RU2529614C2 - Spherical rotary-wave engine with controlled parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to propulsion engineering. Engine comprises compression and expansion chambers, fuel system with atomisers built in combustion chambers and spark plug. Every said chamber is equipped with rotor oscillating in the housing, has the chamber made in said housing and blade oscillating therein. Rotor is articulated with crank pin secured at the shaft running in housing bearings. Shaft in expansion chamber is coupled with mechanical power consumer. Blade is arranged at said rotor to cut off gas wavy volumes displacing along chamber surfaces by its points. Surfaces confining the chamber and the blade are spherical in radial direction while in conical direction these are conical. Crank at the shaft is arranged at an angle. Centre of spherical surfaces and tops of conical surfaces are aligned with the point of intersection between axes of crank and shaft. Compression chamber shaft is engaged with drive shaft furnished with rpm controller. Fuel system incorporates controller of fuel feed to combustion chamber.

EFFECT: higher power efficiency.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to engine building, and can be used in automobile, gas and oil transportation.

Rotary-wave internal combustion engines are known, for example, a rotary-wave engine (Russian patent No. 2155272) is a volumetric direct-flow machine in which a rotor installed with a minimum gap performs angular oscillations, forming waves rolling over the housing surface in the compressor and expansion compartments. However, the need for minimum clearances limit its use.

The closest analogue is the rotary wave internal combustion engine (Russian patent No. 2304225), containing sections with spiral cavities and swinging spiral blades placed in them. However, the inability to control parameters reduces its energy efficiency.

The aim of the invention is to increase energy efficiency.

The invention is achieved in that the engine containing the compressor and expansion compartments, each of which is equipped with a rotor swinging in the housing, mounted pivotally on the crank pin, mounted on a shaft rotating in the bearings of the housing, which in the expansion compartment is connected to a consumer of mechanical energy, a cavity made in the body, with a blade swinging in it, placed on the rotor, cutting off the points of contact of its surfaces with the surfaces of the cavity, wave-like volumes of gas moving along it, top a drain system with nozzles built into the combustion chamber and a spark plug. The surfaces bounding the cavity, as well as the blade, are made spherical in the radial direction and conical in the axial direction, the crank on the shaft is set at an angle, and the centers of the spherical and the top of the conical surfaces coincide with the intersection point of the crank and shaft axes, the compressor compartment shaft is connected to the shaft drive equipped with a speed controller, the fuel system is equipped with a controller for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber.

According to the second option, a section of a consumer of mechanical energy is installed in the engine, for example, a gas blower, equipped with a cavity filled in the housing filled with injection material, and a blade swinging in it, placed on the rotor of the expansion compartment, cutting off the contact points of spherical and helical conical surfaces with undulating volumes of material, displaced in the cavity from the window connecting the cavity to the low pressure line to the window connecting the cavity to the high pressure line.

In Fig. 1, a cross-sectional engine is shown, in Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional engine in a second embodiment, in Fig. 3 is a bevel gearing, in Fig. 4 is a diagram for forming a conical surface, in Fig. 5 is a conical surface, in Fig. .6 is a diagram of the contacting of two conical surfaces.

The engine includes compressor and expansion compartments. A screw cavity 2 is made in the compressor compartment in the housing 1. A screw blade 4 is mounted on the rotor 3, which sways in the cavity 2 by means of a crank 5. A screw cavity 6 is made in the expansion compartment in the housing 1. A screw blade 8 is fixed on the rotor 7, which sways in the cavity 6 by means of a crank 9. The rotors 3 and 7 are pivotally mounted on the cranks 5 and 9, mounted at an angle on the shafts rotating in the bearings of the housing. With the help of bevel gears with the same number of teeth of the wheels, the rotors 3 and 7, as well as the blades 4 and 8, swing in the housing relative to the points of Ok and Op intersection of the cranks 5 and 9 with their shafts. The cavities 2 and 6, as well as the blades 4 and 8 are bounded radially by the spherical surfaces M, and in the axial direction by the conical surfaces G. The vertices of the conical surfaces and the centers of the spherical surfaces coincide with the corresponding intersection points of the O and O axes. Cavities 2 and 6 are connected to the combustion chamber 10, equipped with fuel nozzles and a spark plug. The fuel system is equipped with a regulator 11 for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber. The cavity 2 is equipped with an inlet window 12, and the cavity 6 is equipped with an exhaust window 13. The engine is equipped with a drive 14 with a speed controller, the shaft of which is connected to the shaft of the compressor compartment. The conjugated spherical M and conical G surfaces of the cavities 2 and 6 and the blades 4 and 8 close the wave-like volumes of air in the compressor compartment and the wave-like volumes of gas in the expansion compartment, which move along the screw cavities. The conical surfaces bounding the enclosed volumes are active, transmitting the distributed gas pressure to the shaft of the expansion compartment to the consumer of mechanical energy. For the purpose of continued combustion in the expansion compartment, several sections can be installed in the housing with similar cavities connected by intermediate channels and blades swinging in them, united by a common rotor.

Initial conditions for obtaining a conical surface. A ball centered at point O is installed in the XYZ system. The cutting edge of the cutter is located in the local coordinate system xyz, the origin of which coincides with the center of the ball O, and the cutting edge coincides with the axis Oz. The xOz plane uniformly rotates with speed ω relative to the Ox axis (Ox1, Ox2, Ox3 ...) and with acceleration e rotates relative to the Oz axis (Ozl, Oz2, Oz3 ...). The cutting edge, remaining tied with its end to the center O, forms a conical surface G with a vertex at the point O on the ball and outlines a guide line (1-2-3) on the spherical surface M. Under the same conditions, a conical surface on the rotor is satisfied. The guide line (1e-2e-3e) on the rotor is equidistant to the line, with dots (1-2-3) on the body. Cones built on the basis of such helical guides touch their common generatrix and contact without gap or slipping.

According to the second embodiment, a section of a consumer of mechanical energy is installed in the engine, for example, a gas or liquid supercharger, which is connected to the section of the expansion compartment. In the housing 1 there is a helical cavity 15, limited in the radial direction by the spherical surfaces M, and in the axial direction by the conical surfaces G. In the cavity 15, a helical blade 16 is made, limited in the radial direction by the spherical surfaces M, and in the axial direction by the conical surfaces G. The tops of the conical surfaces and centers of spherical surfaces coincide with the point of intersection of the axes of the shaft rotating in the bearings of the shaft housing, and the crank 9 mounted on it at an angle. The blade 16 of the power consumer is rigidly connected with the rotor 7 of the expansion compartment by means of a leash 17. The conjugate conical and spherical surfaces of the cavity 15 and the blades 16 close the wavelike volumes of the injected product, for example, gaseous or liquid, and move them along the cavity 15 from the window 18 of the low pressure main to the window 19 high-pressure lines.

The engine operates as follows. The drive 14 is turned on. The shaft of the compressor compartment connected with it rotates in the bearings of the housing 1 with the speed set by the regulator. The rotor 3 by means of gearing swings on the crank 5 of the shaft relative to the center of approx. The blade 4 located on the rotor sways in the cavity 2. In the cavity 2, the blade 4 cuts off wavelike volumes of air, which, when the blade vibrates, move from the window 12 towards the combustion chamber 10. Several revolutions of the shaft fill the combustion chamber with air and create sufficient pressure in it. A fuel stream is fed through the nozzles to the combustion chamber, the speed of which and the quantity are set by the feed regulator 11. By changing the speed of the drive 14 and the feed rate by the regulator 11, the mixture is lean or rich. The resulting mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark plug. Gases from the burning mixture create a total force component on the active surfaces of the cavity 6 and the blade 8 and, like a turbine on the shaft 9, torque. The gas pressure during combustion of the mixture in the combustion chamber increases, and the compression ratio of the newly incoming mixture also increases. High gas pressure and high combustion temperatures create conditions for ignition of newly incoming portions of the mixture. The combustion of the mixture becomes stable and ceases with the cessation of fuel supply. The spark plug is necessary for the initial ignition. Due to the small size of the cavity 2 of the compressor compartment, the resistance of the expanding gases to the flow of air is negligible.

According to the second option, the engine allows the consumer to transfer the potential pressure energy of the combusting fuel without intermediate mechanical devices. As in the first embodiment, the compressor and expansion compartments work and pressure is created in the cavity 6 of the expansion compartment. The injected material in the form of wave volumes is enclosed between the conical G and spherical M walls of the cavities 15 and the blades 16. The gas pressure through the active conical surfaces of the blades 8 and 16 rigidly connected with a leash 17 is directed to the material placed in the wave volumes of the cavity 15 of the energy consumer. In fact, the gas pressure without intermediate mechanical gears creates pressure on the material filling the cavity 15, and is aimed at injecting material from the low-pressure line and window 18 to the high-pressure line through window 19. All other components and mechanisms, with such a transfer of potential pressure energy are not subject to heavy loads and carry power losses for their own control needs. It is possible to simultaneously use two ways of energy transfer: according to the first and second options.

The invention eliminated the gaps between the contacting active surfaces. The area of active surfaces significantly exceeds the area of passive surfaces, thereby creating conditions for increasing energy efficiency. Fixed slippage of active helical conical surfaces. It is possible to control the initial parameters of the working fluid, such as the degree of compression, depletion or enrichment, the rate of formation of the fuel mixture. The combustion of the mixture occurs at high initial pressure. By changing the input parameters, it became possible to control the output parameters - speed, power. It is possible to fulfill the conditions of continued combustion. The transfer of the potential energy of gas pressure to the consumer’s material is proposed, without intermediate mechanical transducers, for example, during injection or pumping of a liquid or gas.

Claims (2)

1. An engine containing compressor and expansion compartments, each of which is equipped with a rotor swinging in the housing, mounted pivotally on the crank pin, mounted on a shaft rotating in the bearings of the housing, which in the expansion compartment is connected to the consumer of mechanical energy, a cavity made in the housing, a blade swinging in it, placed on the rotor, cutting off the points of contact of its surfaces with the surfaces of the cavity, wave-like volumes of gas moving along it, a fuel system with integrated injuries by nozzles and a spark plug, characterized in that the surfaces bounding the cavity and the blade are made spherical in the radial direction and conical in the axial direction, the crank on the shaft is set at an angle, and the centers of spherical and the tops of the conical surfaces, the shaft of the compressor compartment is connected to the shaft of the drive equipped with a speed controller, the fuel system is equipped with a controller for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a consumer section of mechanical energy, such as a gas blower, equipped with a cavity filled in the housing filled with injection material, and a blade swinging in it, placed on the rotor of the expansion compartment, cutting off the contact points spherical and helical conical surfaces, wavelike volumes of material displaced in the cavity from the window connecting the cavity to the low-pressure line to the window connecting the cavity to the high-pressure line.

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