RU2533900C2 - Method of planting seeds with simultaneous application of mineral and organic fertilisers and device for application of briquettes from nutrient mixture with seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises preparation of seeding the nutrient mixture, forming briquettes from it, placing seeds to them, furrow formation, application of briquettes to them, covering the furrows. The nutrient medium is used as an ultrasonicated mixture containing glauconite, diatomite, sapropel and peat. The mixture is mixed with the water soluble adhesive. The briquettes are made in the form of hollow ball halves with a hydraulic press in a mould, they are glued and the loading opening is made in them. The seeds and the mixture containing glauconite, diatomite, sapropel and peat, are placed through the loading opening into the briquettes. Then the loading opening is closed and the briquettes are placed into the hopper of the device for application of briquettes from the nutrient mixture with the seeds. The application of briquettes into preliminary prepared furrows is carried out simultaneously with their irrigation. The application of briquettes with seeds is carried out using the device comprising a frame on which a hopper is mounted, in which bottom the outlets are made. Under the bottom the device with the actuator is mounted for conveying briquettes into furrows. The hopper is made removable for placement of the spherical briquettes into it. Device for conveying the briquettes into the furrows is made in the form of conveyor belts with separating planks for metering.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the uniformity of application of seeds and fertilisers to the soil.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods and devices for applying seeds and fertilizers.

Currently, mineral and organic fertilizers are applied using spreaders.

The disadvantage of this method is the uneven application of fertilizers.

The closest analogue to the claimed methods and device is the method (1) of applying seeds, which includes: preparing a nutrient mixture, forming briquettes from it, placing seeds in them, forming furrows, introducing briquettes into them, closing the furrows.

The disadvantage of this method is the uneven application of briquettes.

The present invention is characterized in that as a nutrient medium, a mixture containing glauconite, diatomite, sapropel and peat treated with ultrasound is used, which is mixed with water-soluble glue, while the briquettes are formed into halves of a hollow ball by a hydraulic press in a mold, glue them and they perform a loading hole in them, and the seed and mixture containing glauconite, diatomaceous earth, sapropel and peat (hereinafter - the mixture) are placed through the loading hole inside the briquettes, and then the loading boot is closed the bore and place the briquettes in the hopper of the briquette applicator, the briquettes are introduced into the preformed grooves at the same time as they are irrigated, and the briquette applicator is made from the nutrient mixture with seeds, including a frame on which the hopper is installed, in the bottom of which the outlet holes are made, and a device installed under the bottom for transporting briquettes into grooves with a drive is characterized in that the hopper for placing spherical briquettes into it is removable, and the device for transporting Ia briquettes in furrows made in the form of a conveyor belt with dividing bars for dosing.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for the manufacture of halves of briquettes;

In FIG. 2 shows a device for filling briquettes;

In FIG. 3 shows a device for sowing seeds with the simultaneous application of mineral and organic fertilizers;

In FIG. 4 is a view AA of FIG. 3, revealing the design of the device for applying briquettes.

A device for the manufacture of briquettes (Fig. 1) includes: table 1 with heating elements built into it (not shown); frame 2, with a hydraulic cylinder 3 mounted on it, the supply of working fluid to which is carried out through hoses 4; punch 5; matrix 6; briquette blank 7.

A device for the production of briquettes works as follows: the mixture is mixed with water-based glue, making the briquette, install it in the matrix of the device for making briquettes, stamp the halves of the spherical briquette, then connect the halves to each other.

A device for filling briquettes (Fig. 2) includes a frame 8 mounted on wheels, having a towing device 9 to the tractor; a removable hopper 10 having a valve 11 in its lower part and a cover 17 in its upper part (in the upper position); a cardan 12 connected to a tractor power take-off shaft (not shown) and a gearbox mounted on a frame (not shown); a pulley 13 connected to the gearbox, transmitting rotation through the belt drive 14 to the sprocket 15, which engages with the conveyor belt 16 and drives it; racks 18 and 19; traverse 20 with a device for supplying spherical preforms of briquettes 21 mounted on it, a device for making holes in preforms of briquettes 22, a device for introducing agricultural products 24 into briquettes of grain, having a dispenser 23 in its lower part; a device for introducing the mixture into the opening of the preform of the briquette 25, the amount of the mixture being placed exceeds the need for grain to grow; the dispenser 26 in its lower part has a device for closing the holes in the preform of the briquette 27.

A device for filling briquettes works as follows: the briquettes are placed in the device 21, the workpiece is installed in a recess in the conveyor belt, made to secure the workpiece with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the workpiece, in the device 22 operating in automatic mode, a hole is made for introduction from the device 24, through the dispenser 23, one grain of agricultural products, then, when moving the conveyor belt 16, driven by an asterisk 15, a belt drive 14, a pulley 13, using a gearbox with a tractor power take-off shaft, a mixture processed in an ultrasonic generator (not shown) is introduced into the hole in the briquette preform using device 25 having a dispenser 26 in its lower part, then the device for closing the hole in the preform briquette 27 is made closing the hole by gluing, followed by feeding briquettes, when the conveyor belt moves, into the removable hopper 10, and the valve 11 is closed at this moment.

The device for introducing briquettes (Fig. 3) includes: a frame 28 mounted on wheels, on which conveyor belts 29 are mounted, driven by a cardan 30 connected to a tractor power take-off shaft (not shown), through a gearbox mounted on the frame (not shown) and an asterisk 31, which engages with hooks made on the inside of the conveyor belts 29; a hitch 32 connecting the application device to the tractor; plows 33, mounted on a common beam connected to the frame 28 with the possibility of raising and lowering it using a hydraulic cylinder 34, connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor through hoses 35; on the frame 28 installed without the possibility of movement of the rack 36 and 37, connected by a traverse 38; on the frame 28, a tank 39 with irrigation fluid is installed, having a nozzle 40 for irrigation of the introduced briquettes, as well as racks 41, into which a removable hopper 42 with briquettes 43 placed in it, mounted on the frame 28 with the possibility of being installed without moving in the horizontal plane movement in the vertical plane of the plow 44, the raising and lowering of which is carried out using a hydraulic lift 45 connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor by hoses 46.

The device for introducing briquettes works as follows: in the racks 41 install a removable hopper 42 with briquettes 43, connect the device for introducing briquettes to the tractor using a towing device 32, connect the hydraulic system of the tractor and hoses 35 and 46, connect the cardan 30 and when the tractor moves and with the included power take-off shaft, plows 33 perform longitudinal furrows in the soil, conveyor belts move in a horizontal plane, briquettes 43 from the hopper 42 are lowered into the holes of the conveyor belt 29 and introduced into the food nye furrow, thus making irrigation fluid produced from the reservoir 39 through the nozzle 40 into the ground, and then plow 44 is made the closing of the longitudinal grooves as amended by the briquettes.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the uniformity of the introduction (sowing) of seeds and fertilizers in depleted soil through the use of a metering device, and the economic effect is to save mineral and organic fertilizers, increase the humus content in depleted soil by placing more than need in fertilizer briquettes grain for growth.

The source of information

1. Copyright certificate SU No. 1130203 A, 12/23/1984. Method and device for sowing seeds.

Claims (2)

1. The method of sowing seeds with the simultaneous application of mineral and organic fertilizers, including preparing a nutrient mixture, forming briquettes from it, placing seeds in them, forming furrows, applying briquettes to them, closing the furrows, characterized in that the mixture is used as a nutrient medium, containing glauconite, diatomaceous earth, sapropel and peat treated with ultrasound, which is mixed with water-soluble glue, while the briquettes are formed into halves of a hollow ball by a hydraulic press in a mold, I glue they are filled with a loading hole in them, and the seed and mixture containing glauconite, diatomite, sapropel and peat are placed through the loading hole inside the briquettes, then the loading hole is closed and the briquettes are placed in the hopper of the device for introducing briquettes from the nutrient mixture with seeds, and the introduction of briquettes into preformed grooves is carried out simultaneously with their irrigation. 2. A device for introducing briquettes from a nutrient mixture with seeds, including a frame on which a hopper is installed, in the bottom of which there are outlet openings, and a device installed under the bottom for transporting briquettes into furrows with a drive, characterized in that the hopper is removable for placement in spherical briquettes, and a device for transporting briquettes into grooves is made in the form of belt conveyors with dividing bars for dosing.

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