion of water its concentration is C = 0.05 mg / L.

 With this method of disinfecting water, the device for its implementation consumes an average current in idle mode of less than 0.5 μA. This allowed without disconnecting from a small battery to be in a state of readiness for work (excluding self-discharge) for 10-20 years.

The volume of treated water for the life of the device is 20,000 l;
The water treatment time with a vessel capacity of 1.75 l is 10-12 minutes, which is due to the characteristic of the replaceable filter element.

 The concentration of silver ions in the finished drinking water is 0.035-0.03 mg / l (this corresponds to GOST).

 The actual battery life of the device reaches 5 years.

 In comparison with the known filter, the degree of purification and especially disinfection is much higher, because part of the silver ions is retained in the filter, then the bacteria that are in it almost completely destroy and additional disinfection of water occurs.

 Compared with ionizers that cannot filter water, a device for implementing the proposed method solves this problem.

 Periodic verification of the presence of treated water in the tank allowed to increase the actual service life up to 5 years without replacing the miniature battery to power the device even with a significant interelectrode leakage current due to pollution during operation.

Claims (2)

1. A method of disinfecting water, comprising installing an ionization element with electrodes in the vessel, at least one of which is silver, filling the vessel with water and enriching the water with silver ions by passing ionization current through the electrodes, characterized in that a test voltage is first applied to the electrodes to generate a test current, by which one judges the presence of water in the tank and the possibility of starting the enrichment process, after which the working ionization current is passed through the electrodes and the water is enriched with a metered amount tion of silver ions during periodic current is passed through the test electrodes for determining the end of the enrichment process, after which the treated water is further filtered. 2. A device for disinfecting water, comprising a housing with a replaceable cartridge installed inside it with filter material and an ionization element with electrodes, at least one of which is silver, characterized in that the ionization element is mounted on a replaceable cartridge and has a control unit and a current source wherein the control unit consists of a current sensor for measuring current on the electrodes connected to it by a logical unit with a timer, connected to an indicator and a controlled current regulator, the output of which is connected to the electrodes.

Images