RU2521190C1 - Powered roof support for steep seams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: powered roof comprises basic and linear sections. Note here that manipulator with grippers is mounted at basic section base to displace said linear section after face advance and for installation and dismantling works. Besides, basic section goaf guard is composed of sliding pneumatic blade with the set of air cushions makes a thrust element that cuts off rock structures hung above the stull. Linear section incorporates air post as a thrust composed by a polymer film sleeve reinforced by polymer rings to rest on hardware compartment capsule. Linear section beam is coated with resilient polymer ply to facilitate the contact between lining and roof block structures.

EFFECT: higher stability, ease of installation and dismantling.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the coal industry, in particular to the field of mechanized fastening of mine workings when mining coal from powerful and medium power steep seams, in the conditions of a movable block roof, with a dynamic manifestation of rock pressure.

Presumably there should not be high loads on the support at a steep fall in the conditions of rock bypass from the upper previously worked out horizon and add-on of the formation roof to ¾ of the lava. Naturally, VNIMI scientists recommended reducing the load-bearing capacity of the lining to 30 tons per section. However, during tests of the AK-3 and KPK supports, frequent bloating of hydraulic stands was observed, which allowed scientists of KuzNIUI to draw conclusions about increasing the supporting capacity of the supports to 60 tons per section [6, 7]. A feature of the collapse of such a roof is the great mobility of the blocks and the formation of arched structures in the worked out space with the transfer of the weight of the collapsed rocks to the lining, which led to hydroblows and bloating of hydraulic pillars. In our opinion, it is not necessary to increase the lining resistance, but the lining adaptability to the dynamic manifestations of rock pressure by “cutting” the console of the rocks hanging behind the lining, facilitating the lining by improving the design and use of polymers, as well as replacing the hydraulic struts with pneumatic expansion elements.

The relevance of the invention:

“... the creation of effective means of mechanization for coal mining from steep seams is a very difficult scientific and design problem, not only in Russia but also abroad.

To date, no effective technology and safe technology for mining steep formations has been created. Therefore, in many coal-mining countries, such layers are not practiced, but preserved. The problem of creating integrated mechanization tools for mining steep formations remains relevant for the Kuzbass ”(from documents of the Kuzbass Department of Coal Industry and Energy, 2008). “The 21st century is the CENTURY OF COAL ENERGY,” said Leontyev A.I. Recent research by scientists shows that coal deposits contain significant amounts of gold and other metals valuable to industry. That is why we - techies are persistently inventing means of mechanization in the conditions of a destroyed industry, the closure of mines and the absence of the Ministry of Coal Industry. We believe that destroyers will be replaced by creator rulers.

Powerful steep formations are traditionally worked out by sub-floor drifts - 7.68%, sectionless elastic shields and sectional rigid shields - 50-60% of production.

For excavation of powerful and medium power steep formations in conditions where it is impossible to use development systems with collapse, 53% in permanent pillars, under development surfaces and in areas under fires, development systems are used with laying out the developed space with inclined layers [1, 2]. The load for slaughter in powerful steep formations does not exceed 9-11 thousand tons per month, the labor productivity of the worker is about 10 tons per shift (in the mining section), subsoil losses amount to 40-45% [3].

The reason for the low efficiency of systems is the lack of mechanization of the main technological processes.

One of the areas of mechanization of technological processes for the extraction of steep powerful formations is the creation of mechanized supports based on the experience of creating mechanized supports for steep formations of medium power.

The features of the development of thick strata with pillars along strike along the roof collapse are as follows. The amount of coal removed is multiplied. This means that the framing of the main roof is reduced, which leads to large hangs of the roof, rapid dynamic manifestation of rock pressure and increased loads on the roof support ...

An increase in the height of the lining and its metal consumption leads to an increase in the overturning moment and the tendency of the lining to creep.

Known mechanized support for steep seams [4], including a base stand, divided into base sections, each of which consists of a front and block walls with pneumatic struts and shanks connecting the front and block walls along the soil of the formation, and linear sections, each of which consists of an upper, a shoe, a thrust element in the form of a series of air struts, a guard element in the form of a capsule of the hardware compartment, a sliding element in the form of an air lift with a lock-lock, a flat frame with roller bearings for amort congestion, having the ability to move inside the shanks of the base section, characterized in that the spacer element consists of a multi-chamber air bag inserted in the concave cavity of the upper and acting as a flexible hinge, and a single-chamber air bag system located under it, divided by hard thin disks into tiers, the bearing capacity of which increases, in the direction from the upper to the base of the lining section.

Such a lining is stable, well adapted to the dynamic manifestations of rock pressure, however, the presence of a hard top does not improve the contact of the lining with the block roof and does not reduce the hanging of consoles and block structures over the lining.

The lining [5], which includes basic and linear sections, has similar properties. Distinctive features of the lining are:

1. The movable support consists of two lightweight disks, seated through bearings on an axis, between which there is a clamping bar with springs on top, transmitting their efforts to the same axis of the support through a bearing located under it.

2. Between the capsule and the base plate of the linear section there is a sliding hood with a hydraulic corkscrew device, inside of which there is a shock-absorbing pillow, which serves simultaneously as an extension element of the linear section.

3. On the obstruction wall, an organ row of light spillway hydraulic stands is installed, which contributes to the “circumcision” of suspended rocks at the boundary of the bottomhole lava space.

The advantages of this or that design can be revealed only during their operation. But the drawbacks are the same - the presence of a hard top, a very bulky base section with sliding traverses and the use of hydraulic racks, which makes the lining heavier and worsens its stability. In this lining, an attempt was made to eliminate the hanging of rocks above the lining by punching an organ row of hydroracks. This idea is useful, and the invention [5] is most acceptable as a prototype.

The OBJECT of the INVENTION is the creation of a stable and efficient mechanized lining, the most suitable for the development of steep formations with a capacity of up to 6 m long posts along the strike with block collapse of the roof.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the blocking fence of the base section is made in the form of a sliding pneumatic knife, the most effective for "cutting" consoles and block structures hovering over the lining; It is proposed to lay a thick layer of elastic polyurethane or synthetic rubber over the top of the linear section, which should improve the contact of the lining with a stepped block structure of the roof; the use of a thin strong film with stiffening ribs in the form of polymer hoops as a pneumatic stand made of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic allows you to provide the support lugs needed for powerful layers and significantly facilitate the lining as a whole. As a mechanism for moving the lining, it is proposed to use a manipulator with grippers, which is placed on the basis of the base section. After the strip of coal is removed and the linear section is unloaded, the manipulator transfers the linear section to the bottom and sets it in a strictly perpendicular position to the formation soil and with the necessary displacement along the uprising. After expanding the linear section, the manipulator pulls up the unloaded base section. Also, the manipulator is used for installation and dismantling operations in the lava. Most of the lining elements should be made of polymers, and hydraulic power elements have been replaced by pneumatic ones. This is the reserve to facilitate the support and increase its stability.

Coal mining is carried out by the apparatus of physical destruction. The control electronics is protected from vibration by coating the capsule body with a layer of porous rubber or polymer.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the lining section, figure 2 is a view of the block fence with a slit, figure 3 is a view of the lining from above with a section.

The lining consists of basic and linear sections, as well as the mechanism for their movement. The lining includes:

an elastic layer of polymer 1, covering the upper 2;

pneumatic strut strut, the casing of which is made of a durable polymer film 3 with stiffening ribs in the form of polymer hoops 4;

a capsule of the hardware compartment 5 with an opening window 6, necessary for the operation of the extraction organ of the physical destruction of coal 7 and for repair;

shoe 8, which is a thickened bottom of the capsule 5;

the soil level of the formation is conventionally shown by line 9;

pneumatic sliding knife 10 with a number of air bags 11 placed inside it;

a manipulator 12 with grippers 13 mounted on the basis of the base section 14.

The proposed mechanized lining has the following distinctive features.

Firstly, the blocking fence of the base section is made in the form of a pneumatic sliding knife with a number of air bags as an element of pressure.

Secondly, the linear section has a pneumatic stand as an expansion element, which is a sleeve of a polymer film reinforced with polymer hoops that rests on the capsule of the hardware compartment, while the top of the linear section is covered with an elastic polymer layer.

Thirdly, the movement mechanism is a gripper mounted on the basis of the base section, which transfers the linear section after the movement of the face and then pulls the base.

Progress

The extraction cycle begins with the destruction of coal in a physical way such as a laser, ultrasound or a jet of high pressure water. The mining control equipment is located in capsule 5. Coal is delivered by gravity along a lava at a steep fall. It is likely that the strip of destroyed coal will be no more than 15-20 cm, the excavation cycle will be short, which will not allow having high loads on the lining, but will require high speeds of movement of the face.

When moving the lining unloaded pneumatic 3, the linear section of the manipulator 12 is transferred to the bottom and bursts. Then the manipulator, relying on the grips 13 on the open linear section, pulls the base section, while the pneumatic knife is unloaded.

Correction of the lining by the uprising of the formation and by the installation angle of the linear section is easily carried out by the manipulator. All installation and dismantling work in the lava is carried out using the same manipulator.

The technical and economic benefits of the implementation of this invention are obvious: due to the lack of workable supports, huge coal reserves in steep seams are preserved. There will come a time when a little coal will save humanity.

Information sources

1. Improving the development of coal seams of the Prokopyevsk-Kiselevsky field of the Kuzbass. Collection of works. Prokopyevsk, 1972.

2. Khorin V.N. Development of technology for underground mining of coal, potash and manganese ores. M .: Nedra, 1985, p.148-167).

3. Orlov A.A. and others. Fastening and roof management in complex mechanized working faces. - M .: Nedra, 1993, p. 217-279.

4. Patent RU 2447288C1. E21D 23/00, Bull. No. 10, 2012.

5. Patent RU 2461714C1. E21D 23/00, Bull. No. 26, 2012.

6. K.A. Ardashev, A.A. Perfilov (VNIMI), A.M. Dolinsky (Giprouglemash). Test results for the AK unit. M., "Mining machines and automation", 3, 1972.

7. K.A. Ardashev, V.M. Shik, A.A. Perfilov. The study of interaction with the side rocks and the controllability of the AK unit on a steep formation. Leningrad, Proceedings ATTENTION. Sat 85, 1972.

Claims (1)

Mechanized support for steep seams, including base and linear sections, characterized in that on the basis of the base section there is a manipulator with grippers, which serves to transfer the linear section after the movement of the face, as well as to perform installation and dismantling works, while the blocking fence of the base section made in the form of a pneumatic sliding knife with a number of air bags as a spacer element, cutting off block structures of rocks hanging above the support, the linear section has a spacer element a pneumatic stand, which is a sleeve of a polymer film reinforced with polymer hoops, which rests on a capsule of the hardware compartment, while the top of the linear section is covered with an elastic polymer layer that improves contact of the roof support with block roof structures.

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