RU2499888C2 - Tunnelling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: tunnelling machine includes a frame with caterpillar trucks, a tray, an actuating element with a telescope, a conveyor, a buffer device, and a control panel, which are fixed on it. With that, the machine frame is provided with a telescopic pushing device with a power cylinder and a buffer with a support cylinder and brackets for fixation of support beams with holes for anchor bolts and an installation place of anchor posts into the mine working roof. Extension value of an extensible part of the pushing device is divisible by the value of telescope of the actuating element and mine working support pitch. The control panel of the telescopic pushing device is combined with the machine control panel and interconnected with the machine operation. Besides, the machine buffer devices can be equipped with a telescopic part and combined along the machine frame axis in the pusher housing with an axial partition wall. The telescopic pushing device can be made in the form of telescopic cylinders using support beams with holes for anchoring to mine working ground, thus compensating the divergence of planes in support places of the machine caterpillar trucks and its support beams to the mine working ground.

EFFECT: enlarging scope of application of tunnelling machines with caterpillar movement as to inclination angles of the mine working; improving operating reliability of the machine and its mobility and compactness.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to roadheaders for mining. It can be used in the coal industry.

Known tunneling machine containing a frame mounted on it with an actuator with a telescope and a rotary device, a conveyor with a loading device (tray), tracked carts, buffers with support cylinders at the back of the combine, and a control unit connected to the control panel of the combine operator [1] .

The disadvantage of this combine is that its field of application at the tilt angles of the workings is limited to ± 10 ° and the buffers perform only the stability functions of the combine during its work on breaking the rock mass.

A tunneling machine is also known, which contains a drum-type towing and safety device with the drum secured to the drive stars of tracked vehicles, while the width of the combine increases from 1600 mm to 2230 mm and, depending on the direction of the inclined working, the end of the rope is fastened with anchor bolts in front or behind the drum; pulls ahead; at the back - it holds, while the buffers with supporting cylinders ensure the stability of the combine during its work on breaking the rock mass [2].

This roadheader is selected as a prototype of the proposed solution.

The first drawback of this harvester is that it uses a rope as a traction and safety element, in the operating area of which there is a service personnel, which is unsafe when it breaks or breaks.

The second drawback is that the width of the combine increases, which makes it necessary to dismantle the traction and safety device for transporting the combine through the mine workings, and then mount it.

The third disadvantage is that there is no constant synchronization of the caterpillar track movement with cable-drum traction, which creates additional dynamic loads, jerks and reduces the reliability of the combine.

The fourth disadvantage is that the buffers with supporting cylinders perform functions only in terms of the stability of the combine during its work on breaking the rock mass.

The fifth drawback is that there is a lot of complexity in servicing the traction and safety device due to the many different operations of winding, unwinding ropes, their adjustment and rearrangement.

The technical result of the invention consists in increasing the field of application of roadheaders with caterpillar tracks in the tilt angles, as well as in increasing the reliability of the combine and its mobility and compactness.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the combine for conducting mine workings with a variable angle of inclination, containing a frame with caterpillar trucks mounted on it, a tray, an actuator with a telescope, a conveyor, buffer devices, a control panel, according to the invention, a telescopic pushing is introduced into the combine frame device with a power cylinder and a buffer with a support cylinder.

A telescopic pushing device with a power cylinder is placed in the cavity of the frame along its axis. The buffers are equipped with brackets for attaching expanders with holes for anchor bolts. The magnitude of the extension of the sliding part of the pushing device is a multiple of the magnitude of the telescope of the actuator and the mounting step of the mine.

The control panel of the telescopic pushing device is combined with the control panel of the combine and interlocked with the operation of the combine. It is possible that the buffer devices of the combine (they are also pushing devices) are equipped with a telescopic part, are also aligned along the axis of the combine frame in the pusher body with an axial baffle, while the buffer devices are alternately supported on the soil of the mine through each mounting step or the size of the next strip to be removed in the face mining.

It is also possible to equip existing buffer devices located at the rear in the alignment with caterpillar carts, with pushers, for which the harvester frame is extended at the places of their installation by the extension width, a multiple of the magnitude of the telescope of the executive body of the combine.

It is also possible to design the pusher in the form of telescopic cylinders, the extendable part of which with the use of support beams provides compensation in the divergence of the planes in the places of support of the tracked carts of the combine and the support beams to the soil of the mine.

It is also possible to use permanently fixed expansion cylinders as expansion struts with the possibility of expansion into the roof of a mine working with expansion beams both when pushing and holding the combine.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the harvester during mining using a pusher - side view. Figure 2 is the same, top view. Figure 3 shows a telescopic pushing device. Figure 4 shows a dual push-walking device.

A roadheader consists of (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) of a frame 1, caterpillar trucks 2, a tray 3, an actuator 4 with a telescope 5, a conveyor 6, buffer devices 7 and a control unit 8. The frame is made along the axis of the box-shaped combine, in the cavity of which is placed a telescopic pushing device 9 (hereinafter the pusher) with a power cylinder 10 placed along the axis of the pusher with a spacing that is a multiple of the fastening step of the mine working and the telescope of the actuator. The sliding telescopic part of the pusher 11 (hereinafter referred to as the telescope) is equipped with a buffer device 12 with a support cylinder 13 and brackets for attaching the support beams 14.

All actuators are connected to the control unit. The body 15 of the pusher (figure 2, 3) consists of: a blind end cap 16 with eyes 17 for attaching the head of the rod 18 of the cylinder 10 and the mounting window 19; from an open head with a flange 20, fasteners with a frame of the combine.

The telescope in the head of the pusher is equipped with a platform 21 with eyes 22 mounted on it for mounting the power cylinder, brackets 23, 24 for installing respectively a buffer device with a support cylinder.

The brackets 14 from the end parts are provided with bores for fastening the support beams 25 (conventionally shown in the drawing) with anchor holes outside the width of the conveyor 6 for the convenience of anchoring into the soil the development or installation of spacers either portable or permanently fixed in the form of cylinders. There is also an option (Fig. 4), in which the buffer devices (they are also pushing devices) are equipped with a separate telescopic part 26, 28, are also aligned along the axis of the combine frame in the pusher body with an axial partition 27 or disconnected at the places of their initial installation in the tracked alignment trolleys, for which the frame of the combine is extended by the placement of the telescopic part of the buffer devices, a multiple of the magnitude of the telescope of the working body.

There is an embodiment of the cylindrical pusher, when using support beams with holes for anchoring into the excavation soil, compensating for possible differences in the planes at the supports of the combine with tracked carts and supporting beams with mining soil.

A roadheader works as follows. If it is necessary to conduct mining by a roadheader with a caterpillar mechanism of movement outside its technical characteristics, tilt angles (usually ± 10 °) include the pusher from the control panel of the combine.

The initial position of the pusher: the telescope is shortened (retracted), the buffer device 12 is raised (in the transport position). From the control panel 8 of the support cylinder 13, the buffer device 12 is bursting into the soil of the mine, so that part of the weight of the combine was redistributed to the buffer device.

The telescopic part of the actuator 4 is pushed into the chest of the face when the actuator is turned on, it is cut by the size of the strip to be removed, while all the buffer devices 7, 12 are open. At the end of the notch, the telescope of the executive body is reduced to its original position. From the control panel, after reducing the telescope of the actuator, the harvester 7 buffer devices are lifted from the excavation soil and simultaneously turning on the tracked carts 2 and the pusher 9 power cylinder 10 move the harvester to the contact of the actuator and the face in the cutting hole previously removed by the telescope, the running and pushing parts are switched off (tracks and cylinder), the buffer devices of the combine 7 are bursting and the processing of the face on the retracted telescope of the actuator to the depth of the strip to be removed (usually 0, 5 m).

At the end of the face processing, the executive body is put into the initial position along the axis of the combine, the executive body telescope is turned on, the depth of the next removable strip is cut, the telescope is cut, buffer devices are removed from the spacer, the tracked carts and the power cylinder are turned on, the combine is moved to the face of the face, bursted buffer 7, pull the retractable part (telescope) 11 in its original position, burst buffer 12 in the soil of development. With the supports of all the buffer devices, processing of the next strip of the face of the mine begins. After processing, the executive body is removed, its telescope is reduced.

Mining fastening operations begin, according to the fastening passport in compliance with the fastening step (usually from 0.5 to 1.0 m), while all the combine's buffer devices are open, are on active backwater.

In case of weak working soil, when the usual pusher spacer is not effective, support beams 25 are mounted to the brackets 14 of the buffer device 12, through the holes of which wells are drilled and anchor bolts are installed — rods or spacer cylinders are used in the roof.

After completing the fastening of the mining in front of the combine, the process is repeated with the above operations for the next fastening step.

When using a double pusher along the axis of the frame of the combine, the sliding parts of the pusher (buffer) are alternately supported and moved, which ensures constant contact of the buffer devices with the working soil in a walking manner.

LITERATURE

1. Equipment for treatment and preparatory work. Catalog of MinUgleProm USSR. M. 1986, p.196-202.

2. Equipment for treatment and preparatory work. Catalog of MinUgleProm USSR. M. 1986, p.198.

Claims (9)

1. A roadheader for conducting mine workings with a variable angle of inclination, comprising a frame with caterpillar trucks mounted on it, a tray, an actuator with a telescope, conveyor, buffer devices, a control panel, characterized in that a telescopic pushing device with a power device is inserted into the combine frame cylinder and buffer with reference cylinder. 2. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic pushing device with a power cylinder is placed in the cavity of the frame along its axis. 3. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding part of the telescopic pushing device is equipped with a buffer device with a support cylinder and brackets for fastening the support beams with holes for anchor bolts and the installation location of the struts in the roof of the mine. 4. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnitude of the extension of the sliding part of the pushing device is a multiple of the magnitude of the telescope of the actuator and the mounting step of the mine. 5. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the control panel of the telescopic pushing device is combined with the control panel of the combine and interlocked with the operation of the combine. 6. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the buffer devices of the combine (they are pushing devices) are equipped with a telescopic part, aligned along the axis of the frame of the combine in the pusher body with an axial baffle, while the buffer devices are alternately supported on the soil of the mine through each step fastenings or the size of the next strip to be removed in the face with the movement of the combine. 7. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the existing buffer devices are equipped with pushers in alignment with tracked carts, for which, at the places of their installation, the frame of the combine is extended by the extension width, a multiple of the notch of the next removable strip and a multiple of the magnitude of the telescope of the actuator. 8. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic pushing device is made in the form of telescopic cylinders, the retractable part of which using support beams provides compensation for the divergence of planes at the points of support of the tracked carts of the combine and its support beams to the soil of the mine. 9. The harvester according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that permanently fixed expansion cylinders can be used as expansion struts, with the possibility of expansion into the roof of a mine working from expansion beams, both when pushing and holding the combine.

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