RU2526124C1 - Rdx smell simulator for training service dogs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: simulator contains a mixture of an inert carrier and an odorologic substance. As the odorologic substance applied is a mixture, which contains RDX and trinitrotoluene. The mixture is placed in an air-permeable polymer container.

EFFECT: possibility of stable memorisation of the RDX smell by a dog.

6 cl, 7 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of official dog breeding, and in particular to the field of training of service dogs, and can be used to train and smell dogs of dog training services used to search for explosives used by terrorists and members of illegal military units.

Recently, in connection with a significant increase in terrorist danger, the role of specially trained service dogs used for search activities has significantly increased.

The use of trained dogs for the detection of explosives is actively used worldwide by various services, as it allows inspection of buildings, premises, hand luggage, luggage, vehicles and cargo. The biggest advantage of the cynological service is its mobility and ability to work in unequipped rooms and field conditions, as well as the high sensitivity of dogs to the detection of explosives.

In order to teach a dog to detect explosives, it is necessary to train them using real explosives, which is associated with a great risk. In addition, it requires the use of special guarded storage facilities and landfills, accounting and control over the use of explosives as training information.

Known (Methodical recommendations “Use of odor simulators of explosives and explosive devices for training and training special dogs”, Rostov-on-Don, 1998) an explosive simulator for training dogs, which is a hollow aluminum cylinder with holes in the walls in which tissue is impregnated with a solution of RDX or TNT in an organic solvent

The disadvantage of this simulator is the low sorption capacity of the tissue, which makes it ineffective - first due to the impurity of the smell of the solvent, and then due to the decrease in the explosive content in the tissue (already low).

Known (RU, patent 2160528) is a composite simulator based on an odorologically inert material - a powder sorbent: microcrystalline cellulose, activated carbon, silica gel or polysorb, on the surface of which a polymolecular layer of explosives (TNT, hexogen, tetranitrate pentaerythritol (TEN), pore is applied the amount of not more than 5% by weight of the base, mainly 0.05-4.00%.

A significant disadvantage of the known simulator is the low content of explosives, which leads to a decrease in its effectiveness. In addition, the method of applying the multimolecular layer of explosives on the sorbent powder is not disclosed, which raises doubts about the feasibility of such a simulator.

Also known (S. Petrov, “On the assessment of the possibility of detecting explosives and devices containing them” / “Special chemistry”, No. 4. 2001, p. 7) training details of explosives (TNT, RDX, TEN, smokeless pyroxylin powder , smokeless ballistic powder, nitrocellulose with nitroglycerin, nitrate), consisting of fabric bags with powder compositions containing the above compounds in quantities safe for the instructor and dog, and not having explosive properties. They are placed in glass containers, which are installed in a packaging box.

Despite a number of positive characteristics, educational details have significant disadvantages:

- fabric bags burn and tear when working with a dog;

- absorb odors;

- the shelf life and operation does not exceed 3 months.

The closest analogue of the developed technical solution can be recognized (RU, patent 2315475) a composite explosive simulator for training search dogs based on an inert material containing an explosive substance, which is a solid body of any given shape, made by curing with water a homogeneous mixture of alabaster powder and explosive substance at the explosive content in the mixture is 5-10 wt.%.

A disadvantage of the known composite simulator is the presence of a significant amount of explosive inside the solid, which noticeably attenuates the target smell of the explosive needed to set the dog to smell. The disadvantages of the known simulator include the mechanical fragility of a solid made on the basis of alabaster, which leads to chipping of its pieces and an uncontrolled change in the content of odorological additives - explosives - in the simulator.

The technical problem solved by the developed invention is to create reliable equipment for training service dogs.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed technical solution is to enable the dog to remember the smell of RDX in a stable manner.

To achieve the indicated technical material, it was proposed to use an odor simulator of an explosive substance - RDX for training service dogs, containing a mixture of an inert carrier and a odorological substance, and a mixture containing RDX and trinitrotoluene was used as an odorological substance, while the mixture was placed in a breathable polymer container.

It was experimentally established that the presence of trinitrotoluene explosive odor in the simulator together with RDX makes it easier for the dog to remember the odor of the target RDX explosive.

The quantitative composition of the simulator of the developed composition for the detection of explosives - RDX can vary depending on the age and experience of the dog, as well as the detection limit of the smell characteristic of each particular dog. In addition, the quantitative composition of the simulator is affected by the stage of preparation of the service dog for work on the search for explosive RDX. In the first stages, when the service dog only remembers the smell of RDX, the odorological substance content should be greater, as well as the RDX content. With an increase in training time and with the memorization of this specific odor, less odorological substance with less RDX, as well as with less Trinitrotoluene, is used.

In a preferred embodiment of the simulator of the developed composition and purpose, the hexogen content in the odorological mixture is from 1 to 5% by weight of the mass of the simulator, as well as the content of trinitrotoluene.

A container in which a mixture of an inert carrier and odorological substance is placed is a bag or box. The transmission of air as a carrier of the target odor is provided using the appropriate material (low-pressure polymer film) or a system of holes made with the possibility of preventing the spill of a mixture of an inert carrier and odorological substance.

In some embodiments, the container may be made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

As an inert carrier, microcrystalline cellulose, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina, and other carriers having a finely porous structure can be used.

In the manufacture of the simulator, hexogen and trinitrotoluene are mixed in the amounts selected depending on the task. The resulting mixture is mixed in any known manner with an inert carrier. The resulting RDX simulator is placed in a breathable container and stored in an airtight container.

Below are examples of the implementation of the developed simulator of RDX odor.

1. 5 g of trinitrotoluene and 5 g of hexogen were mixed. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the mixture was mixed with 9 g of alumina. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. 5 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. A trained service dog on a construction site found both packages.

2. 3 g of trinitrotoluene and 5 g of hexogen were mixed. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the resulting mixture was mixed with 9 g of microcrystalline cellulose. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a polypropylene bag and sealed. 5 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. A trained service dog in a bus station found both packages.

3. 7 g of trinitrotoluene and 3 g of hexogen were mixed. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the mixture was mixed with 9 g of crushed activated carbon. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic box and sealed. 5 g of RDX were placed in a similar box and also sealed. A trained service dog in the conditions of a suburban railway carriage found both packages.

4. Mixed 1 g of trinitrotoluene and 2 g of hexogen. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the mixture was mixed with 9 g of alumina. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. 3 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. An experienced service dog in a building materials store found both packages.

5. Mixed 2 g of trinitrotoluene and 8 g of hexogen. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the mixture was mixed with 9 g of silica gel. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a polypropylene bag and sealed. 4 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. A trained service dog in a schoolyard found both packages.

6. Mixed 1 g of trinitrotoluene and 10 g of hexogen. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 hour. 1 gram of the mixture was mixed with 9 g of silica gel. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. 4 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. A trained service dog in the airport warehouse found both packages.

7. Mixed 5 g of trinitrotoluene and 5 g of alumina. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. 5 g of RDX were placed in a similar bag and also sealed. A trained service dog in the restaurant’s kitchen found only a packet of RDX.

Claims (6)

1. An odor simulator of an explosive substance - RDX for training service dogs, containing a mixture of an inert carrier and a odorological substance, characterized in that a mixture containing RDX and trinitrotoluene is used as a odorological substance, the mixture being placed in a breathable polymer container. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the hexogen content in the odorological mixture is from 1 to 5 wt.% By weight of the simulator. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of trinitrotoluene in the odorological mixture is from 1 to 5 wt.% By weight of the simulator. 4. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is a bag or box. 5. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is made of polyethylene or polypropylene. 6. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that microcrystalline cellulose, silica gel, activated carbon, aluminum oxide and other carriers having a finely porous structure are used as an inert carrier.