RU130681U1 - SPORTS AND HUNTING GUN - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Sports and hunting rifle containing a receiver, a barrel in which a projectile, a chamber and a trigger are placed, characterized in that the chamber is made in the form of a cylinder of a four-stroke internal combustion engine with a piston and a fuel and gas distribution system and is connected to a source of fuel liquid or gaseous medium. 2. A sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of a combustible gaseous medium is connected to the cylinder through a check valve that interacts with the pusher, which, in turn, interacts with the trigger mechanism. A sporting and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of liquid combustible medium is connected to the cylinder through a pump and check valves, the pump having a drive interacting with a trigger mechanism. A sporting and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is equipped with a device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium. A sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium is made in the form of at least one piezoceramic plate, the electric high-voltage electrodes of which are placed in the cylinder zone, and a percussion mechanism, interacting with said plate and trigger or with a piston located in the cylinder. 6. A sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium is made in the form of an electric spark plug connected to an electric energy source. Sports and hunting

Description

The utility model relates to the field of small arms and can be used to create low-powered rifles and smooth-bore rifles mainly for target shooting and amateur sports hunting for waterfowl, pine forest and small animals (hare, fox).

A well-known sports and hunting rifle containing a receiver and a barrel in which a projectile is placed (see. "Hunting. Universal Directory", compiled by A.S. Matveev. Arkaim Publishing House, Chelyabinsk, 2003, table 27).

Also known is a sporting and hunting rifle containing a receiver, a barrel in which a projectile, a chamber, and a trigger are placed (see E.V.Shteyngolts. Everything about a hunting rifle. Lesnaya promyshlennaya publishing house, Leningrad, 1974, p. 14, 22, fig. 10 and 13).

A disadvantage of the known structures is the high risk of their maintenance and use, associated with the need for storage at home and during transportation, as well as during the use of equipped cartridges, which can detonate during collisions during transportation, explode with excessive heat. With prolonged storage, gunpowder acquires brisant properties and, when fired, can break the barrel and injure the shooter. In addition, equipped cartridges can be stolen and used with harmful consequences. They also have a relatively high cost, because the bullet cartridge shells are made entirely of brass, and the cartridge shells for shotguns are made of brass and polyethylene. Moreover, as a rule, both those and other sleeves are used once and are not disposed of, which leads, moreover, to environmental pollution.

The objective of the utility model is to reduce the risk of maintaining and using a sporting and hunting rifle, to reduce damage to the environment during a shot, as well as to reduce the cost of a shot.

This problem is solved in that the chamber of the gun is made in the form of a cylinder of a four-stroke internal combustion engine with a piston and a fuel and gas distribution system and is connected to a source of combustible liquid or gaseous medium. In this case, the source of a combustible gaseous medium is connected to the cylinder through a check valve that interacts with the pusher, which, in turn, interacts with the trigger. The source of liquid combustible medium can be connected to the cylinder through the pump and check valves, and the pump in this case has a drive that interacts with the trigger mechanism. The cylinder of the internal combustion engine can be equipped with a special device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium, which can be made in the form of at least one piezoceramic plate, the electrical high-voltage leads of which are placed in the cylinder area, and a shock mechanism interacting with the said plate and trigger mechanism or with a piston placed in the cylinder. A device for igniting a combustible medium can also be made in the form of an electric spark plug connected to a source of electrical energy. This source itself can be made in the form of an electric battery connected via a switch to the primary winding of a step-up transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the contacts of a high-voltage electric spark plug, and the said switch interacts with the trigger or with the piston rod. In addition, the device for igniting fuel can be made in the form of a capsule igniting from an impact, for example, of the “Centroboy” type, the active mass of which is turned towards the cylinder cavity. The capsule itself can be mounted on the back of the projectile, with the piston mounted in the cylinder having a protrusion facing the capsule. A missile projectile may contain a limit pressure valve, and the valve itself can be made in the form of a cone-shaped increase in the diameter of a part of the missile projectile, and at the same time, a part of the barrel inlet has a mating conical cavity.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a cross-section of a gun in its original state and intended for firing due to the formation of pressure when burning a gas-air mixture in a four-stroke internal combustion engine, the function of which is performed by a cylinder, piston and gas distribution elements. The compression ratio of the combustible mixture in this design is not much higher than unity.

In Fig.2 shows an enlarged image of the trigger mechanism.

Figure 3 shows the phase of operation of the gun, in which by pressing the trigger, the engine cylinder is refueled with combustible gas while the electric spark formation mechanism is brought into a combat position.

In Fig. 4, the response time of the mechanism of formation of an electric spark is shown, igniting a mixture of combustible gas and air in a cylinder.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a gun powered by liquid fuel and a compression ratio of a combustible mixture of fuel and air, significantly larger than one, the gun is shown in a charged state, at a cocking stage, the mixture of fuel and air is ignited from a high-voltage electric candle.

On Fig 6 shows the power supply circuit of an electric candle in the state corresponding to Figure 5.

Figs 7 and 8 show the state of the gun shown in Figures 5 and 6 at the time of fuel supply to the cylinder.

Figs. 9 and 10 show the state of the gun shown in Fig. 5 at the moment the ignition system is triggered and the combustion of the combustible mixture of fuel and air begins.

In Figs. 11 and 12, the state of the gun shown in Figure 5 is shown at the moment the limit pressure valve, which is equipped with the projectile, is activated and the projectile begins to move along the barrel.

On Fig schematically shows a cross-section of a gun powered by a cylinder of an internal combustion engine with liquid fuel and a compression ratio of a combustible mixture of fuel and air substantially greater than unity, and the ignition of fuel occurs due to ignition of the capsule, which interacts with the piston protrusion (hammer). The gun is shown at the time of this interaction. On Fig shows an enlarged image of this moment.

On Fig schematically shows a cross-section of the gun with a cylinder made in the form of a sliding bolt bolt with rotation, the gun is shown in the state after the shot, and in Fig. 16 is a cross section of the receiver.

On Fig schematically shows a side view of the gun (from the side of the handle of the sliding shutter), the cross section of which is shown in Fig 15.

On Fig shows the state of the gun shown in Fig 15 and 17 with the cylinder retracted to failure at the time of placing the piston with a striker on the cocking and equipping the gun with a projectile, and in Fig 19 after locking the cylinder.

On Fig shows the moment of ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the flame of the capsule after fuel injection into the cylinder and the descent of the piston with a hammer from the cockpit.

On Fig shows a cross section of a projectile made in the form of a container with a shot and a capsule, and the container has a cone-shaped protrusion in the rear part, which serves as a pressure limiting valve.

Figs. 22 and 23 show a projectile with a limit pressure valve mounted on it in the form of an o-ring with an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the barrel.

The shotgun consists of a receiver 1 (see Fig. 1), on which a barrel 2 and a drum 3 with projectile shells 4 are fixed, freely rotating on the axis 5 and having a position lock 6. A cylinder 7, which is a four-stroke cylinder, is also fixed on the receiver 1 internal combustion engine, with a piston 8 and a gas distribution system consisting of self-acting check valves 9, 10 and 11. The piston 8 has a rod 12 with a spring 13 and a handle 14. The fuel distribution system contains a fuel source 15 (in this example, the fuel is liquefied petroleum gas), which is connected to the cylinder 7 through a self-acting check valve 16, a supply line (channel) 17 and a spool 18 having a pusher 19 at the end, interacting with the trigger 20 having a limiter 21. The trigger 20 also interacts with the hammer 22, representing a massive heel, mounted on a rigid leaf spring. A device for igniting a combustible medium contains a package of piezocrystalline plates 23, which is connected by insulated conductors with high-voltage electrodes 24, which extend into the area of the cylinder 7 on its inner surface. The filling device 25 is used to replenish flammable gas reserves.

The trigger mechanism (see figure 2) is a plate sitting on the axis 26 in the groove of the receiver 1 (figure 1). The plate has a protrusion, which is the trigger 27. On the plate are placed: an eccentric 28 rotatably around its axis and resting on one end of the leaf spring 29 pinched in the protrusion 30, and a lever 31 rotatably around its axis. The stops 32 and 33 serve to limit the movement of the eccentric 28 and the lever 31, respectively.

This embodiment of the gun design has a small shot power, as the internal combustion engine uses a compression ratio of not much more than one. It is mainly intended for shooting at short distances (10-15 m) when conducting sports, the caliber of the barrel is about 5 mm.

In the design of the more powerful gun shown in figure 5, the compression ratio of the air-fuel mixture is significantly greater than unity. In addition to the above structural elements, it has a pump that contains a spring-loaded plunger 34 and self-acting check valves 35 and 36 installed on the supply line 17, and a channel 37, which serves to drain leaks back to the fuel source 15. Here, it can be used as a liquefied fuel petroleum gas, and such flammable liquids as gasoline, alcohol, ether, acetone and others. In the cylinder 7 in this example, a device for igniting a combustible medium in the form of a high-voltage electric spark plug 38 is installed, and a switch 39 is installed outside the cylinder on the handle 14 moving line. The trigger mechanism 20 has a protrusion 40 that comes into contact with the rotary release lever 41 , based on a flat spring 42. The output of the power line 17 ends with the nozzle 43 for better atomization of liquid fuel.

If an incandescent resistance is used as a spark plug 38, an electric power source (rechargeable battery or a battery of galvanic cells) is connected to the candle using the trigger at the time of the shot — this simplest option is not shown in the figures. Figure 6 shows the connection diagram of the plug 38 in the case when a high-voltage spark plug is used, in which when a high voltage is applied to its electrodes, an electric spark occurs between the electrodes. The circuit consists of an electric energy source 44 (a rechargeable battery or a battery of galvanic cells), a switch 39 and a step-up autotransformer 45, to the secondary winding of which a candle 38 is connected. Capacitor 46 serves to reduce the sparking of the switch 39.

The switch 39 can be installed in the receiver with control from the trigger (this option is not shown in the figures).

The electrical circuit for igniting the air-fuel mixture can be arranged and mounted on the receiver or in the bed of the gun.

Since the compression ratio of the air-fuel mixture in the above-described design is significantly higher than unity, the projectile (in the described example, the usual elongated cylindrical bullet 4) contains a limit pressure valve on its shank, which in this example is made in the form of a conical extension of the shank that closes the barrel inlet 2 .

A simpler fuel ignition system is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. In this design, the ignition of the air-fuel mixture is performed by the protrusion 47 of the piston 8, which is facing toward the capsule 48, while moving along the cylinder 7 hits the capsule 48 (for example, of the type “Centroboy”), mounted in a projectile (bullet) 4 active mass in the direction of the cavity of the cylinder 7.

Here (Fig. 14), a cone-shaped increase in the diameter of the shank of the projectile (bullet) 4 is shown, which forms a pressure limit valve.

The design of the gun, in which the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is made in the form of a sliding bolt bolt with rotation (Fig. 15), differs from the previous one in that it contains a guide casing 49, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the cylinder 7, and the rod 12 is equipped with a limiter 50 of the piston stroke 8, moreover, this stopper 50 has a protrusion 51. A shutter handle 52 (Fig. 16) is rigidly attached to the cylinder 7, sliding along with the cylinder 7 along the axis of the casing 49 into the groove 53 and fixing the position of the cylinder 7 in the locked state due to the shape of the groove. The cylinder 7, the handle 52 and the casing 49 with a groove 53 and form the actual rolling shutter. On Fig and 16 shows the locked position of the shutter. On Fig conditionally shows the appearance of the gun in the area of the receiver 1, in this figure the shape of the groove 53 is visible, due to which the shutter is locked.

The projectile shot projectile shown in FIG. 21 consists of a plastic container 54 with a capsule 48 pressed into it with an active flammable mass facing the tail of the projectile, which contains an elastic conical protrusion 55 that acts as a pressure limit valve. Inside the container 54 there is a shot 56 fixed by the spacer 57.

Depicted in FIGS. 22 and 23, the projectile 4 has an o-ring 58 made of an elastic material, for example, rubber or filled with polymer. This ring has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the barrel 2, is installed in the undercut 59 of the projectile and is included in the conical undercut 60 of the barrel 2.

Using a gun is as follows.

Through the filling device 25, liquid gas is poured into the cavity of the fuel source 15 in the same way as it is done, for example, in gas lighters (Fig. 1). In this case, the valve 16 holds the gas from evaporation. The bullet 4 is inserted into the drum 3 with a certain minimum interference, the interference provides sufficient sealing between the bullet 4 and the holes of the drum 3. After that, the gun is ready to fire. When you press the trigger 27 (see also figure 2), the trigger rotates around axis 26, and the eccentric 28, resting on the stop 32, pushes the pusher 19, moving it to the right in the figure (see also figure 3) . The pusher 19 moves with the spool 18 and presses on the valve 16, which, compressing its spring, opens. In this case, gas vapors penetrate into the cylinder 7 through the channel 17 and mix with the air therein, forming a combustible mixture. Gas enters the cylinder 7 until the pressure of the resulting combustible mixture rises so much that it becomes equal to the vapor pressure of the gas located in the upper part of the source 15. There is a compression stroke of the engine, combined with the fuel supply.

During this process, the non-return valve 10 is closed under the action of its own spring (not shown in the figure), and the valve 9, located in the piston 8, is closed by means of a spring 13, which presses the end face of the piston 8 to the bottom of the cylinder 7. Due to the fact that the bullet 4 is installed tightly enough in the hole of the drum, and the ends of the drum form a good mechanical seal with the groove of the receiver, the internal cavity of the cylinder 7 is tight enough so that no substantial changes occur during the rotation of the trigger 20 Tween leaks of the combustible mixture.

In addition, at the same time, the lever 31, resting on the stop 33, pulls the spring of the impact mechanism 22, cocking it in this way.

With a further rotation of the trigger mechanism 20 (see Fig. 4), the eccentric 28 releases the pusher 19, which moves to the left according to the figure, while the valve 16 closes, cutting off the gas source 15 from the cylinder 7 along with the spool 18. At the next instant, the lever 31 passes the zone of its influence on the impact mechanism 22, and the spring of this mechanism is sharply released, striking along with the load fixed on it, a blow to the package of piezocrystalline plates 23. In this case, the package generates a high voltage, and a spark jumps between the electrodes 24, Gigue combustible fuel-air mixture. The mixture quickly burns with the release of a large number of combustion products, the pressure in the cylinder rises sharply and acts on the bullet 4, which, under the action of the force from the combustion products, flies from the barrel to the target, i.e. a shot occurs. Combustion products expand, i.e. there is a working cycle of the engine.

Next, the shooter releases the trigger 27, and the trigger 20 returns to its original position under the action of a spring (not shown in the figures). In this case, the eccentric 28 cannot squeeze the pusher 19, because the valve spring 16 is much more powerful than the trigger spring 29. Similarly, the behavior of the lever 31.

Next, the shooter turns the drum 3, placing the next bullet 4 on the line of the barrel 2, thus sealing cylinder 7. The gun comes to its original state, shown in Figure 1, but cylinder 7 is filled with combustion products (exhaust gases) remaining after the shot.

To implement the exhaust cycle, the shooter moves the piston 8 to the right according to the figure (Fig. 1), compressing the spring 13. At the same time, the gas pressure in the cylinder rises, valve 9 opens, valve 10 closes, and exhaust gases push through valve 9 into the piston cavity of the cylinder 7.

After the piston reaches the right to the stop, the shooter releases it, and the spring 13 moves the piston 8 to the left. In this case, a rarefaction occurs over the piston, in connection with which the valve 10 opens, and a fresh portion of air enters the working cavity of the cylinder (into the piston cavity). At the same time, the pressure rises in the sub-piston cavity, the valve 11 opens, and the exhaust gases are displaced into the atmosphere. An intake stroke occurs and the gun is ready for the next shot.

Figure 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a shotgun powered by liquid fuel and a compression ratio of a combustible mixture of fuel and air, significantly larger than one, the shotgun is shown in a charged state, at a cocking stage, the mixture of fuel and air is ignited from a high-voltage electric candle.

To carry out a shot in which the compression ratio of the air-fuel mixture rises significantly more than unity, which allows the liquid fuel to evaporate and achieve a much greater shot power. To bring the gun into combat condition, the drum 3 must also be filled with bullets 4, which in this case have cone-shaped protrusions on the back, which not only seal the barrel inlet 2, but also allow the bullet to remain in place with a significant increase in pressure in the cylinder 7 The shotgun is shown ready to fire. In this case, the handle 14 is rested against the trigger 41, and the piston 8 is spring-loaded 13 to the right (according to the figure). To bring this state, the arrow for the handle 14 moves the rod 12 with the piston 8 to the left (according to the figure), compressing the spring 13, until the release lever 41, pressed by the spring 42, falls under the handle 14 and its possible movement under the action of the spring 13. With this movement of the handle 14, the switch 39 is necessarily in the closed position, and the electric current feeds the primary winding of the coil 45 (Fig.6). In addition, since when the piston 8 moves to the left under it, a vacuum forms in the cylinder 7, the valve 9 is opened, and the cavity of the cylinder 7 is filled with a fresh portion of air. The intake stroke occurs. After this procedure, the valve 9 closes under the action of its spring (not shown in the figures).

To make a shot, the arrow presses the trigger 27, and the trigger mechanism 20 is rotated (see Fig.7), moving the plunger 34 to the right (according to the figure). In this case, the valve 35 remains closed, and the valve 36 opens, because there is a decrease in the volume of space limited by the plunger 34 and valves 35 and 36, and an increase in pressure in it. Liquid fuel (e.g. gasoline or liquid petroleum gas) through the valve 36 under pressure enters through the channel 17 to the nozzle 43 and is sprayed through it into the cavity of the cylinder 7, i.e. fuel is injected into cylinder 7. This process ends when the translational movement of the plunger 34 in the forward direction stops (this is exactly the moment shown in Fig. 7). At this moment, the protrusion 40 of the trigger 20 comes into contact with the trigger 41.

At the next point in time, when the trigger 20 is further rotated (see Figs. 8, 9), the plunger 34 starts to move backward, the pressure in the cavity between it and the valves 35 and 36 drops, and the valve 36 closes, and the protrusion 40 raises the trigger 41 so that the handle 14 breaks from it, as a result of which the piston 8, which it held in the leftmost (according to the figure) position, begins to move to the right, compressing the air-fuel mixture, as a result of which its pressure and temperature increase, the fuel evaporates intensively. There is a compression beat.

The pressure arising in the cylinder 7 is restrained by a conical protrusion, which acts as a pressure limit valve, located on the shank of the bullet 4. When the air-fuel mixture pressure reaches a predetermined value, the handle 14 interacts with the switch 39, it opens the power supply circuit of the primary winding of the ignition coil 45, as a result which, in its secondary circuit and on the plates of the capacitor 46, a high voltage occurs, which is discharged on the electrodes of the spark plug 38, as a result of which between these electrodes pa, igniting the fuel-air mixture. The combustion of this mixture causes a sharp increase in pressure in the cylinder 7, which, in turn, causes the cone-shaped protrusion to collapse on the pool 4, and the bullet begins to move along the barrel 2. Thus, a shot occurs, i.e. - the expansion process, or working cycle (see Fig.11, 12).

In this case, the massive piston 8 first moves to the left, and after the bullet 4 leaves the barrel, when the pressure in the cylinder 7 drops sharply, the piston returns to its extreme right position under the action of the spring 13. The process of release (exhaust cycle). In this case, the switch 39 is in the open state, and before loading the gun for the next shot, the primary circuit of the ignition coil 45 is open, as a result of which there is no energy loss of the battery 44.

When using volatile liquids with a low flash point (alcohol, ether, acetone) in the design of the gun shown in figure 5, there may be no system of ignition of the air-fuel mixture. In this case, when the temperature of the vapors generated during compression of the air-fuel mixture increases, they flash themselves, without an external source of thermal energy.

In addition, the ignition of the air-fuel mixture can be produced from a conventional incandescent spiral. In this case, the spark plug is a conventional resistor made of strong, for example, tungsten, wire installed in the cavity of the cylinder 7 and isolated from it, and the resistor leads are connected to the power source through a switch that is controlled similarly to switch 39, but in the reverse order, t .e. in this case, the switch closes when it is necessary to ignite the air-fuel mixture. For example, it is convenient to organize the operation of such a switch by turning the trigger mechanism 20. This design option is simple and does not require a graphic explanation.

On Fig-21 shows the design of the gun, in which the internal combustion engine is made in the form of a sliding shutter. In figures 15, 16 and 17, the gun is shown in the state after the shot.

To make a shot, the shooter, using the handle 52, moves the cylinder 7 to the leftmost (according to the figure) position (Fig. 18), while thanks to the stop 50, along with the cylinder 7, the piston 8 with the protrusion 47 moves to the left, and the protrusion 51 extends beyond the lever trigger 41, which, thanks to the spring 42, fixes the position of the piston 8 from moving towards the barrel (to the right in the figure). Since in this case the working (over-piston) cavity of cylinder 8 becomes leaky, communicates with the atmosphere and changes the volume, it expands due to natural air convection and is freed from the rest of the combustion products of the previous shot and filled with a fresh portion of air from the atmosphere. Cycles of release and filling of the cylinder occur sequentially.

Between the piston 8, the protrusion 47 and the inlet of the barrel, a sufficient space is formed so that the shooter can insert the projectile 4.

Next, the shooter using the handle 52 moves the shutter (i.e., cylinder 7) towards the barrel and fixes it by turning the handle 52, moving it along the groove 53 (see also Figs. 15 and 17). In this case, the piston 8 remains in place, fixed by the protrusion 51 and the release lever 41, the spring 13 is compressed, the cylinder 7 is tightly pressed against the plane of the breech, the cavity of the cylinder 7 is sealed (Fig. 19).

To make a shot, the arrow turns the trigger mechanism 20, while, as in the previous design, fuel is injected through the nozzle 43 into the cylinder cavity 7. With a further turn of the trigger mechanism 20, the protrusion 40 rotates the trigger 41, releasing the protrusion 51 holding the piston 8 , the piston 8 begins to move toward the barrel, compressing the air-fuel mixture and causing active evaporation of fuel due to an increase in temperature during compression. There is a compression beat.

When the pressure and temperature reach the optimum value, the protrusion 51 reaches the back of the projectile 4 (see FIGS. 20 and 21) and strikes the capsule installed in it, which ignites the air-fuel mixture, the pressure in the cylinder 7 increases sharply, the conical protrusion 55 on the pool 4 is crushed (the direction of collapse is shown in Fig. 21 by arrows), and the bullet begins to move along the barrel, a shot occurs, i.e. gas expansion stroke or stroke.

As in the previous design, the ignition of the air-fuel mixture in this embodiment of the gun can be carried out by a high-voltage electric candle, electric glow plug, or spontaneously, if fuel is used as vaporizing liquids with a low flash point of vapors, the ignition temperature of which is sufficient for compression to ignite air-fuel mixture with a piston 8.

The operation of the projectile shown in Fig.22 and 23 does not require explanation. It should only be noted that in Fig.22 shows the projectile in the state before moving away, and in Fig.23 - after the actuation of the pressure limit valve, made in the form of a ring 58.

The described designs of sporting and hunting rifles are of high quality regarding the safety of their use.

First of all, for their use, ready-made ammunition containing explosives is not needed. Accordingly, these ammunition cannot be lost or stolen for unauthorized use. The explosive (air-fuel mixture) in the described structures is prepared directly at the time of the shot, in connection with which the gun is completely safe during transportation and during ford hunting, as accidentally touching the trigger is not enough for firing a shot, the movement of which for firing a shot is done with considerable effort and for a relatively long time. The latter circumstance also does not allow the effective use of a gun in hostilities, which increases its safety for the population.

In addition, the power of the shot in the proposed designs is strictly limited by the volume of the cylinder, i.e. the amount of air that is used to burn fuel. In this regard, the shot cannot be reinforced with excess fuel (“excess” fuel simply will not burn). At the same time, in known constructions of guns that use gunpowder to create the pressure necessary for a shot in the barrel, the amount of gunpowder can be accidentally or deliberately increased, which often causes the barrel to burst and cause the shooter and people around him to suffer serious and even fatal injuries.

It is also known that during long-term storage, gunpowder acquires brisant properties, its burning turns into an explosion, which can also cause destruction of weapons and harmful consequences. Long-term storage of flammable liquids or gas does not cause such changes in them.

The storage and transportation of powder charges is also unsafe, because a rise in temperature or shock can lead to their explosion, which has extremely high power and destructive ability. The storage of liquid or gaseous fuels is much less dangerous, these types of fuels are not afraid of shock, and their ignition does not lead to such destructive consequences as occur during the burning of gunpowder, and therefore liquid and combustible gaseous substances are widely used in household appliances.

The use of the proposed gun design also allows you to do without expensive shells that are thrown after a shot, which reduces the cost of a shot and has a beneficial effect on the environment.

Claims (11)

1. Sports and hunting rifle containing a receiver, a barrel in which a projectile, a chamber and a trigger are placed, characterized in that the chamber is made in the form of a cylinder of a four-stroke internal combustion engine with a piston and a fuel and gas distribution system and is connected to a source of fuel liquid or gaseous medium. 2. Sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of a combustible gaseous medium is connected to the cylinder through a check valve that interacts with the pusher, which, in turn, interacts with the trigger. 3. Sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the source of liquid combustible medium is connected to the cylinder through the pump and check valves, and the pump has a drive that interacts with the trigger mechanism. 4. Sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is equipped with a device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium. 5. Sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium is made in the form of at least one piezoceramic plate, the high-voltage electric electrodes of which are placed in the cylinder zone, and an impact a mechanism interacting with said plate and a trigger or with a piston located in the cylinder. 6. Sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous medium is made in the form of an electric spark plug connected to a source of electrical energy. 7. Sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the device for igniting a combustible liquid or gaseous substance is made in the form of a capsule igniting from an impact, for example, of the “Centroboy” type, the active mass of which is turned towards the cylinder cavity . 8. Sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile contains a pressure limit valve. 9. Sports and hunting rifle according to any one of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that the limit pressure valve mounted on the projectile is made in the form of a cone-shaped increase in the diameter of its part, and part of the barrel inlet has a mating conical cavity. 10. Sports and hunting rifle but to any one of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that the pressure limit valve mounted on the projectile is made in the form of an o-ring made of elastic material, and the projectile is equipped with a recess in which the said ring is installed . 11. Sports and hunting rifle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is made in the form of a sliding bolt bolt with rotation.

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