RU2526982C1 - Composition for associated polishing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: composition for associated polishing tool includes synthetic binder and polyrite, where the synthetic fibre is melamine formaldehyde resin. Components are in the following ratio, wt %: melamine formaldehyde - 5-25, polyrite - 75-95.

EFFECT: polishing tool obtained using said composition has high polishing capacity without using a polishing suspension and high wear resistance.

3 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to optical-mechanical processing of a wide class of materials used in instrument-making, electronic and other industries when polishing glass, ceramics, quartz and other materials. It can be used in the optical processing of surfaces of parts mainly by the method of free grinding.

A known composition for polishing optical materials [1], including an abrasive and a binder, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

abrasive - 80-90,

diene synthetic rubber - 5-20,

thermosetting resin - 0.5-15.

This tool provides high surface finish and can be used without the use of a polishing slurry of free abrasive. However, this tool has a low polishing ability and very low wear resistance, which does not allow it to be used in an industrial environment due to low technical and economic efficiency and the inability to provide the required geometric shape of the processed surface.

The closest to the technical solution to the invention is a composition for a polishing pad [2], containing a synthetic binder and polyrite, while it contains an epoxy diane resin and a 45-85% aqueous solution of ethylenediamine as a synthetic binder in the following ratio, wt.% :

epoxy dianova resin - 100,

45-85% aqueous solution of ethylenediamine - 20-80,

polite - 150-450.

Compared with the above described analogue [1], this composition of the polishing tool is characterized by increased wear resistance.

However, the main disadvantages of the composition of the prototype are the low technological performance of the tool, namely: low polishing ability of the tool with a small supply or the exclusion of the filing of the polishing suspension of polite in the polishing zone. In fact, this composition of the polishing tool can be considered rather as a material for the manufacture of polishing pad, providing the effectiveness of polishing using a polishing suspension, but not as a polishing tool.

In order to increase the polishing ability of a polishing tool without using a polishing slurry and to increase its wear resistance, the present invention proposes a composition for a bonded polishing tool comprising a polymeric binder and a polyrite, it contains a melamine-formaldehyde resin as a synthetic binder, in the following ratio, wt.%:

melamine formaldehyde resin - 5-25,

polite - 75-95.

Moreover, to increase the processing efficiency of various materials, the composition further comprises an auxiliary abrasive in an amount of 0.1-10 wt.%.

In particular, polycrystalline diamond powder is used as an auxiliary abrasive.

Distinctive features in the proposed composition for a bonded polishing tool is that melamine-formaldehyde resin is used as a binder, and a polite or a mixture of polite with an auxiliary abrasive is used as a polishing material, subject to the indicated quantitative ratio of components.

It should be noted that the positive effect and advantages of the proposed composition for a bonded polishing tool over the known analogues is ensured by the combination of all the essential distinguishing features, namely: the optimal quantitative ratio of the selected components of the composition, as well as the optimal pressing modes of the bonded polishing tool and the optimal technological operating conditions of the obtained polishing tool . Thus, the optimal quantitative ratio of components and optimal modes of tool manufacturing provide the optimal properties of a bonded polishing tool: the polishing ability of the tool without the use of auxiliary polishing slurry, tool wear resistance and the quality of processing of the optical surface of glass and other various materials.

In contrast to the prototype, where an epoxy Dianova resin is used as a binder, the presence of which leads to greasing of the tool and, as a result, requires the use of polishing powder in the suspension supplied to the polishing zone, the developed polishing tool based on the claimed composition effectively works without using the suspension polishing powders, but only with clean water.

The various compositions for the bonded polishing tool are summarized in table 1.

Table 1 Composition Compositions for Bonded Polishing Tool Component Composition, wt.% one 2 * 3 four 5 6 * 7 melamine formaldehyde resin 5 10 25 10 10 10 10 polite 95 90 75 89.9 88 85 80 polycrystalline diamond powder - - - 0.1 2 5 10 Note: 2 * - the optimal composition of the composition of the polishing tool without the use of auxiliary abrasive for polishing glass; 6 * - the optimal composition of the composition of the polishing tool using auxiliary abrasive for polishing glass and other materials.

The introduction into the composition of the auxiliary abrasive, in particular polycrystalline diamond powder with a grain size of less than 1 μm, leads to a sharp expansion of the capabilities of the polishing tool. So, if when using the composition of the composition without the use of auxiliary abrasive, the manufactured polishing tool can be effectively used for polishing glass, but cannot be used for polishing harder materials, such as sapphire.

A distinctive feature of polycrystalline diamond powders is that diamond particles several nanometers in size are sintered with each other in block forms. Polycrystalline diamonds are the only type of diamonds that have self-sharpening properties. The polycrystalline structure breaks off during processing and opens up new sharp edges. Polycrystalline diamonds can polish any materials faster than any other abrasive. At the same time, due to the nano size of the initial diamonds, the minimum depth of the broken layer and high surface cleanliness are ensured.

In addition to the optimal quantitative ratio of the components in the composition of the polishing tool, one of the primary conditions for ensuring its effectiveness is the determination of optimal manufacturing conditions. As a result of experimental studies, the optimal pressing conditions of the composition of the polishing tool were determined, which provide the optimal properties of the bonded polishing tool: the polishing ability of the tool, the wear resistance of the tool, and the processing quality of the optical surface of glass and other materials.

The tool is made as follows.

Each of the components of the composition is weighed separately with an accuracy of not more than 1%, after which the components are thoroughly mixed. In the presence of lumps and conglomerates, carefully grind the mass in a mortar first. Then re-weigh the weight of the composition. The mass is poured into a preheated mold matrix. The tool is pressed under the following optimal conditions:

- mold heating temperature - 140 ° C;

- specific pressing pressure - 290 +/- 10 kg / cm ² ;

- exposure time - 5 minutes.

The bonded polishing tool is made in the form of separate elements - tablets, which are glued to the surface of the polishing pad substrates.

The test results of the various compositions for the bonded polishing tool when polishing glass VK-7 are summarized in table 2.

Tests of various compositions for the bonded polishing tool were carried out using a 3ShP-350 type grinding and polishing machine. The processing modes were as follows:

- spindle rotation speed - 80 rpm;

- the specific pressure of the tool on the part is 0.35 kg / cm ² ;

- the amount of coolant supplied is not less than 1 liter per minute;

- polishing time in one cycle - 5 minutes.

Each composition of the composition for the polishing tool (Table 1) was tested when polishing at least 10 pieces of workpieces.

Comparative results of polishing VK-7 glass using various compositions for a bonded polishing tool are shown in Table 2.

table 2 Comparative indicators of the process of polishing glass VK-7 related polishing tool Indicator Structure one 2 * 3 four 5 6 * 7 Specific material removal, μm / min 0.4 1.4 0.1 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.6 The surface roughness, Ra, microns 0.08 0.003 0.8 0.09 0.008 0.002 0.1 The relative wear of the tool,% fifteen 2.1 4.2 fourteen 3,7 1,5 2,8

Comparative results of polishing various materials using the optimal inventive composition for a bonded polishing tool are shown in table 3.

Table 3 Comparative indicators of the process of polishing various materials using the optimal compositions 2 * without auxiliary abrasive and 6 * using auxiliary abrasive of the claimed composition for a bonded polishing tool Processed Material / Composition Indicator glass sapphire quartz 2 * 6 * 2 * 6 * 2 * 6 * Specific material removal, μm / min 1.4 1.9 0.1 0.3 2,5 3.8 The surface roughness, Ra, microns 0.002 0.003 0.11 0.008 0.01 0.004 The relative wear of the tool,% 2.1 1,5 fifteen 3.6 5,6 2,4

The test results shown in tables 2 and 3 represent the arithmetic average of all the results obtained.

As follows from table 2, the ratio of the starting components in the composition for a bonded polishing tool significantly affects the parameters of the polishing process. The table does not show the test results of the compositions for the associated polishing tool, the content of the components of which is beyond the limits specified in the claims. The corresponding parameters of the polishing processes with these transcendent compositions for a bonded polishing tool were significantly worse than the results in tables 2 and 3.

Based on the test results presented in tables 2 and 3, we can conclude that the new composition for the associated polishing tool has the following advantages over the known composition of the prototype composition:

- the exclusion of polishing powder in suspension and the transition to the use of clean water in the polishing zone significantly increases the environmental cleanliness of the polishing process and ensures a reduction in the cost of production;

- provides an increase in productivity of the polishing process by 25-50%;

- provides the possibility of highly efficient polishing of various materials, for example, all types of glasses, sapphire, quartz and other materials;

- provides improved processing quality;

- is an environmentally friendly and harmless product for staff;

- does not cause corrosion of workpieces and parts and components of grinding equipment.

Comparison with the prototype shows that the proposed polishing tool provides a significant reduction in the consumption of polishing powder, increased productivity, improved processing quality and dramatically reduces tool wear.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2095229 // Composition and method of manufacturing a polishing tool with bonded abrasive. - 1990

2. RF patent №2056450 // Composition for polishing pad. - 1992

Claims (3)

1. A composition for a bonded polishing tool containing a synthetic binder and a polyrite, characterized in that as a synthetic binder it contains a melamine-formaldehyde resin in the following ratio, wt.%:
melamine formaldehyde resin 5-25
polite 75 - 95. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an auxiliary abrasive in an amount of 0.1-10 wt.%. 3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that polycrystalline diamond powder is used as an auxiliary abrasive.