RU2518885C1 - Method of removing powder gases from crew compartment of tank while shooting from main armament - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method of removing powder gases from the crew compartment of tank while shooting from the main armament is that when making a shot from the gun the breech moves in two directions: the first during the recoil and the second during the run-out. Near the breech a fixed cylinder is placed in which the movable piston is located, rigidly mounted through the stem with the breech. When making a shot during the recoil of the gun the breech movement with the piston is carried out. In the working cavity of the cylinder the area of rarefaction of air is formed and the air near the breech saturated with powder gases is sucked through the first one-way valve into the working cavity of the cylinder, and is kept there till run-out of the gun. During the run-out the piston in the cylinder moves in the opposite direction, the air is forced through the second one-way valve along the pipeline in the channel of the gun barrel, its forced blowdown and removal of air with the powder gases from the crew compartment is carried out.

EFFECT: reduction of the overall level of gas concentration of the crew compartment due to energy of recoil and run-out of the tank weapon.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, in particular to methods for reducing the gas contamination of inhabited departments by powder gases, the source of which is the armament of the tank.

There is a method of removing powder gases from the military compartment of a military tracked vehicle when firing from the main armament, when the removal of powder gases is carried out by an exhaust ventilation system with a fan inside the inhabited compartments (see Technical description, airborne combat vehicle (BMD-1). Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense 1973 , p. 390, 392 Open Edition).

In addition, there is a method of removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from the main armament for the T-72A tank, which consists in the fact that the filter-ventilation unit provides the supply of purified air to the fighting compartment and the control compartment of the machine and creates excessive pressure in them (backwater) , and also carries out ventilation of the indicated compartments, thereby reducing the gas contamination when firing from a cannon and machine gun (see Technical description and operating instructions for the T-72A tank, book two, part two. Military and datelstvo USSR Ministry of Defense in 1989, p.118 Open edition. Prototype).

The known method of removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from the main armament allows the creation of air pressure in the inhabited compartments and partially reduces the overall level of gas contamination by powder gases. However, this method does not allow for full ventilation of the inhabited compartments during intensive firing, to reduce the maximum permissible concentration of carbon monoxide to a safe value, as a result of which crew failure (death) may occur.

The objective of the present invention is to remove powder gases during firing from the breech zone of the tank gun located in the fighting compartment of the tank, a general reduction in the level of maximum permissible concentration of powder gases that appear when using weapons.

The technical result of the proposed invention is the removal of powder gases from the area of the breech of the gun, in which the highest concentration of powder gases is located, without the expense of electricity, using the energy of the rollback and rollback of tank weapons, and reducing the overall gas contamination of the fighting compartment.

Moreover, the method for removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from the main armament is based on the fact that the energy of the recoil and rolling of the tank gun is used to remove the powder gases generated in the fighting compartment in the breech zone by installing a fixed cylinder near it and located in cylinder with a movable piston rigidly fixed to the recoil parts of the gun (breech), into which air containing powder gases is forced to flow (suck in) due to the rarefaction of air in it during the movement of the piston in the cylinder during the rollback of the gun, then under the pressure created when the gun is rolled, they are removed from the cylinder and the fighting compartment through the pipeline into the barrel channel, they are additionally purged.

A method for removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from the main armament, which consists in the fact that when a shot is fired from a cannon, the breech moves in two directions: in the first during the rollback and in the second during the coast, there is a stationary cylinder in which there is a movable the piston is rigidly fixed through the rod with the breech, when a shot is fired during the recoil of the gun, the breech moves with the piston, a rarefaction zone of air and air near the breech are formed in the working cavity of the cylinder saturated with powder gases, through the first one-way valve is sucked into the working cavity of the cylinder and is there until the gun is rolled, when rolling the piston in the cylinder moves in the opposite direction, air is forced through the second one-way valve through the pipeline into the channel of the gun barrel, it is forced to purge and removal of air with powder gases from the fighting compartment.

) показано движение воздуха, насыщенного пороховыми газами.The invention is illustrated in figure 1, which shows a device that provides a method for removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from main weapons, where 1 is a fighting compartment; 2 - fixed cylinder; 3 - piston with a rod; 4 - the first one-way valve; 5 - the second one-way valve; 6 - pipeline release of powder gases; 7 - working cavity of the cylinder; 8 - breech (gas source); 9 - barrel bore. Dotted arrows (

) shows the movement of air saturated with powder gases.

When making a shot from a tank gun, the breech (gas source) rolls back with the barrel, moving a rigidly fixed rod with a piston, which is located in a fixed cylinder, fixed near the breech. The working cavity of the cylinder has two one-way valves. In the working cavity of the cylinder during rollback and movement of the piston, a vacuum is formed. At the same time, air containing powder gases near the breech (gas source) is sucked in through the first one-way valve, which does not allow this air to pass in the opposite direction, into the fighting compartment and is in the working cavity of the cylinder before rolling. When rolling, the piston, moving with the breech in the opposite direction, creates pressure in the working cavity of the cylinder. Air is displaced from the working cavity of the cylinder into the pipeline for the release of powder gases and through the second one-way valve located in it, which also does not allow gases to pass back into the working cavity of the cylinder, the removal of powder gases from the working cavity of the cylinder into the channel of the barrel of the tank gun is carried out, it is forced to purge and reducing air pollution in the fighting compartment.

An example of the method

When making a shot from a tank gun, the breech (gas source) 8 rolls back along with the bore 9, moving a rigidly fixed piston with a rod 3, which is located in a stationary cylinder 2, fixed near the breech (gas source) 8. The working cavity cylinder 7 has two one-way valves. In the working cavity of the cylinder 7 during the rollback and movement of the piston with the rod 3, a vacuum is formed. Air containing powder gases near the breech (gas source) 8 is sucked in through the first one-way valve 4. When rolling, the piston with the rod 3, moving with the breech (gas source) 8 and the bore 9 in the opposite direction, creates pressure in the working cavity of the cylinder 7 . Air is displaced from the working cavity of the cylinder 7 into the pipeline for the release of powder gases 6 and through a second one-way valve 5. The powder gases are removed from the working cavity of the cylinder 7 into the barrel channel of the tank gun 9, it is forced to purge and remove powder gases from the fighting compartment 1.

The proposed method allows to reduce the level of gas contamination in the breech zone of the tank gun, the general level of the maximum permissible concentration of powder gases in the fighting compartment and to reduce the likelihood of a crew failure.

Literature

1. Technical description landing combat vehicle (BMD-1) Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense 1973 p. 390, 392. Open publication.

2. Technical description and operating instructions for the T-72A tank book two, part two. Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense 1989 p.118 Open edition. Prototype.

Claims (1)

A method for removing powder gases from the fighting compartment of a tank when firing from the main armament, which consists in the fact that when a shot is fired from a cannon, the breech moves in two directions: in the first during the rollback and in the second during the coast, there is a stationary cylinder in which there is a movable the piston is rigidly fixed through the rod with the breech, when a shot is fired during the recoil of the gun, the breech moves with the piston, a rarefaction zone of air and air near the breech are formed in the working cavity of the cylinder saturated with powder gases, through the first one-way valve is sucked into the working cavity of the cylinder and is there until the gun is rolled, when rolling the piston in the cylinder moves in the opposite direction, air is forced through the second one-way valve through the pipeline into the channel of the gun barrel, it is forced to purge and removal of air with powder gases from the fighting compartment.