RU2532299C1 - Cable drive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mechanical force transfer devices exploiting human being muscle forces and can be used in various drives, particularly, in bicycle front wheel drive. Cable drive comprises outer shell (1), armour (2), balls (3) fitted in cage rings (4), centring ring (8) and retaining end sleeve (9). Balls (3) are arranged between armour (2) and central cable (5).

EFFECT: high flexibility and low friction factor at force transfer and linear motion.

8 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for transmitting mechanical forces, including using human muscular forces, by linear translational or reciprocal, or rotational motion and can be used in various drive mechanisms, in particular in the drive of the front wheel of a bicycle.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at the ability to create cable drives with a low coefficient of friction, increased reliability, with sufficiently large transmitted forces located in severely limited conditions, with complex routes with turns, which makes it possible to create new necessary technical devices using the properties incorporated in this invention.

Known cable drive. (Drive-device or system of devices for driving various machines. SI Ozhegov. "Dictionary of the Russian language. Moscow." Russian language, 1990). Known ball bearing - a rolling bearing, between the inner and outer rings of which are balls. "Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary". Second Edition. Moscow. "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1983).

A bicycle control device with a cable drive is known, which comprises a movable element, a frame connected with a movable control element, a guide and a flexible element mounted on the frame for rotation around the axis of the guide element. The guide element of the cable contains a curved external peripheral guide surface located radially in the outer side from the axis of the guide element for guiding the cable, and the guide surface of the cable ends at the first and second ends (patent 2222456, B62M 25/02, 1998) - analogue.

A known drive with a flexible shaft, represented by a steel cable made of several layers of twisted steel wires of normal type or reinforced type. The flexible shaft is enclosed in armor of three layers, namely the outer metal shell, the sealing shell of vinyl plastic, the inner shell represented by a spiral made of bronze flattened wire. A flexible shaft is connected to the leading (driven) elements by means of a shaft that rotates in a bearing mounted in the housing (patent RU 18045 72, F16C 1/06, 1991) - a prototype.

The known design is intended for use in all sectors of the economy where torque transmission with flexible shafts is required.

To create a new technical device, it is proposed to combine the properties of a cable drive - flexibility, linearity, and the properties of a ball bearing - rolling, which has a lower coefficient of friction than sliding designs traditionally implemented in a cable drive.

The technical result from the use of the invention is the creation of a device with linearity, with a high degree of flexibility and a low coefficient of friction both in the transmission of torsional force and in linear motion.

The claimed technical result is achieved as follows.

The drive cable contains an outer shell, under which the armor is placed, which is the rolling surface for balls installed in adjoining separator rings located between the armor and the central cable, a centering ring and a locking end sleeve.

In this case, the ring-separator is made of synthetic material with the aim of more accurate fixation of the balls, reduce the magnitude of the friction force due to the material of the ring, exclude contact with the rough surface of the armor. The Central cable is performed with additional calibrated sleeves, mounted on top of the cable and having rounded edges. The armor is preferably made of steel wire, and the balls are made of steel or high-strength HDPE. The ring separator can be made of high-strength HDPE polyethylene or fluoroplas-4, and the central cable can be made of a steel multi-wire flexible cord or made of HDPE polyethylene. The cable transmission further comprises a seal, lubricant and an oil scraper ring.

The invention is illustrated in the following drawings.

Figure 1 presents a cable drive in the context, example 1; in FIG. 1a - section 1-1; on figb - case-separator; on figv - section of the armor, options.

Figure 2 presents a cable drive in the context, example 2; in FIG. 2a - section 1-1; on figb - case-separator.

Figure 3 presents the cable drive in the context, example 3; in FIG. 3a - section 1-1; on figb - case-separator.

Figure 4 presents the cable drive in the context, example 4; in FIG. 4a - section 1-1; on figb - case-separator.

5 is an example of the use of the invention in the construction of a bicycle drive.

Figure 6 - cable drive, circuit.

Figure 1. The cable drive device contains:

1 - shell;

2 - armor;

3 - balls;

4 - ring separator;

5 - the central cable;

6 - lubricant;

7 - a sealant;

8 - centering ring;

9 - locking end sleeve.

The cable drive transmission contains an outer shell 1, under which the armor 2 is placed, which is the rolling surface for balls 3 installed in adjacent to each other rings-separators 4 located between the armor 2 and the central cable 5, a centering ring 8 and a locking end sleeve 9.

The ring separator 4 in the preferred embodiment is made of synthetic material with the aim of more accurate fixation of the balls, reduce the amount of friction due to the material of the ring, exclude contact with the rough surface of the armor.

The central cable 5 is made with additional calibrated sleeves fixed on top of the cable and having rounded edges. The armor is made of steel wire, the balls are made of steel or high-strength HDPE polyethylene, the separator ring is made of high-strength HDPE polyethylene or fluoroplas-4, and the central cable is made of steel cable or HDPE polyethylene.

The cable transmission further comprises a seal 7, lubricant 6 and an oil scraper ring.

The drive cable transmission is a linear flexible ball bearing containing a shell 1, below it an armor 2, providing a rolling surface for balls 3 and the possibility of bending the entire structure. Balls 3 are located between the armor 2 and the central cable 5, are a movable support for the inner cable. The ring separators 4 in the form of steel washers fix the position of the balls 3. The cable 5 provides the transmission of forces by rotation, linear movement or reciprocating motion. Lubrication 6 reduces friction, the oil scraper ring and seal 7 ensure that grease 6 does not exit, and the centering ring 8 ensures the exact location of the central cable 5 when it leaves the sheath 1, including when its ends are freely moved. The locking end sleeve 9 secures the individual structural elements as a whole: the shell, armor, oil scraper ring and seal. The ring separator 4 is made of synthetic material with the aim of more accurate fixation of the balls, reduce the magnitude of the friction force due to the material of the ring, excluding contact with the rough surface of the armor.

The central cable 5 is designed to transmit significant effort or at high speed rotation is performed with additional calibrated sleeves mounted on top of the cable, in order to minimize the amount of friction force arising from small irregularities in the surface of the cable, because it is wound from separate wires. The length of the sleeves should be slightly larger than the distance between the centers of the nearest balls. The distance between the sleeves should provide sufficient flexibility for the cable drive for laying in cramped conditions. The end edges of the sleeves should be rounded, for less resistance when the sleeve and the ball contact when moving from ball to ball, and also to exclude touching the edges of the sleeves when bending the device. To transfer great effort in a difficult route (many bends in a small space), on the one hand, a sufficiently thick cable is required, on the other hand, high flexibility, which is not always possible (for example, with option 3). The fulfillment of this requirement is achieved by the fact that balls of reduced diameter are used with an increase in their number.

Shell 1 is used according to environmental conditions and the purpose of the cable drive. Structurally performed in accordance with existing manufacturing technologies.

Armor 2 is preferably made of round steel wire according to existing technologies. For some designs can be applied not round, but a flat wire or a special segment profile (Fig. 1. Cross-section of the armor. Options 2 and 3).

Balls 3 can be steel, from high-strength synthetic material, for example, domestic production of fluorone-4. (Ftorlon-4, trade name for polytetrafluoroethylene. Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary. Second edition. Moscow "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1983).

The separator rings 4 for particularly thin cable transfers (with an outer sheath diameter of less than 10 mm) can be steel or synthetic in the form of a conventional washer. An indispensable condition is that the outer diameter of the washer should be close to the inner diameter of the armor, and the inner diameter of the washer should be no more than 75% of the diameter of the ball.

The central cable 5 can be twisted from steel wires, calibrated steel spring wire or in the form of a cord made of dense synthetic material.

Grease 6 should reduce friction, not dry for a long time and maintain properties.

The oil scraper ring is installed with a seal, which is performed, for example, in the form of a felt ring 7.

The centering ring 8 can be made of a crystal with high hardness and low coefficient of friction - agate.

The locking end sleeve 9 holds together the individual structural elements: shell, armor, oil scraper and centering ring.

Examples of the invention are illustrated by figures 2, 3 and 4, which presents three additional options for execution.

Figure 2 shows a cable drive, example 2, in which the separator ring 4 is made of synthetic material of a more complex cross section, in order to more accurately fix the balls 3, reduce the friction coefficient due to the material of the ring (for example, fluorone-4), eliminate contact with armor surface 2.

Figure 3 shows a cable drive, example 3, designed to transmit significant effort or at high speeds, made with additional calibrated sleeves mounted on top of the cable 5, in order to minimize the amount of friction arising from small irregularities in the surface of the cable, t. to. it is wound from separate wires. The length of the sleeves should be slightly larger than the distance between the centers of the nearest balls. The distance between the sleeves should provide sufficient flexibility for the cable drive for laying in specific conditions. The end edges of the sleeves should be rounded, for less resistance when the sleeve and the ball come into contact when moving from ball to ball, and also to exclude the contact of the sleeve edges when bending the cable.

Figure 4 shows a cable drive, option 4, in which to transmit large forces in a difficult route (many bends and small space), on the one hand, a sufficiently thick cable 5 is required, on the other hand, high flexibility is required, which cannot be achieved with option 3. These conditions are achieved by the fact that balls 3 of reduced diameter are used with an increase in their number.

An example of the use of the invention in the construction of the front wheel drive of a bicycle is shown in FIG.

The bicycle (figure 5) contains the following elements:

10 - frame;

11 - a back driving wheel;

12 - front driven wheel;

13 - a steering rack;

14 - axis;

15 - steering wheel;

16 - freewheel;

17 - driven discs;

18 - a flexible element of the drive;

19 - pedals;

20 - connecting rod;

21 - drive disk;

22 - axis of rotation of the pedal block;

23 - return springs;

24 - front wheel mounting fork;

25 - block supporting rollers.

The operation of the device is as follows. When turning the left pedal 19 counterclockwise from the upper point (the beginning of the working phase), the leading disk of the pedal block rotates and wraps itself on the flexible element 18, which passes through the balls in the shell mounted on the rack of the steering wheel 15, makes a rolling movement inside the shell.

The second end of the flexible element is mounted on the driven disk 17 of the front wheel 12, the flexible element is pulled and, unwinding from the disk, rotates it and through the freewheel 16, the wheel clockwise, setting the bicycle in motion. The second phase of the full cycle is the return of the left pedal 19 from the lower point to the upper one - “idling”. In this case, the flexible element, under the action of the return spring 23, is screwed onto the disk 17 of the front wheel 12, which rotates counterclockwise. The cycle is over.

The right pedal 19 drives the disk 21 of the rear wheel 11 in a similar manner, only with a 180 degree shift. The phases of the working and idling of the right and left pedals are shifted 180 degrees.

The use of a cable drive with a linear flexible ball bearing design slightly longer than half the circumference of the drive disk of the bicycle pedal block allows for convenient transmission of the efforts of the legs of the person to the front drive wheel, making the bike all-wheel drive.

Claims (8)

1. Cable drive transmission containing an outer shell, under which the armor is placed, which is the rolling surface for balls installed in adjacent to each other ring separators located between the armor and the central cable, a centering ring and a locking end sleeve. 2. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the ring separator is made of metal or synthetic material. 3. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the Central cable is performed with additional calibrated sleeves mounted on top of the cable and having rounded edges. 4. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the armor is made of steel wire. 5. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the balls are made of steel or high-strength HDPE polyethylene. 6. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the ring-separator is made of PTFE-4. 7. The cable transmission according to claim 1, in which the Central cable is made of a cable, or a multi-wire steel flexible cord, or HDPE. 8. The cable transmission according to claim 1, which further comprises a sealant, lubricant and an oil scraper ring.

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