RU2511207C1 - Method of topographic surveying system operation within automated troop control system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military equipment, namely to methods of mobile navigation and topographic survey unit functioning in cooperation with automated troop control system (ATCS), and can be applied to solve tasks of topographic and geodetic preparation for ground hostilities. Topographic surveying system is incorporated in ATCS data exchange system and is connected with automated workstations of ATCS objects, data exchange is implemented by unified exchange protocol of ATCS objects for high-precision navigation and time data, and for differential adjustments generated in control and correction mode and obtained by quality analysis of navigation fields of space navigation systems GLONASS and GPS. Therefore, communication and data transfer of the topographic survey system interacts with communications of ATCS objects by application of similar hardware ensuring technical and data compatibility by automated exchange of messages generated by a unified structure and using common formalisation rules and common field and tactical terms and definitions according to an information distribution plan which serves as a basis for network data transfer from source subscriber to receiver subscriber. Digital topographic and geodetic information takes form of digital cartographic database containing information on a location, coordinates of local geodetic networks points generated by topographic survey system, data on current situation, provided by ATCS executive officials, current database on actual route and relative positions of battle array elements. Topographic survey system operates in two basic modes of control and adjustment station mode: operational data transfer mode and post-processing of collected data from GLONASS and GPS space satellites for further differential adjustment.EFFECT: method of topographic surveying system operation within automated troop control system, ensuring obtainment and transmission of topographical, geodetic and adjustment information to automated troop control system in automatic mode via communication and data transfer lines.1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, and in particular to methods of functioning of mobile navigation and topographic location systems in the conditions of interaction in an automated command and control system (ASUV), and can be used to solve tasks of topographic and geodetic training of combat operations of the Ground Forces.

A known method of functioning of a mobile navigation and topographic location complex in combat use (see patent RU No. 2436042 C1, IPC G01C 21/00, publ. 10.12.11, Bull. No. 34), adopted as a prototype. The method of functioning of the mobile navigation and topographic reference complex in combat use includes the preparation for the combat (training) mission, orientation at the starting point — determining the directional angle and coordinates of the starting point, archiving the topographic and geodetic data obtained at the attached points, moving to the final (anchored) point, drawing a route of movement and additional landmarks on a topographic map, determining the end coordinate error oh (tethering) point holding topogeodesic binding targets on the ground and firing positions guns or rocket launchers, command and report transmission of the results of the serving units. Preparing the complex for the combat (training) task consists in bringing the navigation equipment to the automated mode “Navigation”, orientation at the starting point consists in choosing the first task of the navigation mode - the task “Initial installation”, during which the used sources of navigation information about the azimuth are determined and the initial values of the coordinates X, Y, H: inertial navigation system (ANN) or satellite navigation equipment (ASN), or generalized data on joint use and ANN and ASN, or data determined using autonomous devices, archiving of topographic and geodetic data during the operation of the complex is carried out automatically in the form of electronic catalogs (lists), the complex is moved to the end (bound) point after completing the previous task and the appearance of an operational readiness message to perform the second task of the navigation mode - the "Work" task on the route, when performing the second task of navigation in real time on a digital map of the area (MSC) automatically The values of the current navigation parameters and location data are displayed, after the complex transitions to the second navigation task, the next automated mode of the complex — the “Work with MSC” mode — is executed in parallel, the main task of which is the “Route Layout” task, which is performed by activating one of three subtasks: “Selecting a route by current coordinates”, “Selecting a route by entered coordinates”, “Selecting a route from the list” - pre-prepared electronic catalog (list) of navigation data, the determination of the azimuth error and coordinates of the complex’s location is carried out automatically due to the integrated processing of navigation information received from the ANN and ASN, the binding results are transmitted via an automated channel for information exchange of a communication and data transmission system (DSPD) with points control of higher and interacting formations taking into account the priorities of subscribers, both during movement along the route and at the stop x points, upon completion of the topographic and geodetic reference directly at the complex, the required number of topographic maps are printed with the topographic and geodetic information applied to them.

The disadvantages of the method taken as a prototype are:

- low level of capabilities for transmitting received data over the air to service units;

- low degree of controllability and coherence when interacting with consumers of topographic and geodetic information;

- a long time for processing information and, accordingly, the entire cycle of combat control;

- imperfection of software and hardware, communication systems of the complex, leading to difficulties in the functioning of the complex in the conditions of automatic control systems.

The proposed invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the use of topographic units in the conditions of functioning as part of an automated command and control system.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention consists in the formation of a method of functioning of a topographic unit as part of an automated troop control system that automatically detects and transmits topographic and geodetic and correction information to ASUV objects through the channels of a communication and data transmission system.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of functioning of the topographic unit as part of an automated command and control system (ASUV), which includes operations to prepare for the combat (training) mission, archiving the topographic and geodetic data obtained at the attached points, plotting the route of movement and additional landmarks digital map of the area (MSC), automated determination of the error of the coordinates of the anchor point, conducting topographic and geodetic reference orientation ditch on the ground and the firing positions of guns or rocket launchers, transmitting the results of binding via an automated channel for information exchange of a communication and data transmission system (SSPD) to control centers of higher and interacting formations, printing production of the required number of topographic maps, it’s new that the topographic device is included in the system information exchange of the automated control system and is connected with automated workstations (AWS) of the automated control system; the information exchange is carried out according to a unified proto the exchange of ASUV objects with high-precision navigational-temporal information, and in the control-corrective station mode - with the generated differential corrections, obtained as a result of the analysis of the quality of the navigation fields of the GLONASS and GPS navigation systems (KNS), in this regard, the interaction of the top-binder data communication system with the objects communication means ASUV is carried out through the use of the same technical means, ensuring their technical and informational compatibility through automated interchange with communications built on a single structure using common formalization rules and common operational tactical concepts, in accordance with the information distribution plan, on the basis of which information is transmitted over the network from the source subscriber to the recipient subscriber, digital topographic and geodetic information is presented in the form of digital cartographic a database containing information about the terrain, the coordinates of the points of the local geodetic network created by the topographic binder, data on the operational situation, maintained by officials of the control system of the automatic control system, the operational database of the real route of movement and the relative position of the elements of the combat order, the operation of the top loader in the control and correction station mode is carried out in two main modes: the mode of online information transfer and the mode of accumulation and post-processing of accumulated data from spacecraft ( KA) KNS GLONASS and GPS for subsequent differential correction.

Inclusion of a topo-loader into the ASUV information exchange system and ensuring its connection with workstations (AWS) of ASUV facilities allows:

- in an automated mode with sufficient throughput, to ensure the transfer of reliable topographic and geodetic and corrective information to ASUV facilities (command posts, fire control posts, reconnaissance and surveillance equipment);

- more fully realize the capabilities of headquarters at various operational levels, military units, combat complexes, command and reconnaissance facilities;

- ensure the transfer of information to various levels of ASUV (brigade, battalion, company, platoon);

- reduce the cycle of combat control in terms of topographic and geodetic training for warfare;

- create special geodetic networks of the required density on electronic maps of the terrain available at the automated workstations of ASUV objects;

- improve the accuracy of space navigation aids used in the positional area;

- to increase the controllability and efficiency of using the topographic device.

The implementation of information exchange according to a unified protocol allows you to:

- the maximum satisfaction of the requirements of the Ground Forces against the provision of funds;

- to improve the accuracy, efficiency of distribution and exchange of information, the degree of automation of functioning as part of the automated control system.

The interaction of the top-binder data storage systems with the communication facilities of the automated control system facilities due to the use of the same technical means ensuring their technical and information compatibility by automated exchange of messages built on a single structure using common formalization rules and common operational tactical concepts, in accordance with the information distribution plan, on the basis of which information is transmitted over the network from the source subscriber to the recipient subscriber, allows :

- to provide an effective exchange of information on data transmission channels between the top loader and external correspondents at the required ranges;

- provide maximum throughput of the SSPD and the required probability-belt characteristics;

- increase the manageability, survivability and safety of the operation of the JCSS.

Presentation of digital topographic and geodetic information in the form of a digital cartographic database containing terrain information, coordinates of points of a local geodetic network created by a topographic binder, data on the operational situation, put down by officials of control systems of the automatic control system, an operational database on the real route of movement and the relative position of battle order elements , allows:

- get the most convenient means of presenting topographic and geodetic information;

- in the shortest possible time, in comparison with the use of conventional maps, assess the terrain and situation, analyze the patency of the route;

- provide a quick change in the scale of the map;

- have a generated digital cartographic database for the entire area of work;

- display the current state of the terrain, its typical features and characteristics;

- provide with the appropriate scale accuracy the ability to determine the coordinates, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of terrain objects;

- implement a system of conventional signs and design, allowing officials to apply the operational situation data.

Implementation of the work of the top loader in the control-correcting station mode in two main modes: the mode of on-line information transfer and the mode of accumulation and post-processing of accumulated data from spacecraft (KA) KNS GLO-NASS and GPS for subsequent differential correction allows you to:

- significantly improve the positioning accuracy of both the top loader itself and all ACS objects equipped with GLONASS and GPS;

- refuse to install their own local control and correction stations at ASUV facilities.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of the functioning of the topographic device as part of the ASUV.

The method of functioning of the topographic unit as part of an automated command and control system (ASUV) is as follows.

The use of automatic control systems provides a reduction in the combat control cycle, taking into account the period of preparation for battle, as compared to the “manual method”. Topogeodesic preparation of military operations is an integral part of the general period of preparation. The successful conduct of hostilities to a large extent depends on the quality of topographic and geodetic support in the area of armed conflict.

The inclusion of topographic 1 in the ASUV information exchange system allows troops to quickly obtain reliable topographic and geodetic information about the terrain due to the prompt production of the necessary terrain documents in the field; transition to digital technologies of cartographic production; creation of databases intended for use in automatic control systems when planning combat operations.

Topoprivazchik (TP) 1 in the position area performs the tasks for the purpose: reconnaissance of the route and drawing roads on the map, determination of topographic and geodetic data, directional angles of reference and reference directions, topographic and geodetic reference of firing and starting positions (OSP) 2, posts and observation points (PPN) 3, the creation of artillery topographic and geodetic networks.

In general, the ASUV has the following main elements: command post (KP) 4, mobile combat command post (MPBU) 5, fire engagement control center (PUOP) 6, air defense control center (air defense PU) 7, information and analytical center (IAC) 8.

KP 4 is the main command and control body from which the commander manages military units and subunits during preparation and during the battle. Together with IAC 8, KP 4 analyzes the necessary information in the interests of the commander, prepares reports to the higher command, and plans upcoming military operations. In KP 4 there are AWP 9 equipped with communication facilities (SS) 10.

IASB 5 is an advanced element of the command and control system and is designed for operational command and control of troops during the battle in real time. In the IPBU 5 there are AWP 11 equipped with SS 12.

PUOP 6 is the governing body of all the OSP 2 involved in the engagement of the enemy. In PUOP 6 there are AWP 13 equipped with SS 14.

PU air defense 7 is designed to control the suppression of enemy air targets found in the position area. In the anti-aircraft defense system 7, AWP 15, equipped with SS 16, are located.

IAC 8 is intended for the collection and processing of information about the enemy, his troops, the conditions of warfare, including navigational-temporal and corrective information coming from TP 1, its distribution according to its purpose. In IAC 8 there are AWP 17 equipped with SS 18.

AWP 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 are equipped with means for displaying tactical information on the background of a digital map of the area.

Information exchange between TP 1 and ASUV facilities is carried out according to a unified exchange protocol, the use of which allows the construction of automated navigation and information systems within the ASUV. The main groups of equipment and devices of ACMS objects requiring the exchange of navigation information include AWP 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17, on-board navigation systems, devices and systems for synchronizing time scales. In the exchange protocol, the following are unified: logic and priorities for the formation of frames, types of control and data frames, type of presentation of information, correspondence of frames to consumer types, interface type (RS-232, RS-422). The unified protocol provides the interface (constructive, electrical and logical) of the control computer of the object, in particular, TP 1, with navigation equipment of any type supporting this protocol, located at the ASUV facilities.

SSPD 19 TP 1, which is part of AWP 20, provides TP1 officials with a stable and reliable connection with mating ASUV facilities. Requirements for SSPD 19 are determined by information connections, the distances between the machines of the grouping of interacting ASUV structures. The capacity of the SSPD 19 ensures the timely delivery of commands, signals, messages of the established categories of urgency to the ASUV facilities, receiving reports, reports on the fulfillment of tasks, exchange of navigation data.

Effective interaction between objects interfaced with TP 1 is possible only with their technical and information compatibility. By the compatibility of TP 1 with mating ASUV objects, we should understand its ability to interact in an automated mode with ASUV objects during joint operation.

Technical compatibility is ensured by the use of the same type of communication equipment that is compatible or compatible in technical specifications, using the same operating modes.

Information compatibility is ensured through the interchange of messages built on a single structure using common formalization rules and common operational and tactical concepts.

The process of exchanging messages between mating products is specified by the rules for the interaction of certain levels of mating products and is considered in the protocols of organizational, informational and technical compatibility of TP 1 with mating objects of the automated control system.

One of the main issues that is solved during the organization of the SSPD 19 TP 1 is the development of a plan for the distribution of information (development of address and route-address documentation), on the basis of which information is transmitted.

Due to the unsteady nature of information traffic, which leads to overloading of individual directions of the data storage system 19, it is required to bring the information distribution plan to the optimal one, providing maximum throughput and the required probability-time characteristics. Therefore, in the process of operation of the SPKD 19, the information distribution plan is adjusted based on the knowledge of the situation that arises in the SPKD 19. The ability to adapt to constantly changing operating conditions, including those caused by the active opposition of the enemy, can significantly improve the controllability and survivability of the SPKD 19.

Digital topographic and geodetic information is presented in the form of a digital cartographic database containing information about the terrain, coordinates of points of a local geodetic network created by a topo-loader, data on the operational situation, put down by officials of control systems of the automatic control system, an operational database on the real route of movement and the relative position of elements of battle order .

The procedures for loading and maintaining such a database system include:

- loading nomenclature sheets of digital maps of the area;

- “gluing together” of adjacent nomenclature sheets - formation of the area of work;

- loading data on the operational environment, including topographic and geodetic data obtained using TP 1.

The operation of TP 1 in the control and correction station mode is carried out in two main modes: the mode of on-line information transfer and the post-processing mode of accumulated data from spacecraft (SC) of the GLONASS and GPS satellite stations for subsequent differential correction.

The differential correction method, with the help of which a higher positioning accuracy is achieved, allows you to determine the updated navigation and time data directly at the measurement site. For this, the GLONASS and GPS TP 1 receiver must, in addition to satellite signals, also receive corrective information from the control and correction station.

The post-processing method is based on the accumulation of data for subsequent differential correction at the control and correction station, which in this case is the basis for the entire navigation system of ACS objects, which allows you to refuse to install your local “base” at ACS objects and reduce the cost of a set of satellite equipment, installed on objects.

Thus, in the present invention, the problem is solved to achieve a technical result that automatically determines and transmits topographic and geodetic and corrective information to ACSW objects through the channels of a communication and data transmission system.

Claims (1)

The method of functioning of the topographic unit as part of an automated troop command and control system, which includes operations for preparing to perform a combat (training) mission, archiving the topographic and geodetic data obtained at tie points, plotting a movement route and additional landmarks on a digital terrain map (TsKM), automated determination of the coordinate coordinate error points, topographic and geodetic reference points on the terrain and firing positions of guns or rocket launchers, transmission results of binding via an automated channel of information exchange of a communication and data transmission system (SSPD) to control centers of higher and interacting formations, printing production of the required number of topographic maps, characterized in that the topographic reader is included in the automatic control system of information exchange and connected with workstations (AWS) of objects ASUV, information exchange is carried out according to a unified protocol for the exchange of objects ASUV high-precision navigation and time information, in the control-correcting station mode - by the formed differential corrections obtained as a result of the analysis of the quality of the navigation fields of the GLONASS and GPS navigation systems (KNS), in this regard, the interaction of the top-binder data communication systems with communication systems of ASUV objects is carried out through the use of the same technical means that ensure them technical and informational compatibility through automated interchange of messages built on a single structure using common rules formalization and common operational and tactical concepts, in accordance with the information distribution plan, on the basis of which information is transmitted over the network from the source subscriber to the recipient subscriber, digital topographic and geodetic information is presented in the form of a digital cartographic database containing information about the area, coordinates of points the local geodetic network created by the top loader, data on the operational situation, applied by officials of the control systems of the automatic control system, the operational database on According to the current route of movement and the mutual arrangement of elements of the battle order, the operation of the top loader in the control-correcting station mode is carried out in two main modes: in the mode of online information transfer and in the post-processing mode of accumulated data from spacecraft (SC) of the GLONASS and GPS for subsequent differential correction.

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