RU2513785C1 - Method for complex development of coal deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes performance of stripping and clearing mining works in opencast manner. At the same time working sites are arranged at the ledges with release of beds. As the cut reaches the border of the mining allotment along the depth, they arrange a cross-cut from the bottom of the stripping mine cut, and the cross-cut is made at a small angle upwards for organisation of self-flow hydraulic transport of coal, to open all beds of coal measures lying in the border zone. Along the beds indicated for further mining, from the cross cut to both sides at the small angle upwards they arrange drifts. On the soil of the cross cut and drifts they lay chutes for organisation of self-flow transport of pulp. From the working site of the ledge along with bed slope they drill a well to a drift, in which a hydraulic monitor and a pipe column are installed. Damage of the coal around the well is carried out by a hydraulic monitor jet in the reverse order. Broken coal is transported along chutes of the cross cut to the bottom of the cut, where it is accumulated in both and more reservoirs without mixing. For more efficient development of the field it is possible to mine simultaneously two and more beds with different compositions of the coal substance.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of complex development of coal field.

8 dwg

Description

The alleged invention relates to mining, in particular to the integrated development of a coal deposit, including a suite of formations of different capacities containing valuable chemical elements, and open-pit mining of steep and steeply inclined formations from a ledge of a coal mine by means of hydromechanization.

A known method of conducting opencast mining, in which the development of the rock, its transportation and laying in the dump is made using the energy of moving water [1]. The disadvantage of this method is that it provides for the hydromechanization of the development of overburden and does not apply to the development of the actual coal seam, i.e. the use of hydromechanization means only when preparing a coal seam for excavation.

There is a method of open-pit coal mining, including overburden and mining operations, subsequent open-pit mining from the bottom of the open pit, installation of a hydraulic monitor with pipe laying, destruction of coal around the production of a hydraulic jet in reverse order and pumping the pulp to the surface [2]. The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the collapse of the roof rocks at the far boundary of the mine leads to dilution of the pulp, as a result of which increased coal losses in the bowels are allowed;

- increased energy and material costs for pumping the pulp to the level of the bottom of the cut, since two pipes are required: for supplying water and pumping out the pulp;

- increased material and labor costs for installation and dismantling of the fastening workings due to the need for a large number of such workings;

- the lack of complexity in the development of the deposit, since thin and very thin coal seams, even with a relatively high content of valuable chemical elements, cannot be worked out in this way, since conducting opencast workings in such seams requires increased labor, materials and time

These shortcomings reduce the effectiveness of integrated development of a coal field.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of integrated development of a coal deposit by involving in the development of coal seams with an industrial content of valuable chemical elements lying in the contour zone of the section, by open-underground mining of them hydraulically.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of integrated development of a coal deposit, including overburden and mining operations using an open method, the subsequent opencast mining from the bottom of the cut, the installation of a hydraulic monitor with pipe laying, the destruction of coal around the production of a jet of water in a reverse order and pumping the pulp to the surface, when conducting opencast mining on the ledges, form working platforms with the output of the strata making up the reserves of the marginal zone of the section, as an opening of the 1st generation, they use a cross-drill, which is carried out at a slight angle upwards for organizing gravity hydrotransport of coal and with which all layers of the suite located in the near-edge zone are opened, drifts are carried out from the cross-section on both sides at a slight angle upward, on the soil trench and drifts are laid in the gutter, from the working platform of the ledge by the dip of the formation they drill a well until the drift, the hydraulic monitor and pipes are mounted in the well, hydraulic breaking of coal from the well is simultaneously carried out by two or more idromonitorami in different layers with different compositions of matter of the coal, the coal is transported on a batted troughs crosscut to the bottom section, where it accumulates in two or more tanks without mixing.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams. In Fig.1 shows a diagram of the opening of the marginal reserves of the section; figure 2 is the same, plan view; figure 3 - node B, marked in figure 1; figure 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 - cross section of the cross-head with a different number and order of installation of the gutters.

The method is implemented as follows. When conducting overburden and sewage mining operations within the mining allotment of the section, working platforms are formed on ledges so that the layers in the coal substance of which industrial contents of valuable chemical elements are found and occur in the contour zone of the section go to the working site. When the cut reaches the boundary of the mining allotment along the depth of development approximately in its middle part from the bottom of the cut, a cross-link 1 is carried out at a slight angle upwards (to organize gravity hydraulic transport), crossing all the layers of the developed formation. Drifts 2, 3, 4, 5 in different directions from the crosshairs at a slight angle upward are carried out for the strata that make up the marginal reserves of the section and planned for further development because of the industrial content of valuable chemical elements-impurities in them to organize gravity hydrotransport of the pulp. On the soil of each drift, a chute 6 is laid, providing gravity hydraulic transport of the pulp to the cross-link 1. On the soil of the cross-drain 1, means of gravity hydraulic transport of the pulp are also laid in the form of a chute, but not one, but at least two 7 and 8 (3, 4, 5 and more can be installed gutters, depending on the number of coal seams being simultaneously developed by the hydraulic method). The groove 6, installed in the drift 3, is connected by an angular link 9 to the groove 7, installed in the pivot 1, and the groove 6, installed in the drift 4, is connected to the groove 8 in the same way, thereby organizing two transport chains in one output - the pivot 1. at the bottom of the cut, by extracting coal from the lower layer of the formation, a pulp collector 10 is formed, which accumulates the pulp coming in through the groove 7, and a similar pulp collector 11, which accumulates the pulp coming in through the groove 8. A hydro-tight partition 12 is kept between the pulp collectors.

The extraction of coal from the seams that make up the marginal reserves of the section is carried out by a hydraulic method. At the same time, two layers are developed at once (and more can be) containing coals with different valuable chemical elements. A well is drilled from the working platform of the ledge along the dip line to the drift. In the well, they are mounted becoming high-pressure pipes with a hydraulic monitor. With the supply of high-pressure water, coal begins to be hydrotreated near the drift in the remote monitoring mode of the hydraulic monitor. As the chamber is washed out to the effective range of the jet stream, the pipes become smaller, removing unnecessary links, thereby raising the hydraulic monitor up the well. The pulp flows formed in the face of each layer along the gutters by gravity reach their pulp collectors, without mixing anywhere. From the pulp collector, the pulp is pumped to the surface for subsequent extraction of valuable chemical elements.

The formation at the bottom of two (or more) accumulating pulp collectors. and gravity transportation of two (or more) streams allows simultaneous development of two (or more) formations with different contents of valuable chemical elements both in quantity and quality. This allows the use of water energy for the development of coal seams during the summer season.

Thus, during the development of a coal deposit, reserves that are usually not developed by a mine will be taken out, as raw materials for obtaining valuable chemical elements contained in coal seams that make up the marginal reserves of a mine; the mined-out space of the bottom of the section will be used to accumulate pulps of various compositions. The above indicates the complexity of the development of a coal field. The use of the hydraulic method of coal mining allows you to organize a virtually uninhabited excavation, since during the hydraulic breaking of coal and its transportation through the gutters, the presence of maintenance personnel is not required either in the working face or in the transport workings. The division of the bottom of the section into several accumulating slurry collectors in conjunction with the organization of several gravity transport streams that enable simultaneous mining of coal seams of different quality, indicates an increase in the efficiency of development of the deposit, and this is the purpose of the invention.

Information sources

1. Bokiy B.V. Mining, Moscow, Ugletekhizdat, 1953, pp. 560-563 (analogue);

2. Muchnik V.S., Holland E.B., Marcus M.N. Underground hydraulic coal mining. / M .: Nedra, 1986, p. 78, fig. 3.11 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method for the integrated development of a coal field, including overburden and opencast mining operations by open pit method, subsequent open-pit mining from the bottom of the cut, installation of a hydraulic monitor with pipe laying, destruction of coal around the production of a hydraulic jet stream in the reverse order, and pumping the pulp to the surface, characterized in that open mining operations on the ledges form working platforms with the output of the strata that make up the reserves of the marginal zone, using an openwork as an opening mine log, which is carried out at a slight angle upwards for the organization of gravity hydrotransport of coal and with which all the layers of the suite located in the near-boundary zone are opened, along the layers planned for further development, drifts are carried out from the pitcher in both directions at a slight angle upward, on the soil of the pivot shutter and drifts gutters are laid, from the working platform of the ledge by the dip of the formation, they drill a well before drift, the hydraulic monitor and pipes are installed in the well, the hydraulic breakdown of coal is simultaneously carried out by two or more hydraulic monitors in different layers from different with coal compositions, the broken coal is transported along the grooves of the cross to the bottom of the cut, where it is accumulated in two or more containers without mixing.

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