RU2508523C2 - Igniter tube of electric impact action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: igniter tube of electric impact action consists of a metallic body, in which there arranged is an electric ignition device, an igniter capsule of impact action, an internal obturating assembly with a movable cone-type valve, a combination primary charge consisting of a pyrotechnical amplifier and smoke military rifle and preferably large-grain powder and a sealing plug. In the tube body there is an antechamber in the form of a cone-type cavity free from all structural elements.

EFFECT: creation of an igniter tube structure providing failure-free function of an artillery complex in a wide range of firing pressures, automatic ramming and unhampered extraction of ignition devices, which is capable of igniting both a complete set of modules, and modules of propellant powder charge, which separately stand at the shell bottom.

3 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The present invention relates to means of ignition (CB), namely, for ignition of powder propellant charges of artillery ammunition of shotgun loading.

Ignition of cartridges (case-free) ammunition is associated with a number of difficulties that do not allow the use of standard universal means of ignition.

The performance characteristics of modern large-caliber rounds for self-propelled gun mounts (self-propelled guns) with a variable modular propelling charge (PMMZ) instead of shotguns put forward the following requirements for NE: to withstand a wide pressure range from several tens to 450 ÷ 500 MPa, while providing ignition of separately standing at the bottom projectile modular projectile charges (modules) at a distance of up to 1500 mm and extraction without delay in automatic firing. Moreover, an increase in the distance for igniting individual modules entails an increase in the self-charge of the SW, which in turn increases the risk of violating the mechanical strength of the tube structure during firing.

In the prior art, including publicly available sources of information, no ignition (SV) structures have been found to solve the problem of igniting an alternating modular propelling charge of an artillery shot of a large-caliber self-propelled artillery gun mount loading cartridges and meeting the above requirements.

The technical task of the present invention is the creation of the design of the SV for the ammunition of large-caliber self-propelled guns with PMMZ, ensuring the smooth operation of the artillery complex in a wide range of shot pressures, automatic posting and uncomplicated extraction and having the ability to ignite a complete set of modules, as well as modules of the propellant propellant charge separately standing at the bottom of the projectile . According to the invention, the task is achieved by the fact that in an electric shock tube (EUT) containing a metal housing, an electric fuse, a capsule is a shock igniter, an obturating assembly that is a valve in the form of a cone (a unit with a movable cone is a valve), a sealing plug is introduced the following design decisions.

A prechamber is formed in the thin-walled part of the tube body in the form of a conical cavity expanding toward the muzzle, free from all structural elements. The ignition charge of the EUT is made combined, consisting of an amplifier, which is a pressed-on sample of a pyrotechnic composition, and smoky, mainly coarse powder, isolated from the amplifier by a paper or other combustible circle and placed in a separate cylindrical cavity of the case, closed by a circle of cardboard or combustible material.

The volumes of the prechamber and the cavity occupied by the smoky gunpowder have a certain ratio of 1.5 ÷ 2.5 to 1, and the mass of the same bulk powder plus pressed-in channel blocks corresponds to the mass of the pyrotechnic amplifier as 8 ÷ 12 to 1.

The figure shows the basic design of the proposed EUT having a housing 1, which houses:

- an electric shock assembly consisting of a clamping nut 8 with an extruded insulator 9 of the bottom sleeve 2, on the bottom of which there is a boxer-type igniter 3 with a non-rusting shock-ignition compound (UVS), fixed by a threaded sleeve 10, a disk electric sash is installed on top of the sleeve with glow plug 7 and initiating explosive (TRS), and the entire assembly is crimped by a foil washer 11;

- an internal obturating unit with a movable cone-valve 4, the movement of which is limited by a threaded sleeve 12 with a diaphragmed bottom and an amplifier pressed from it with a pyrotechnic composition 13 with insulating paper or from a combustible fabric circle 14, the charge in the form of channel blocks 15 and bulk smoke, mainly , coarse gunpowder 5, covered with a glued cardboard or from a combustible nitro film circle 16, a free conical cavity-prechamber 17, closed by a plug 6 made of cardboard and sealed in this surface compound.

The principle of operation of the above described EUT is as follows:

When applying voltage from the shock-electric trigger mechanism (UESM) of the artillery system to the housing (minus) and the bottom sleeve (plus), the incandescent bridges are heated and ignite the explosive devices, and at the same time as the UVS capsule, the resulting thermal pulse lifts the cone valve and threaded through the diaphragmed holes of the bottom of the threaded bushings ignites a pyrotechnic amplifier, which in turn ignites a charge of smoky gunpowder. Combustion charge combustion products penetrate into the prechamber and expanding smoothly (unlike the prototype) load the walls of the tube body, deforming them to a choice in the seat of the chamber of the gap, which can reach a maximum of 130 microns.

The resulting ignition pulse destroying the plug and passing through the fire transfer channel of the mushroom rod ignites the PMMZ modules, the powder gases of which bring the thin-walled part of the EUT body and the chamber seat of the chamber to elastic-plastic deformation by back pressure, thereby obturating the shot pressure.

The conical inner surface of the prechamber, expanding towards the muzzle, congruently passes into the outer surface of the housing with thinning of the walls from 1.2 ÷ 1.5 mm to 0.5 ÷ 0.7 mm, which allows you to "bite" a thin barrel of the housing in the seat chamber mm, thereby facilitating the retention of the burst of powder gases at the initial moment of pressure, especially when firing a small number of modules PMMZ.

Similarly, the tube also acts when launched from a shock pulse by a fast UESM on the capsule - igniter 5, with the only difference being that in this case the capsule ignites the explosive blower, and not vice versa.

An important circumstance in solving the design of the EUT is the selection of the optimal ratio of the volumes of the prechamber and the cavity occupied by the smoky gunpowder, as well as its mass and the mass of the pyrotechnic amplifier. These ratios are determined by experimental studies and are:

- between the volumes of the prechamber (V ₁ ) and the powder cavity (V ₂ ) 1.5 ÷ 2.5 to 1;

- between the masses of gunpowder (m ₁ ) and pyrotechnic compositions (m ₂ ) 8 ÷ 12 to 1.

If the ratio between the volume of the cavities is less than 1.5, then an abrupt (sharp) front of pressure increase is observed and there is a certain risk of cracks in the body of the EUT, a ratio of more than 2.5 is impractical for design reasons - the dimensions of the SW increase without a sufficient effect on the flammability and for reducing the obturating ability of the thin-walled part of the body in the chamber socket. The experimental data obtained in the nozzle installation (Table 1).

Table 1 V ₁ / V ₂ P, self-pressure generated by EUT (MPa) t ₂ , pressure rise front (s) Number of experiments Test results 1 to 1 (V ₁ = V ₂ = 2.99 cm ³ ) 38,0 0.005 10 Significant dynamic loading of the body walls, microcracks at the tube barrel (2 experiments) 1.5 to 1 (V ₁ = 4.49 cm ³ , V ₂ = 2.99 cm ³ ) 28.0 0.011 10 Decrease in dynamic loading, no microcracks were found 2.0 to 1 (V ₁ = 5.98 cm ³ V ₂ = 2.99 cm ³ ) 25.0 0.014 10 2.5 to 1 (V ₁ = 7.48 cm ³ V ₂ = 2.99 cm ³ ) 23.0 0.016 10 3.0 to 1 (V ₁ = 8.97 cm ³ V ₂ = 2.99 cm ³ ) 18.0 0,047 10 Small dynamic loading. decrease in obturating ability, soot body

The ratio between the components of the combined self-charge of the tube is also established experimentally. If the mass ratio of gunpowder and pyrotechnic composition is less than 8 to 1, then the distance at which the tube is able to ignite the remote propellant charge of the shot is significantly reduced, if more than 12 to 1, individual modules of the full PMMZ can be destroyed due to a powerful igniter pulse, as a result of which wave processes that violate the estimated ballistic characteristics of the projectile, up to the destruction of the material part of the artillery system. The data obtained in the installation measuring the force flame using photo sensors (Table 2).

Table 2 m ₁ / m ₂ S, flame force length (mm) Number of experiments Test results 7 to 1
m ₁ = 0.24 g
m ₂ = 1.68 g 800-900 5 Non-ignition add. igniter of the single most remote from the MZ module 8 to 1
m ₁ = 0.24 g
m ₂ = 1.92 g 5 Stable ignition ext. the ignitor of the single most remote from the MW module MЗ at t ± 50 ° C 10 to 1
m ₁ = 0.24 g
m ₂ = 2.4 g 1200-1300 5 12 to 1
m ₁ = 0.24 g
m ₂ = 2.88 g 5 13 to 1
m ₁ = 0.24 g
m ₂ = 3.12 g 1400-1500 5 Destruction of the shell simulating PMMZ, when it is located at the mirror of the EUT footprint

The proposed design of the EUT has been tested with positive results in bench conditions and field (range) firing.

Claims (3)

1. An electric shock igniter tube containing a metal casing with a disk electric valve placed in it, a shock igniter capsule, an internal obturating unit with a movable cone - a valve, an amplifying igniter charge from a pyrotechnic composition, the main charge from gun smoke, mainly coarse-grained gunpowder and plugs, while in the tube body a prechamber is made in the form of a conical cavity, free from all structural elements, while wearing prechamber volume to the volume occupied by the main charge is 1.5 ÷ 2.5 to 1. 2. The igniter tube according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a charge of smoke powder and an amplifying charge in the form of a combined charge of smoke, mainly coarse powder and a pyrotechnic composition with a mass ratio of 8 ÷ 12 to 1, respectively. 3. The ignition tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the pre-chamber congruently passes into the outer surface of the housing with thinning of the walls towards the muzzle part from 1.2 ÷ 1.5 mm to 0.5 ÷ 0.7 mm.

Images