RU2505417C2 - Engraving device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: engraving device has a housing in which is mounted a stepper motor, on the shaft of which there is a hammer with a diamond needle rigidly attached to first and second magnets, wherein the device has third and fourth magnets oriented relative the first and second magnets such that the first and third, as well as the second and fourth magnets repel each other in pairs, wherein the first and second magnets are attached to the hammer on the right side and left side of said shaft, and the third and fourth magnets are attached to the housing, wherein the first and second, as well as the third and fourth magnets are oriented in pairs relative each other such that said repelling forces of their interaction have a component lying in the plane of motion of the hammer.

EFFECT: simple design and high stability of operation of the engraving device.

14 cl, 7 ex, 7 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The claimed invention relates to engraving devices for machining surfaces of solid materials.

The prior art.

An engraving device is known that includes a base with a fixed stand, to which a flat spring is attached at one end, and the other with one of the ends of the L-shaped yoke of an electromagnet attached to a plate rigidly fixed to the base. A collet is attached to the other end of the L-shaped yoke, in which a percussion instrument in the form of a needle with a diamond tip is mounted, a screw-mounted bearing is mounted on the base through the eccentric adjuster, with the possibility of tracking the workpiece relief, while the gap between the workpiece and the needle tip should be less than 0.02 mm with the ability to transmit color without distortion (RF patent for utility model No. 67926, IPC B44B 3/00 (2006.01), 2007 [1]).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the use of a flat spring. With repeated bending, the mechanical flat spring ceases to restore its shape, which leads to the need to replace it to maintain the quality of the engraving.

An engraving device A is known, comprising a stepper motor, to the control windings of which control pulses are received from the control unit. A rocker with a working tool at the end is mounted on the engine shaft. The beam is equipped with a lever to which the first disk permanent magnets are rigidly connected, parallel to which the second permanent magnets are mounted. The second magnets are placed on the adjusting elements, which are mounted on the housing. An electric motor (electric motor stator) is also fixed in the housing. The first and second magnets operate according to a differential circuit in the repulsive forces mode (RF patent for the invention No. 2429139, IPC B44B 3/00 (2006/01), 2011 [2]).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the presence of a lever on which the first magnets are fixed. This complicates the design, leads to a decrease in maintainability of the beam and the reliability of the entire device. When the engraving device is operating, the beam performs angular vibrations. In this case, a possible damage is breaking off the lever with magnets, which leads to the need to replace the entire beam.

Another disadvantage of this analogue is the gap between the magnets open. This leads to the ingress of dust from the treated surface, which, for granite, for example, is itself magnetic. This mechanically limits the amplitude of the oscillations of the striker, and also changes the strength of the interaction of the magnets, which leads to the need to adjust the device.

The third disadvantage of this analogue is the fastening of the second magnets on the adjusting elements. It also complicates the design and reduces the stability of the device. To configure the device requires accurate calculations to balance. In order for the energy conservation law for a closed system to be fulfilled, the work of the acting and opposing forces must be equal. That is, the operator of the machine or the automation of the machine must be sophisticated complex actions and settings to achieve an equilibrium position.

The first of the aforementioned drawbacks is eliminated in an engraving device B known from the same source [2], which contains a stepper motor, to the control windings of which control pulses are received from the control unit. A rocker with a working tool at the end is mounted on the engine shaft. Above and below to the beam, parallel to its axis, the first disk permanent magnets are fixed, parallel to which the second permanent magnets are mounted. The second magnets are placed on the adjusting elements, which are mounted on the housing. An electric motor (electric motor stator) is also fixed in the housing. The first and second magnets operate according to a differential circuit in the repulsive forces mode (RF patent for the invention No. 2429139, IPC B44B 3/00 (2006/01), 2011 [2]).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the placement of the first magnets on the beam above and below. Such placement, due to the unequal action of gravity in the systems of the upper and lower pair of magnets, necessitates an individual adjustment of the distance between the magnets, which complicates the design of the device and its adjustment.

Another disadvantage of this analogue remains the fastening of the second magnets on the adjusting elements. It also complicates the design and reduces the reliability of the device.

The third disadvantage of this analogue is the location of the magnets close to the granite stone, which increases the likelihood of clogging of the intermagnetic gap.

Engraving device B in the aggregate of essential features is the closest device of the same purpose to the claimed engraving device. Therefore, it is adopted as a prototype.

Disclosure of the invention.

The technical result provided by the claimed invention is to simplify the design and increase the stability of the engraving device.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the engraving device comprises a housing with a stepping motor fixed in it, on the axis of which a hammer with a diamond needle is mounted, to which the first and second magnets are rigidly fixed. Moreover, the device contains a third and fourth magnets oriented relative to the first and second magnets so that the first and third, as well as the second and fourth magnets act against each other in pairs repulsive. In this case, the first and second magnets are fixed to the hammer on the right and left of the axis, and the third and fourth magnets are fixed to the body. In this case, the first and second, as well as the third and fourth magnets are pairwise oriented relative to each other so that the mentioned repulsive forces of their interaction have a component lying in the plane of movement of the striker.

The first and second, as well as the third and fourth magnets are preferably pairwise oriented relative to each other so that the said repulsive forces of their interaction lie completely in the plane of movement of the striker.

It is advisable that the first and second magnets are fixed to the drummer at the same distance from the mentioned axis.

The first and second magnets can be fixed on top of the hammer, and the third and fourth magnets - from below to the continuation of the upper housing cover or to a bracket rigidly fixed to the housing. In this case, the third and fourth magnets should be fixed above the first and second magnets, respectively.

The engraving device may include a support wheel fixed to the housing so that the lower edge of the wheel is located below the housing. Wherein:

- either the diamond needle is placed in the drummer with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction and fixed in the drummer with a screw, and the wheel axis is rigidly fixed in the housing;

- either the diamond needle is fixed in the drummer and the wheel axis is rigidly fixed in the holder mounted on the housing with the possibility of sliding up and down on its surface. Moreover, from above the holder abuts against the restrictive screw screwed into the protrusion of the housing.

Preferably, the first and second magnets are placed in the mounting holes inside the striker, and the third and fourth magnets are placed in the mounting holes inside the strap, which is rigidly fixed to the housing. In this case, the gap between the said bar and the striker is preferably hermetically sealed around the perimeter with an elastic curtain.

The drummer can be placed outside or inside the body. In the second case, the area of the drummer must be separated from the area of the electric motor by a partition.

According to a preferred embodiment, two support wheels are coaxially fixed to the body of the diamond needle. In this case, the wheels are fixed to the housing with the possibility of changing the position of their axes relative to the housing. In this case, the axles of the wheels can be rigidly fixed in the bridge, which is mounted on a bearing in a holder fixed with the possibility of vertical movement on the inner surface of the housing wall.

A brief description of the drawings.

The figure 1 shows a diagram of the engraving device, side view, figure 2 is a diagram of the device, front view, figure 3 is a diagram of the device of example 4, side view, figure 4 is a diagram of the device of example 4, section E- E of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of Example 7 with a cutout, side view, FIG. 6 is a diagram of the apparatus of Examples 5, 6, 7 with a notch, a front view, and FIG. 7 is a diagram of the apparatus of Examples 5, 6, 7, section HH of FIG. 6.

Embodiments of the invention.

The engraving device comprises a stepper motor (2) fixed in the housing (1), on the axis (3) of which a horizontal hammer (4) with a diamond needle (5) is fixed (Fig. 1).

The drummer (4) during operation of the device performs angular oscillations around the axis (3), on which it is fixed (figure 2).

The first (6) and second (7) permanent magnets are rigidly fixed to the hammer (4) to the right and left of the axis (3). Opposite the first magnet (6), a third permanent magnet (8) is fixed to the housing (1), and a fourth permanent magnet (9) is fixed to the housing (1), opposite the second magnet (7). The magnets are oriented relative to each other so that the first (6) and third (8), as well as the second (7) and fourth (9) magnets act against each other in pairs repulsive, and these repulsive forces of interaction of the magnets have a component lying in the plane of motion drummer (4). It is preferable to arrange the magnets so that the aforementioned repulsive forces of interaction of the magnets lie completely in the plane of movement of the striker (4).

It is advisable to place the first (6) and second (7) magnets equidistant from the axis (3). This allows you to use the same magnets as magnets (6, 7, 8, 9) and install the first (6) and third (8), as well as the second (7) and fourth (9) magnets at the same distance from each other. This ensures the unification of the claimed engraving device.

The first (6) and second (7) magnets can be placed relative to the axis (3) at different distances. However, in this case, it is necessary either to use different magnets (different in the generated magnetic field), or to place the magnets in pairs one-three and two-four at different distances from each other.

To prevent damage to the treated surface (10) by the body (1) or the needle (5), the engraving device is equipped with a support wheel (13) fixed to the body (1) so that the lower edge of the wheel (13) is located below the body (1). The support wheel (13) is preferably made in the form of a rolling bearing.

Examples of specific performance.

Example 1. The drummer (4) is located outside the housing (1) (Fig.1, 2). The first (6) and second (7) magnets are mounted on top of the hammer (4). The third (8) and fourth (9) magnets are fixed from below to the continuation of the top cover (12) of the housing (1). In this case, the third (8) and fourth (9) magnets are fixed above the first (6) and second (7) magnets, respectively.

Example 2. The first (6) and second (7) magnets are mounted on top of the hammer (4). The third (8) and fourth (9) magnets are fixed from below to a bracket rigidly fixed to the housing (1). In this case, the third (8) and fourth (9) magnets are fixed above the first (6) and second (7) magnets.

Example 3. To provide the possibility of regulating the working gap between the end of the diamond needle (5) and the work surface (10), the needle (5) is placed in the hammer (4) with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction and fixed in the hammer (4) with a screw (not shown). In this case, the axis of the wheel (13) is rigidly fixed in the housing (1).

Example 4. To enable the adjustment of the working gap between the end of the diamond needle (5) and the work surface (10), the support wheel (13) is fixed to the housing with the possibility of changing the height of the axis of the wheel (13) relative to the housing (1) (Figs. 3, 4 ) In this case, the axis of the wheel (13) is rigidly fixed in the holder (14), which is mounted on the housing (1) with the possibility of sliding up and down along its surface. From above, the holder (14) abuts against the limit screw (15), screwed into the protrusion (16) of the housing (1).

In this case, the needle (5) is installed in the drummer (4) motionless.

Example 5. To reduce the height of the housing (1), the hammer (4) is provided with landing holes in which the first (6) and second (7) magnets are installed (Figs. 6, 7). The third (8) and fourth (9) magnets are placed inside the strap (17) in proportionate mounting holes. The strap (17) is rigidly fixed to the housing (1) with screws (not shown).

In order to protect the intermagnetic gap from dust, the gap between the bar (17) and the striker (4) is hermetically closed around the perimeter by an elastic shutter (not shown).

Example 6. In order to protect the drummer (4) is placed inside the housing (1) (Fig.6, 7). In this case, the location of the striker (4) is separated from the area of the electric motor by a partition (18).

Example 7. To enable adjustment of the working gap between the end of the diamond needle (5) and the work surface (10) in the preferred embodiment, two support wheels (13) are coaxially fixed to the body (1) of the diamond needle (5) (Fig. 5, 6, 7). The wheels (13) are fixed to the housing (1) with the possibility of changing the position of their axes relative to the housing (1).

In this case, the axles of the wheels (13) are rigidly fixed in the bridge (19). The bridge (19) is mounted in the holder (14) on the bearing (20), which makes it possible to rotate the bridge (19) in a vertical plane passing through the axles of the wheels (13).

The holder (14) is mounted on the inner wall of the housing (1) with the possibility of sliding up and down along its surface. In this case, the holder (14) contains two threaded holes, and the housing (1) in the area of the holder (14) contains two vertical elongated holes (21). The holder (14) is fastened to the housing (1) using screws (22) inserted into the holes (21) and screwed into the said holes of the holder (14).

The implementation of the structural elements of the claimed engraving device is not limited to the above examples.

Work description.

When using an engraving device, it is freely mounted on the vertical axis of the engraving machine. Under the influence of gravity, the engraving device occupies a position on the work surface. In this case, the wheel (13) is mechanically in contact with the work surface (10).

In the initial position, the striker (4) is located horizontally and motionless, the interaction forces of the magnets (6, 7, 8, 9) are balanced.

Using a control controller, control pulses are applied to one of the motor windings (2). The selection of the winding to which such pulses are applied, as well as the duration of the pulses and the distance of the diamond needle (5) from the work surface (10), is made depending on the impact force that the diamond needle (5) must make on the work surface (10). The flow of current in the motor winding (2) causes its shaft to rotate (at a small angle). The drummer (4) also scrolls, and strikes with a diamond needle (5) on the work surface (10), on which the point remains from the impact.

The rotation of the striker (4) and the displacement of the magnets fixed on it (6, 7) leads to the imbalance of the interaction forces of the magnets (6, 7, 8, 9). In this case, the resulting force of interaction of the magnets (6, 7, 8, 9) tends to return the striker (4) to its original position.

According to the decline of the control pulse, the rotation force of the shaft (3) of the motor (2) decreases to zero, and the resulting interaction force of the magnets (6, 7, 8, 9) returns the striker (4) to its original position.

Thus, from the foregoing, it follows that in the inventive engraving device, the claimed technical result: “simplifying the design and increasing the stability of work” is achieved due to the fact that the engraving device comprises a housing with a stepping motor fixed in it, on the axis of which a hammer with a diamond needle is mounted, to which the first and second magnets are rigidly fixed to the right and left of the axis. In this case, the device comprises third and fourth magnets fixed to the housing, oriented relative to the first and second magnets so that the first and third, as well as the second and fourth magnets act against each other in pairs. In this case, the first and second, as well as the third and fourth magnets are pairwise oriented relative to each other so that the mentioned repulsive forces of their interaction have a component lying in the plane of movement of the striker.

The absence of the need to adjust the gap between the magnets reduces the likelihood of violation of the settings (deregulation), which would lead to a decrease in the quality of the engraving. In the inventive engraving device does not require manual or other adjustment of the equilibrium position of the drummer.

Industrial applicability.

The author of the engraving device made a prototype, the tests of which confirmed the achievement of the technical result.

The inventive engraving device is implemented using industrially produced devices and materials, can be manufactured at any engineering company and will be widely used in the field of engraving devices.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. RF patent for utility model No. 67926, IPC B44V 3/00 (2006.01), 2007.

2. RF patent for the invention No. 2429139, IPC B44B 3/00 (2006/01), 2011.

Claims (14)

1. An engraving device comprising a housing with a stepping motor fixed therein, on the axis of which a drummer with a diamond needle is mounted, to which the first and second magnets are rigidly fixed, the device comprising a third and fourth magnets oriented relative to the first and second magnets so that the first and third, as well as the second and fourth magnets act against each other in pairs repulsive, characterized in that the first and second magnets are fixed to the drummer to the right and left of the axis, and the third and fourth Magnets are fixed to the housing, wherein the first and second and third and fourth magnets are pairwise oriented relative to each other so that said repelling forces are their interaction component lying in the plane of motion of the impactor. 2. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second, as well as the third and fourth magnets are pairwise oriented relative to each other so that the said repulsive forces of their interaction lie completely in the plane of movement of the striker. 3. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnets are fixed to the drummer at the same distance from the said axis. 4. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnets are fixed on top of the hammer, the third and fourth magnets are attached from below to the continuation of the upper housing cover, while the third and fourth magnets are fixed above the first and second magnets, respectively. 5. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnets are fixed on top of the hammer, the third and fourth magnets are fixed from below to a strap rigidly mounted on the housing, while the third and fourth magnets are fixed above the first and second magnets, respectively. 6. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a support wheel fixed to the housing so that the lower edge of the wheel is located below the housing. 7. The engraving device according to claim 6, characterized in that the diamond needle is placed in the hammer with the possibility of movement in the vertical direction and is fixed in the hammer with a screw, while the wheel axis is rigidly fixed in the housing. 8. The engraving device according to claim 6, characterized in that the wheel axis is rigidly fixed in the holder mounted on the housing with the possibility of sliding on its surface up and down, while the holder rests on top of the restrictive screw screwed into the protrusion of the housing, while the diamond the needle is stationary in the drummer. 9. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second magnets are placed in the mounting holes inside the striker, and the third and fourth magnets are placed in the mounting holes inside the strap, which is rigidly fixed to the housing. 10. The engraving device according to claim 9, characterized in that the gap between the said bar and the striker is hermetically closed around the perimeter by an elastic curtain. 11. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drummer is placed outside the housing. 12. The engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the striker is placed inside the housing, and the area of the striker is separated from the area of the electric motor by a partition. 13. The engraving device according to claim 12, characterized in that two support wheels are coaxially fixed to the housing of the diamond needle, while the wheels are mounted to the housing with the possibility of changing the position of their axes relative to the housing. 14. The engraving device according to item 13, wherein the axles of the wheels are rigidly fixed in the bridge, which is mounted on a bearing in a holder, mounted with the possibility of vertical movement on the inner surface of the housing wall.

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