RU2558428C2 - Training props of smells of explosive substances for dog service - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of service dog breeding, namely to field of service dogs training. Training props of smells of explosive substances for dog service contains mixture of inert substrate and odorologic additive. As odorologic additive it contains mixture, containing trotyl and PENT and/or octogen and/or tetryl, with content of odorologic additive constituting not more than 5 wt % of training props weight. As inert substrate microcrystalline cellulose, silicagel, activated carbon, aluminium oxide and other substrates, which have finely-porous structure, including woven fabrics on natural or artificial base, are used.

EFFECT: application of invention will make it possible to provide safe trainings of dogs with application of training props, completely identical to real ammunition.

2 cl, 6 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of official dog breeding, and in particular to the field of training of service dogs, and can be used to train and smell dogs of dog training services used to search for explosives, including those used by terrorists and members of illegal military formations of explosives.

Known (RU, patent 2261858, publ. 2000) training props simulating explosives, the basis of which is made of sorption material - microcrystalline cellulose, or activated charcoal, or silica gel, or polysorb, with a polymolecular layer of explosive taken in the amount of not more than 5.00% by weight of the sorption material.

The disadvantage of the famous simulator should be recognized as the complexity of manufacturing, as well as the narrow specialization of the finished props - the smell of only one explosive.

Known (RU, patent 2388218, publ. 2010) is a simulator of the smell of explosives for training cynological activities when posing dogs for the smell of explosives, which is a cast body made from a mass obtained by adding up to 1% explosive with stirring in magnesia cement substances in the form of TNT, or RDX, or HMX, or pyroxylin powder, or varnish powder, or ballistic powder, or nitroglycerin, or ammonium nitrate, or TEN.

A disadvantage of the well-known imitator should be recognized as a significant loss of the source of odor - explosive - caught inside a solid body and not having contact with the surrounding air. In addition, it reproduces the smell of only one explosive.

Also known (RU, patent 2364080, publ. 2009) is an odor simulator of explosives, which is a lithium sorption material on which a chromatographically pure sample of explosive is applied, and odorologically purified porous cellulose with porosity from 35 to 60% is used as sheet sorption material. from the visible surface of the sheet sorption material and a pore size no greater than the area of 0.025 mm ^2, while applying an explosive in an amount of from 1 ng / cm ² to 1 mg / cm ² per apparent n surface sorption sheet material is produced by precipitating the explosive onto said sorption material from their dilute solutions in readily volatile organic solvents or vapor in a vacuum chamber.

A disadvantage of the known simulator should be recognized as the complexity of manufacturing technology. In addition, it reproduces the smell of only one explosive.

Known (RU patent 2467564, publ. 2012) is an odor simulator of improvised explosive devices based on nitrogen-containing compounds, containing an inert carrier, on the surface of which a odorological substance is applied, and a mixture containing aluminum powder or powder, as well as nitrogen fertilizers, is used as a odorological substance containing ammonium nitrate with a nitrogen content of at least 34 wt.%.

A disadvantage of the known simulator should be recognized as a narrow scope (only improvised explosive devices based on nitrogen-containing compounds), as well as its unsuitability for posing dogs with the smell of industrially produced explosives.

The closest analogue of the developed technical solution can be recognized (RU, patent 2315475, publ. 2008) a composite simulator of explosives for training search dogs based on an inert material containing explosive. The known simulator is a solid body of any given shape, made by curing with water a homogeneous mixture of alabaster powder and explosive with an explosive content in the mixture of 5-10 wt.%.

A disadvantage of the well-known imitator should be recognized as a significant loss of the source of odor - explosive - caught inside a solid body and not having contact with the surrounding air. In addition, it reproduces the smell of only one explosive.

The technical problem solved by the developed invention is to create a comprehensive props for training service dogs.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed technical solution is to enable the dog to memorize the smell of several industrially produced explosives using one training attribute.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use the developed training props for explosive odors for the dog service, containing a mixture of an inert carrier and a odorological additive, and as a odorological additive, the props contains a mixture containing TNT and TEN, and / or octogen, and / or tetrile, and the content of odorological additives is not more than 5 wt.% by weight of the props.

It was experimentally established that the presence of trinitrotoluene explosive odor in a simulator accelerates the dog memorizing the smell of a target explosive.

The advantages of this attribute include the fact that it gives a complex smell of explosives, which the trained dog remembers. In real practice, it is almost always not known what type of explosive a terrorist uses. In addition, a terrorist can use a mixture of various explosives in one charge. Setting the dog on the complex smell of a mixture of explosives further facilitates its work.

The quantitative content of the components in the props for the detection of explosives may vary depending on the age and experience of the dog, as well as the detection limit of the smell characteristic of each particular dog.

In a preferred embodiment, the content of each explosive in the odorological mixture is at least 1% of the mass of the props, and the total amount of all explosives used in the props is not more than 5% of the mass of the props. The indicated amount even at the initial stage of setting a service dog with average odor abilities provides an initial stable memorization of a combination of odors, which includes the smells of explosives.

As an inert carrier, microcrystalline cellulose, silica gel, activated carbon, aluminum oxide, and other carriers having a finely porous structure, including woven materials on natural and artificial bases, can be used.

In the manufacture of educational props, powdered explosives are mixed in quantities selected depending on the task. The resulting mixture is mixed in any known manner with an inert carrier. The obtained educational requisite for smelling explosives is placed in a breathable container and stored in an airtight container.

A container in which a mixture of an inert carrier and odorological substance is placed is a bag or box. The transmission of air as a carrier of the target odor is ensured by using an appropriate material (low-pressure polymer film) or a system of holes made with the possibility of preventing the spill of a mixture of inert carrier and odorological substance.

In some embodiments, the container may be made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

The following are examples of the implementation of the developed educational requisite for setting the smell of explosives.

1. 5 g of tetryl and 5 g of TNT were mixed. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 1 h. 1 g of the resulting mixture was mixed with 50 g of single-crystalline cellulose. Mixing was carried out in a rotary mixer for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. The young dog remembered the smell of tetril on the second day of smelling and confidently found the bookmarks of tetril and TNT, as well as a mixture of these explosives. When used as a training attribute, known from the closest analogue, the smell of tetril was memorized with the discovery of bookmarks on day 6. Then separately for 5 days there was a memorization of the smell of TNT with the formation of bookmarks.

2. 5 g of HMX and 5 g of TNT were mixed. For the rest, the conditions of Example 1 were repeated. The dog drained by the smell of explosives remembered the smells of HMX and TNT on day 6 with the confident detection of bookmarks of RDX, HMX and TNT, as well as their mixtures in any combination. When using the details known from the closest analogue, memorizing the smell of all three explosives with confident detection of bookmarks was achieved within 17 days.

3. Mixed 2 g of HMX, and 3 g of TENA, and 1 g of TNT. As an inert carrier, crushed activated carbon was used. The rest repeated the conditions of example 1. When setting the smell of explosives, the effect of memorizing the smell of all three explosives was achieved in 6 days. Checking the effect was carried out by searching for bookmarks containing both individual explosives and their mixtures in various combinations. A similar effect when using props, known from the closest analogue, was achieved in 22 days.

4. 2 g of HMX, 1 g of TENA, 1 g of tetryl and 1 g of TNT were mixed. The rest repeated the conditions of example 1. When setting the smell of explosives, the effect of memorizing the smell of all four explosives was achieved in 7 days. Checking the effect was carried out by searching for bookmarks containing both individual explosives and their mixtures in various combinations. A similar effect when using props, known from the closest analogue, was achieved in 27 days.

5. Repeat example 3 without the use of TNT. The trained dog confidently found bookmarks of individual explosives, as well as their mixtures for 23 days.

6. Repeat example 4 without the use of TNT. The trained dog confidently found bookmarks of individual explosives, as well as their mixtures for 29 days.

From experience with service dogs trained to search for explosives, it follows that the use of the developed training props during the dog’s habit provides faster smelling of industrially produced explosives with a simplified technology for manufacturing props.

Claims (2)

1. The training attribute of the smell of explosives for the dog service, containing a mixture of an inert carrier and a odorological additive, characterized in that as a odorological additive it contains a mixture containing TNT and TEN, and / or octogen, and / or tetryl, and the content of the odorological additive is not more than 5 wt.% of the mass of the props. 2. The requisite according to claim 1, characterized in that microcrystalline cellulose, silica gel, activated carbon, aluminum oxide and other carriers having a finely porous structure, including woven materials on natural and artificial bases, are used as an inert carrier.