RU2539260C1 - Bicycle drive (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: bicycle drive includes pedal unit, frame connected with at least one drive package. In the first version, the drive package is made in the form of profiled disk of variable radius which disk is installed on rear wheel free play unit, flexible component and driving disk installed on pedal unit. In the butt end of disks, a channel for flexible component laying is made which component by its one end is secured on rear wheel disk at the point of minimum radius, and by its other end is secured on driving disk of pedal unit at its upper point. In the second version, the drive package represents free play units with the same profiled disks of variable radius installed on left and right rear wheels. In the butt end of disks, channels for flexible components laying are made which components by their one end are secured on the mentioned disks of rear wheel, and by their second end are connected with corresponding left and right driving disks of pedal unit.

EFFECT: higher reliability and lower weight of bicycle drive.

11 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to land vehicles powered by muscular power of a person, in particular to bicycles.

The vast majority of devices for transmitting human efforts to the drive wheel, including currently available bicycles, include a drive device consisting of:

- rear drive wheel, the axis of which is attached to the frame;

- fixed on the axis of the drive unit, consisting of a freewheel, three or more sprockets;

- the chain connecting the carriage mechanism (the axis on which the pedals with the connecting rods are mounted together with the drive sprocket), then the “pedal block” with the driven rear wheel sprockets;

- gearshift devices with chain transfer mechanism;

- chain tensioning devices;

- at least one drive sprocket in the pedal block.

The described design is quite time-consuming and not convenient and reliable in operation.

An alternative drive is known (PCT / HU 2010/000009, B62M 1/02 07/29/2010), applicable to bicycles and similar vehicles, in which the pedal drive is converted into reciprocating motion of the swinging linkage mechanisms, and the flexible traction element drives spinning wheel. In this case, the lever mechanism is made in the shape of a triangle.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of production, complexity in operation, lack of convenience and reliability.

The technical result from the use of the proposed technical solution can be expressed in the creation of a structure that is easier to manufacture and operate, in improving the usability and reliability of use while reducing the weight and cost of manufacture.

The technical result according to option 1 is achieved as follows.

The bicycle drive includes a pedal block, a frame associated with at least one drive set. The drive set is made in the form of a profile disk of variable radius mounted on the rear wheel freewheel block, a flexible element and a drive disk mounted on the pedal block. In the end part of the disks, a groove is made for laying a flexible element, which is fixed at one point to the rear wheel disk at the minimum radius, and the other end to the pedal block drive disk at the upper point,

Moreover, in the indicated embodiment, the drive disk of the pedal block can be made with equal or variable radius. The profile disk of the rear wheel is made with a variable radius in the form of a spiral of Archimedes. The front wheel can be additionally equipped with a profile disk of the same radius as the profile disk of the rear wheel, while the flexible element passes through the support unit on the steering column and is mounted on the disk of the front wheel. Also, the rear wheel profile disk can be equipped with a return mechanism made in the form of return springs or a return flexible drive element. The device can optionally be equipped on the other side of the pedal unit with a mirrored second drive kit.

The technical result according to option 2 is achieved as follows.

The bicycle drive includes a pedal block, a frame associated with at least one drive set. In this case, the drive set consists of free-wheeling units mounted on the rear wheel with the right and left wheels with identical profile disks of variable radius. In the end part of the disks, grooves are made for laying flexible elements, one end fixed to the said rear wheel disks, and the other end connected to the corresponding right and left driving disks of the pedal block. In this case, the drive discs of the pedal unit can be made with equal or variable radii. The profile wheels of the rear wheel are mainly made with variable radii in the form of an Archimedes spiral. The flexible element is carried out in a shell with armor, inside of which a separator ring with balls and a central flexible cable is placed.

The invention is illustrated by the following figures.

Figure 1 - diagram of the angle of rotation of the pedals;

Figure 2 - embodiment of a profile disk, General view;

Figure 3 - profile disk, view A; section 1-1; section 2-2;

Figure 4 - an embodiment of a profile disk, General view;

Figure 5 - profile disk, view A; view B; section 1-1; section 2-2;

6 is a diagram of the operation of the profile disk;

Fig.7, figa - bicycle drive, option 1;

Fig, figa - drive bike option 2.

The shape of the profile can vary in a wide range (figure 1, figure 2). The decisive factor is the choice of the nature and conditions of the trip: in the city, a country trip, rough terrain, mountain roads, as well as the duration of the trip and the physical capabilities of a person. The proposed design allows you to quickly and easily change the disk. Figure 2 shows the design of the disk for the version with a return spring. If a return flexible drive element is used, an additional return pulley is made. The gear ratio (the ratio of the radius of the driven disk to the corresponding radius of the driven disk) in the proposed design can be any, for example, for a quiet urban traffic mode: from 1.5 to 3.0, i.e. R _P.D. = 100 mm, then R _mac = 67 mm, R _min = 33.3 mm. For variable, incl. high-speed mode - from 2.0 to 5.0, i.e. R _P.D. = 110 mm, R _mac = 50 mm, R _min = 22 mm.

The disk can be made with two profiles (Fig. 5), while on both profiles of the end part of the disks there are grooves for laying flexible elements.

Figure 6 shows the operation of the profile disk, the initial position of the duty cycle (dimensions, in quality example).

In the case of installing a return spring, it is not necessary to install return pulleys on the driven and master disks and a return flexible drive element with a compensation spring.

n _min = 100: 100 = 1.0; the gear ratio at the beginning of the working cycle is selected depending on the intended mode of riding the bicycle and can vary over a wide range.

n _max = 100: 20 = 5.0; selection conditions are the same as for n _min

d ₁ = 40 mm, d ₂ = 80 mm; diameters of return pulleys can vary proportionally. 4. l ₁ = 126 mm, the circumference of the return pulley of the driven disk with a diameter of 40 mm

Since the leading disk rotates 180 ° during the duty cycle and the driven one 360 °, the circumference of the return pulley of the rear wheel should be half the circumference of the return pulley of the pedal block.

l ₂ = 2 × l ₁ = 252 mm, the circumference of the return pulley of the drive disk with a diameter of 80 mm; L _okr. = 200 × 3.12 = 628 mm, leading, 1/2 = 628: 2 = 314 mm circumference of the leading disk. Since it only rotates 180 ° (slave phase) clockwise, then returns 180 ° (idle) counterclockwise, the working length is half the circumference. A working flexible drive carried away by the drive disk is wound around this (i.e. 1/2 diameter) part. In order for the driven profile disk to rotate 360 ° (and in some cases, a larger angle), it is necessary that the total length of all arcs (the scan length of the groove of the profile disk from the point of maximum radius to minimum) be equal to or slightly shorter than the working length ( arcs) of the drive disk.

L _arcs = 316 mm, the total length of the arcs of the driven profile disk.

The dimensions given are subject to change, while maintaining these ratios.

To compensate for the uneven tension of the return flexible drive element, the use of a small multi-coil spring is recommended.

Since a slight effort is required to return the profile driven disc and pedal unit with the leading profile disc, the return flexible drive element is subjected to minor loads. A slight effort is also required when using arcs for the legs on the pedals to fix the legs.

In Fig.7 and 7A presents the design of the invention, option 1, General view, where:

1 - frame;

2 - a back driving wheel;

3 - front drive wheel;

4 - a steering rack;

5 - axis;

6 - steering wheel;

7 - freewheel;

8 - profile disk driven;

9 - a flexible element of the drive;

10 - pedals;

11 - connecting rod;

12 - profile drive disk;

13 - axis of rotation of the pedal block;

14 - a return spring;

15 - front wheel mounting fork;

16 - block supporting rollers;

17 - returnable flexible element;

18 - a return pulley of the pedal block;

19 - a return pulley of a back wheel;

20 - compensation spring.

A profile disk 8a, 8b of variable radius, for example, in the form of an “Archimedes spiral”, is installed on the freewheel block (carriage). A groove is made in the end part of the disk 8a, 8b for laying the flexible element of the drive 9, from the point of maximum radius to the point of minimum radius 360 °. The flexible element of the actuator 9 is fixed at one end at a point of minimum radius, and the second end on the drive disk 12 of the pedal unit 10, 11, 13 at the upper point. The master disk also has a groove. Using the pedals 10, the cyclist rotates the drive disk 12 clockwise 180 °, the flexible element of the drive 9 drives the rear wheel 8a, through which the wheel 2 rotates (working stroke). The angle of rotation of the drive disk 12 is 180 ° from the upper point to the lower. By turning the left pedal counterclockwise, the cyclist turns the right pedal in the same direction through an angle of 180 ° to the starting position. This position is the end of the cycle. In order for duty cycles to follow continuously, i.e. as on ordinary bicycles, a second drive set can be mirrored from the side of the left foot. Thus, on a bicycle, the rear wheel 2 is driven by pedals in any mode (can be alternately or simultaneously), independently by the right and left feet.

On Fig and 8A presents the design of the invention, option 2, General view, where:

1 - frame;

2 - a back driving wheel;

3 - front drive wheel;

4 - a steering rack;

5 - axis;

6 - steering wheel;

7 - two-way freewheel;

8a, 8b - driven discs;

9a, 9b - a flexible element of the drive;

10 - pedals;

11 - connecting rod;

12a, 12b - leading profile disk;

13 - axis of rotation of the pedal block;

14a, 14b — return springs;

15 - front wheel mounting fork;

16 - block supporting rollers;

17a, 17b - return flexible elements;

18a, 18b - return pulleys of the pedal block;

19a, 19b — return pulleys of the rear wheel;

20a, 20b - compensation springs

In this other embodiment, a system is used in which profile driven discs 8a, 8b, respectively, are mounted on the axis of both wheels 2 and 3, respectively. A drive disk 12 is mounted on the axis of the pedal block 10. In the initial position, the rear wheel 2 has a maximum radius point 8 in the rear wheel 8a, the flexible element of the actuator 9 covers it as much as possible, the return spring 14a is twisted. Further, to prevent slipping, at the lower point (the initial position of the disk 12), the flexible element of the drive 9 is fixed to the disk 12. Having curled the disk 12, the flexible element of the drive 9 passes through the supporting blocks on the steering rack 4, lowers to the disk 8b of the front wheel 3 and is fixed at the point of minimum radius. The right pedal is at the top point, the flexible element of the drive 9 completely covers the disk 12. At the lower point of the disk 12, the flexible element of the drive 9 is rigidly fixed to the disk. Next, the flexible element of the drive 9 from the driving disk bends around the support blocks on the steering rack and is fixed at the point of the minimum radius of the disk 8b of the front wheel 3. The disk 8b is in a position where the flexible element of the drive does not cover the disk (as if untwisted). The return spring 14a is almost untwisted. When you press the right pedal, the drive disk 12 of the pedal block rotates 180 degrees from the upper point to the lower, turning the rear wheel 2. Wheel 2 rotates 360 degrees. At the same time, the tension of the flexible element of the drive 9 to the front wheel 3 is weakened, under the action of the return spring 14b, the disk of the front wheel 8b rotates clockwise 360 degrees, capturing and winding the flexible element of the drive 9. The right leg makes a working stroke, the left - idling. Then the left pedal turns counterclockwise from the top to the bottom, making a 180 degree turn counterclockwise (working stroke). The right pedal returns to its original position, turning under the action of the left pedal. The rear disk under the action of its return spring wraps itself on a flexible drive element (idle), and the front wheel rotates, making a working stroke.

When the rear and front wheels are rotated simultaneously with one drive, the left pedal, rotating independently of the right, has the ability to rotate the rear wheel regardless of the right pedal. This makes it possible to fold or freely redistribute the efforts of the legs at the right time.

In order to eliminate opposition to the movement of the bicycle return spring (additional fatigue can be heated during long trips), it is proposed to use an additional flexible drive element and additional pulleys on the drive and driven units instead of the spring. The necessary effort to return the profile disc to its original position, after the stroke, is very small, so the pulleys are made of a minimum diameter. Since the driven disk rotates 360 degrees, and the leading 180, therefore, the diameter of the driven pulley should be half the diameter of the driving pulley. To compensate for the uneven tension of the flexible drive element during disk rotation, a compensation spring is provided (to break the return flexible drive element). Pulleys are made with the necessary groove for a flexible drive element, located close to the profile disks on the opposite side of the wheel. On the pedal block, the pulley is attached to the power disk on the pedal side. Due to the complexity of this option for the front wheel, it is advisable to use a return spring.

To perform circular rotation with pedals (as on existing models of bicycles), a device is installed in the pedal block that connects the connecting rod and the drive disk of this pedal block from the beginning to the end of the stroke. The engagement continues from the upper point (0 °) to the lower (180 °), after passing the lower point, the connection is terminated. The pedal continues to rotate clockwise, and the power disk, the flexible drive element and the profile wheel of the rear wheel under the action of the return spring are returned to their original position, rotating counterclockwise. At the upper point, the power disk and connecting rod meet, gearing occurs, the system is ready for a new cycle. This description applies to the drive unit of the left pedal, only with a "mirror" location relative to the right unit.

To expand the range of gear ratios, the mode of changing forces and the nature of the movement, a locking design of two or three different profile disks in a single block is proposed. Each disk has its own profile with a groove for a flexible drive element. One thing unites them: the point of minimum radius is common with equal radii. For two locked disks, the flexible flexible drive element is mounted with equal radii. For two locked disks, the flexible flexible drive element is mounted on the border of two disks; for three disks, the flexible drive element is mounted in the center of the middle disk. To transfer a flexible drive element from one track to another, a guide fork is installed in front of the discs, which is connected by a cable to the switch on the steering wheel. The peculiarity of this design is that the transfer from track to track can only be done in one position: when the discs (multi-track disc) are at the point of minimum radius (after the end of the stroke and before the start of idling. Even with a single-track profile disc with the round disk of the pedal block can count more than a hundred “speeds.” Switching is done by moving the “plug” to the target of the selected groove (track) using a cable and a switch on the bicycle handlebar. A multi-track (up to 3) driving disk of the pedal block can also be used on a multi-track driven disc.The principle of operation is similar to the construction and management of the rear wheel driven disc.

In order to increase the rotation range of the driven disk, for the case when the semicircle of the leading disk is much longer than the full (360 degrees) arc of the driven profile disk, it is proposed to form a chute for the drive flexible drive element with smooth displacement as the radius decreases in order to have a chute length not 360 degrees, but more (for example: up to 720 degrees). Such a need may arise when the lengths of the arcs of the main profile disk and the leading one are sufficiently large, and the additional profile disk (second or third) is much smaller (for high-speed mode). In this case, the leading disk will not be used to the full extent (i.e., when turning, for example, by 110 degrees, the flexible element of the drive will stretch and will not allow rotation of the leading disk. This is achieved by smoothly shifting to the free side of the gutter and simultaneously reducing the radius The diameter of the flexible drive element, the wall thickness of the trough, even for a 3-track profile disc, can be within 16 mm, and the total width of 8 sprockets is 20 mm.

Single, double and triple profile discs can be used.

In order for the duty cycles to follow continuously from one side, for example, from the side of the left leg, a second drive set is mirrored. On the rear wheel 2, two free-wheeling units (carriage with right and left free-wheeling devices 7a and 7b), two profile discs 8a and 8b are mounted mirrored, in the pedal block, the right pedal 10a rotates independently of the left 10b. The disk 12 is mounted on the axis of the pedal block 6. The drive disks 12a and 12b are respectively connected to the driven disks 8a and 8b by flexible couplings 9a and 9b. Each driven disk of the rear wheel is equipped with return mechanisms made in the form of return springs 14a and 146, as well as tension compensation springs. Return mechanisms can be made in the form of pulleys.

The flexible element for both proposed drive variants is carried out in a shell with armor, inside of which a separator ring with balls and a central flexible cable is placed. Preferably, the armor is made of steel wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, the balls are made of steel or high-strength polyethylene HDPE, the ring separator is made of high-strength polyethylene HDPE or fluoroplas-4, the cable is made of a steel multi-wire flexible cord or HDPE. The restriction cap includes a seal, an oil scraper ring, a centering ring and a retaining sleeve. The shell is used according to environmental conditions and the purpose of the cable drive. Structurally performed in accordance with existing technologies. In armor for some designs, not round, but a flat or special segmented wire profile can be used. Separator rings for extremely thin cable drives (outside diameter less than 10 mm) can be steel in the form of a washer. The outer diameter of the washer should be proportionate to the inner diameter of the armor, and the inner diameter of the washer should be no more than 70% of the diameter of the ball. Lubricating filler is designed to minimize friction between moving structural members. The central cable can be made in the form of a steel twisted cable or a steel spring calibrated wire. It can also be made in the form of a polyethylene cord. An oil scraper washer may be used in the design. The centering support ring through which the working cable passes can be made of mineral, such as agate. The locking end sleeve secures the individual structural elements into a single unit.

This design provides the ability to work with legs independently of one another. Profile wheels can be configured taking into account the characteristics and degree of preparedness of a particular cyclist.

Claims (11)

1. A bicycle drive comprising a pedal block, a frame associated with a drive set made in the form of a profile disk of variable radius mounted on the rear wheel freewheel block, in the end part of which there is a groove for laying a flexible element, one end fixed to the disk at a point minimum radius, and the second end - at the highest point on the drive disc of the pedal block. 2. The drive according to claim 1, in which the drive disc of the pedal unit is made with an equal or variable radius, in the end part of which a groove is made for laying a flexible element, and the connecting rods with pedals are rigidly interconnected. 3. The drive according to claim 1, in which the profile disk of the rear wheel is made with a variable radius in the form of a spiral of Archimedes. 4. The drive according to claim 1, in which the front wheel is equipped with a profile disk of the same profile as the rear wheel disk, the flexible element covers the support unit on the steering column and is mounted on the front wheel disk at a point of minimum radius. 5. The drive according to claim 1, in which the profile disk of the rear wheel is equipped with a return device in the form of a multi-coil spring or an additional flexible drive element. 6. The drive according to claim 1, in which an additional drive set is installed on the other side of the bicycle. 7. The drive according to claim 1, in which the flexible element is made in a shell with armor, inside of which is placed a ring-separator with balls and a central flexible cable. 8. A bicycle drive comprising a pedal block, a frame associated with at least one drive set made in the form of right and left freewheel blocks mounted on the rear wheel with the same profile disks of variable radius, in the end part of which there is a trench for laying flexible elements, one end mounted on said disks, and the other end connected with the corresponding right and left drive disks of the pedal unit. 9. The drive of claim 8, in which the drive discs of the pedal unit are made with equal or variable radii. 10. The drive of claim 8, in which the profile wheels of the rear wheels are made with variable radii in the form of a spiral of Archimedes. 11. The drive of claim 8, in which the flexible element is made in a shell with armor, inside of which is placed a separator ring with balls and a central flexible cable.

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