RU2528538C1 - Method of driving compressor of two-cylinder ice diverter valve and fuel injector air drive pneumatic accumulator charging with atmospheric air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: pneumatic drive system comprises compressor, pneumatic accumulator, two diverter valves, two slide valves, two fuel injectors, two compressor drive pistons, compressor piston and check valves. In one ICE cylinder working fluid at compression stroke thrusts against compressor drive piston surface. This makes both compressor drive pistons and compressor piston displace towards the other cylinder. Here, air is compressed in one chamber of compressor piston and fed via check valve into pneumatic accumulator. Air is sucked via check valve from atmosphere into compressor piston opposite chamber. With pistons at compression cycle TDC, compressed fluid in second cylinder thrusts against the compressor drive second piston surface. This makes both compressor drive pistons and compressor piston reverse the direction to start another cycle of pneumatic accumulator charging.

EFFECT: simplified design.

2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The closest analogue to the compressor method for charging the pneumatic accumulator of the pneumatic valve of the gas distribution valve and the fuel nozzle of the internal combustion engine (hereinafter ICE) with atmospheric air from two cylinders is patent 2403409 "Kapan-cut-off of the pneumatic drive of the gas distribution mechanism of the internal combustion engine."

The pneumatic drive of the gas distribution valve of the internal combustion engine with the shut-off valve operates as follows. The piston of the internal combustion engine 1 during a compression stroke compresses the working fluid - air or fuel mixture - in the combustion chamber 2. At the same time, part of the working fluid from the combustion chamber 2 through the pipe 3 through the shut-off valve 4 and the check valve 5 enters the pneumatic accumulator 6 and charges it. The control system of the internal combustion engine by the pneumatic valve of the gas distribution valves (hereinafter the control system is not shown in the figure) monitors the current position of the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 and, at the time when it is necessary to open the gas distribution valve 7, sets the spool 8 to the position as shown in the figure. The working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 9 and 10 enters the upper piston cavity of the valve actuator 11, as a result of which the gas distribution valve 7, if it is inlet, allows air from the atmosphere to enter combustion chamber 2 through the channel 12, or if it is exhaust, the combustion from the combustion chamber 2. To close the gas distribution valve 7, the control system sets the spool 8 to the lower position, and the working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channels 9 and 13 enters the lower cavity of the actuator piston 11, and the gas distribution Call duration valve 7 closes. In both cases, the spent working fluid is discharged through the channels 10, 13, 14, 15 into the atmosphere, and in the carburetor engine, where the working fluid is a fuel mixture, for reasons of fuel economy it is fed into the air intake of the engine.

It should be borne in mind that the pneumatic accumulator is charged not only during the compression stroke of the working fluid in the combustion chamber, as shown in the aforementioned analogue, but also during the expansion cycle of exhaust gases, when the pressure in the combustion chamber can reach hundreds of atmospheres and a temperature of hundreds of degrees . But to ensure the operability of a pneumatic drive, the pressure of the working fluid is enough by an order of magnitude or even less. The shut-off valve 4 provides charging of the pneumatic accumulator with the working fluid to the optimum working pressure. If the pressure of the working fluid coming from the combustion chamber 2 is less than optimal, it freely passes through the shutoff valve 4 to the pneumatic accumulator 6. When the working fluid pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 6 increases above the optimum pressure, the working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channel 16 enters the lower cavity of the valve piston 17 - cutoffs. Under its influence, the piston of the shutoff valve 17 and the shut-off valve 18 connected to it move up and the channel 19 is closed. The charge level of the pneumatic accumulator 6 by the working fluid is determined by the stiffness of the spring 20. The greater the stiffness of the spring, the higher the pneumatic accumulator is charged.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The energy of the working fluid compressed in the internal combustion engine cylinder — air or the fuel mixture, depending on the type of internal combustion engine — is directly used in the compression stroke to drive various mechanisms, for example, to drive a gas distribution mechanism or to drive a fuel injector. However, there is a possibility of ignition of the fuel mixture for a gasoline internal combustion engine in the pneumatic accumulator and gas lines of the drive. The purpose of the invention is to simplify and unify the pneumatic drive so that it is suitable for all types of ICE.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The compressor method for charging the pneumatic accumulator of the pneumatic valve of the gas distribution valve and the fuel nozzle of the internal combustion engine with atmospheric air from two cylinders consists in the following.

The figure 2 presents a diagram of the drive of an air compressor for compressing atmospheric air with gases from two internal combustion engine cylinders. The piston of the internal combustion engine 1 compresses the working fluid — air or fuel mixture — in the left (according to the figure) cylinder of the internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as the cylinder) 2 and the compressible working fluid presses on the left surface of the piston of the compressor drive 3 of the compressor piston group. The piston compressor group consists of a compressor drive piston 3 of one cylinder, a compressor drive piston of another cylinder 4, a compressor piston 5 and a pusher 6. The purpose of the pusher is to move the compressor drive pistons 3 and 4 from one extreme position to another. Introduction to the pusher circuit is caused by the need to coordinate installation dimensions between the cylinders of a specific ICE design and the size of the compressor. The design decision of the pusher may be different. For example, in this diagram, this is a set of balls. Under the influence of the working fluid, the compressor drive piston 3 moves to the right (according to the figure), compresses the atmospheric air in the right cavity of the compressor piston 5 and through the check valve 7 delivers it to the pneumatic accumulator 8. At the same time, through the check valve 9, air from the atmosphere is sucked into the right cavity of the compressor piston 5 .

Full charge of the pneumatic accumulator 8 occurs when starting the engine for one or more compression cycles of the working fluid in each cylinder of the engine, and recharging - only for one cycle. Air from the pneumatic accumulator 8 through channels 10 and 11 enters the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 12. Under its action, the gas distribution valve 13, if it is inlet, allows air from the atmosphere to enter cylinder 2 through channel 14, or, if it is exhaust, to flow out of products combustion into the atmosphere. To close the gas distribution valve 13, the control system sets the spool 15 in the lower position. The air from the pneumatic accumulator 8 through the channels 10 and 16 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the drive of the gas distribution valve 12, and the gas distribution valve 13 is closed. In both cases, the exhaust air is discharged into the atmosphere through channels 11, 17 and 16, 18. As soon as the pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 8 reaches a value that ensures the optimal functioning of the valves of the gas distribution valves and the fuel injector, air from the pneumatic accumulator 8 through the pipeline 19 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the stopper mechanism of the piston group 20. The piston of the stopper mechanism of the piston group 20 moves up and stops the piston group in position as shown. The flow of compressed air into the pneumatic accumulator 8 is stopped. The charge level of the pneumatic accumulator 8 is determined by the stiffness of the piston spring of the stopper mechanism of the piston group 21. The greater the stiffness of the spring, the higher the pneumatic accumulator 8 is charged. Although the travel time of the piston of the compressor drive 3 is negligible, nevertheless, there remains the possibility of forcing some gas out of the cylinder into the cavity of the compressor 5, especially at the operating cycle, therefore, channels 22 and 23 are provided for the removal of these gases into the atmosphere. To minimize the consequences of forcing these gases onto the cylinder There are obturating grooves 24 and 25 on the indigenous surface of the compressor drive pistons 3 and 4. At the extreme right position of the piston group, the compressor drive piston 3 closes the path for gases from cylinder 2. Practice will show if these additions are necessary.

The second cylinder of the ICE 26 is shown on the right side of the figure, the piston in which is located at the bottom dead center (not shown in the figure) at the beginning of the cycle of the release of combustion products. The gas distribution valve 27 is open. To close it at the end of the cycle of the release of combustion products, the control system sets the spool 28 in the lower position (as shown in the figure). Air from the pneumatic accumulator 8 through the channels 29 and 30 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the drive of the gas distribution valve 31 and the gas distribution valve 27 is closed. On the compression stroke, the pressure of the working fluid in the cylinder 26 moves the piston of the compressor drive 4 to the left. Compressed in the left cavity of the compressor 5 through the check valve 32 enters the pneumatic accumulator 8, and air from the atmosphere through the check valve 33 is sucked into the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 5.

Thus, the claimed method of charging the pneumatic accumulator ensures the operability of the pneumatic drive of the gas distribution valve and the fuel injector of the internal combustion engine with atmospheric air of all types of internal combustion engines with an even number of cylinders.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method of driving a compressor for charging a pneumatic accumulator with atmospheric air of a pneumatic drive system for a gas distribution valve and a fuel nozzle of an internal combustion engine with a working fluid — air or a fuel mixture — from two cylinders of an internal combustion engine including an atmospheric air compression compressor comprising two compressor drive pistons, a compressor piston and non-return valves , characterized in that in one cylinder of the internal combustion engine on a compression stroke compressible working fluid giving t on the surface of the compressor drive piston, as a result of which both the compressor drive piston and the compressor piston move towards the other cylinder of the internal combustion engine, while the air from the atmosphere is compressed in one cavity of the compressor piston and fed into the pneumatic accumulator through the check valve, and into the opposite piston cavity the compressor through the check valve from the atmosphere is sucked in air, then after reaching the compressor pistons and compressor piston at the extreme point of movement on the compression stroke In the body of the second cylinder, the compressible working fluid - air or the fuel mixture - presses on the surface of the second compressor drive piston, as a result of which both the compressor drive piston and the compressor piston reverse direction and the next air accumulator charging cycle begins.

TECHNICAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION

Materials and technology for the implementation of the claimed invention do not go beyond the scope of modern capabilities.

GRAPHIC MATERIAL

Figure 1.

Scheme of a pneumatic drive of a gas distribution mechanism of an internal combustion engine with a shut-off valve.

1 - piston of an internal combustion engine; 2 - a combustion chamber; 3, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19 - pipelines and channels; 4 - shutoff valve; 5 - check valve; 6 - pneumatic accumulator; 7 - gas distribution valve; 8 - spool; 11 - the piston of the valve timing; 17 - the piston of the valve-shutoff actuator; 18 - shutoff valve; 20 - spring.

Figure 2.

The scheme of the drive of the compressor of atmospheric air with gases from the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

1 - internal combustion engine piston; 2, 26 - ICE cylinder; 3, 4 - piston drive compressor; 5 - compressor piston; 6 - a pusher; 7, 9, 32, 33 - check valve; 8 - pneumatic accumulator; 12, 31 - piston drive the gas distribution valve; 13, 27 - gas distribution valve; 15, 28 - spool; 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 29, 30 - pipelines and channels; 20 - piston of the stopper mechanism of the piston group; 21 - piston spring of the piston group stopper mechanism; 24, 25 - obturating grooves.

Claims (1)

A method of driving a compressor for charging a pneumatic accumulator with atmospheric air of a pneumatic drive system for a gas distribution valve and a fuel nozzle of an internal combustion engine with a working fluid — air or a fuel mixture — from two cylinders of an internal combustion engine including an atmospheric air compression compressor comprising two compressor drive pistons, a compressor piston and non-return valves characterized in that in one cylinder of the internal combustion engine on the compression stroke compressible working fluid t on the surface of the compressor drive piston, as a result of which both the compressor drive piston and the compressor piston move towards the other cylinder of the internal combustion engine, while the air from the atmosphere is compressed in one cavity of the compressor piston and fed into the pneumatic accumulator through the check valve, and into the opposite piston cavity the compressor through the check valve from the atmosphere is sucked in air, then after reaching the compressor pistons and compressor piston at the extreme point of movement on the compression stroke ate in the second cylinder compressible working fluid - air or fuel mixture - presses on the surface of the second drive piston of the compressor, whereby the two pistons driving the compressor and the compressor piston reverses direction and the opposite the next cycle begins pneumatic accumulator charging.

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