RU2528421C1 - Method of cleaning engine oil from ageing products and impurities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of cleaning engine oil from ageing products and impurities by mixing preheated engine oil with a resolving agent, followed by separation of the cleaned engine oil by centrifuging, wherein the resolving agent used is 0.05-0.1% of 40% ammonia solution of carbamide per volume of the cleaned oil, separation of the cleaned engine oil is carried out is carried out directly in the centrifuge of an internal combustion engine.

EFFECT: simple cleaning method and high quality of cleaning engine oil in use.

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Description

The invention relates to the purification of petroleum oils, in particular to the purification of working motor oils from aging products and contaminants, and can be used in enterprises of agricultural, automotive, construction and other industries using motor vehicles and internal combustion engines with centrifugal oil treatment systems .

A known method of purification of motor oil (RF patent No. 2221841, MGZH C10M 175/02, 2002), which consists in the fact that the oil is heated to 100-105 ° C and mixed with 50% aqueous thiocarbamide, taken in an amount of 0.5- 1% based on the weight of the oil being cleaned.

The disadvantages of this method include the following. After completion of the cleaning process, the products of thiocarbamide recrystallization remain in the oil, which subsequently provoke the formation of deposits in the oil channels of the engine. The introduction of an aqueous solution of thiocarbamide into the mass of the oil to be cleaned also initially causes it to fall to the bottom of the crankcase, which does not exclude uneven mixing and the possibility of deposition of an unstirred aqueous solution in the sills and pockets of the oil pan.

The closest known method to the declared effect achieved is a method for cleaning engine oil from aging products and contaminants (RF patent No. 2476589, IPC С10М 175/02 from 2011), which consists in the fact that 0.1 is used as a separating agent -0.3% of a 50% aqueous urea solution based on the volume of the oil being purified mixed with 1-2% of the oil being purified, followed by adding and mixing the resulting mixture in a total volume at a temperature of 80-90 ° C for 5-10 minutes.

The disadvantages of this method include the following. To implement the method requires a special device that is installed on the internal combustion engine, which complicates the cleaning method. The use of an aqueous solution of urea leads to a decrease in the quality of treatment due to its insufficiently high coagulating ability in a short period of time.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the cleaning method and improve the quality of cleaning working engine oil.

The problem is achieved in that the method of cleaning engine oil from aging products and contaminants by mixing pre-heated engine oil with a separating agent, followed by separation of the purified motor oil by centrifugation, according to the invention, 0.05-0.1% 40% is used as a separating agent ammonia urea solution based on the volume of oil to be purified, the subsequent separation of the purified engine oil is carried out directly in a centrifuge of an internal combustion engine.

The ammonia urea solution, in comparison with water, evaporates in 2-3 minutes from the drained working engine oil, creating conditions for rapid coagulation and coarsening of contaminants. In this case, urea is evenly distributed over the entire volume of engine oil. Since the solution is a strong electrolyte, the action of detergent-dispersant additives is neutralized instantly, which contributes to the rapid coagulation of finely dispersed contaminants in a running engine oil. And coagulated contaminants are easily removed by a centrifuge built into the lubrication system of the internal combustion engine.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows. Working engine oil preheated to 70-80 ° C is drained from the engine crankcase. Then, 0.05-0.1% of a 40% ammonia urea solution is added to the oil. After mixing for 2-3 minutes, the oil is poured back into the engine. They launch it. Next, the engine idles for 10-15 minutes. During this time, the purified engine oil is separated by a centrifuge of the internal combustion engine. At the end of the stage of cleaning engine oil, the engine is stopped, and the centrifuge of the lubrication system is disassembled and cleaned of contaminants. Next, the centrifuge is assembled, installed on an internal combustion engine, after which the machine is operated in the normal mode.

The results of experiments on cleaning engine oil according to the prototype and the proposed method are presented in table 1.

Table 1 The results of comparative studies of methods for cleaning working engine oils after 100 hours Indicators Working oil (source) Purified by prototype Purified by the proposed method Kinematic viscosity, mm ² / s 10.8 10.1 10,4 Alkaline number, mg KOH / g 4.2 4.1 4.1 Acid number, mg KOH / g 1.8 0.6 0.1 The pollution content,% 0.8 0.06 0,03 Water content,% 0.15 0.02 Ots. Cleaning time, min - 30-40 15-20

Analyzing the data of table 1, we can conclude that, compared with the known method, the cleaning process is simplified and the quality of cleaning of engine oil is improved. This is evidenced by a significant reduction in the amount of contaminants in the purified oil, its acid number decreases, and the cleaning time is halved. When implementing the proposed cleaning method does not require the use of a special device for additional centrifugation.

Claims (1)

The method of purification of engine oil from aging products and contaminants by mixing pre-heated engine oil with a separating agent, followed by separation of the purified motor oil by centrifugation, characterized in that 0.05-0.1% 40% ammonia solution is used as the separating agent urea based on the volume of oil being purified, the subsequent separation of the purified engine oil is carried out directly in a centrifuge of the internal combustion engine.