RU2496294C1 - Platform-maker - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry industry, in particular to devices for forming recess-platform around stumps and their purification from the soil within the depth of the platform. The platform-maker comprises a frame with working bodies placed on it, drive and transmission. The frame is made reverse-rotational at an angle of ±410°. The working bodies are made as rotors with radially located rippers-purifiers on the horizontal axis of rotation. The rotors are connected to the frame by means of hinged four-link suspensions with double-rod hydraulic cylinder located between them, changing the distance between the rotors, depending on the diameter of the stump. The rippers-purifiers are made flexible, of round section.

EFFECT: constructive implementation enables to reduce the dynamic loads and to increase the reliability of operation of tree-planting machines due to removal of the abrasive environment and providing lowering of the stumps below the level of soil surface by milling machines because of the intense wear of their working bodies.

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Description

The invention relates to forestry engineering, in particular, to devices for the formation of a recess - the area around the stumps and their cleaning from the soil within the depth of the site, in order to increase the depth of lowering the stumps by machines such as MUP - 4 and MPP - 0.75 and reduce wear of their workers organs.

The machines used to remove the aerial parts of stumps on clearings cut or grind stumps at the level of the soil surface or slightly higher.

A known machine for removing the aerial parts of stumps MUP - 4 (Machines and mechanisms of forestry and forestry. Handbook. M., 2009, p.149-151), consisting of an arrow, a milling tool, a drive mechanism, a frame. The working body is a conical cutter with cutting elements fixed on it - cutters. When preparing cuttings for forest crops, the MUP-4 machine removes the aerial part of stumps.

Also known is the MPP machine - 0.75, which is designed to cut off the aerial parts of stumps (Machines and mechanisms of forestry and forestry. Handbook. M., 2009, p.153).

However, the remaining underground part of the stumps is an obstacle to the operation of plows, cultivators, disk and other tillage machines, and especially forest planting machines, since the coulter moves at a depth of 25-30 cm. The machines experience high dynamic loads, as a result of which technical solutions related with an increase in mass and the use of high-strength materials. In addition, the underground part of the stumps leads to a decrease in the quality of forestry operations.

The main obstacle to lowering stumps below the soil surface by milling working bodies working in an abrasive medium is intensive wear and, as a result, a short intergrowing period of cutting elements, low productivity.

As a prototype, the platform maker OPGN - 1 was selected (Vinokurov V.N., Silaev V.G., Kazakov V.I. Mechanization of forestry and forestry. M, 2006, p.233-234)., Consisting of a frame, a cylindrical body , knives for cutting and loosening the soil, auger drill, drive and transmission.

However, it is intended for the construction of stepped platforms with the simultaneous formation of landing holes on mountain and ravine-beam slopes, free of woody vegetation. The design of OPGN - 1 does not allow its use to remove the topsoil and form a cylindrical area around the stump. The knives are rigidly connected to the cylindrical body on the vertical axis of rotation and cannot be used to clean the stump of adhering soil.

The invention solves the problem of creating conditions for improving reliability, more efficient operation of mechanisms that lower stumps below the soil surface, i.e. working in an abrasive medium, by removing the topsoil from the stump to the sides while cleaning its exposed part from adhering soil.

This is achieved by the fact that in the platform divider containing the frame, the working bodies, the drive and the transmission, according to the invention, the frame with the working bodies placed on it is made reversibly rotated by an angle of ± 410 °, and the working bodies are in the form of rotors with radially located cultivators cleaners on the horizontal axis of rotation are connected to the frame by means of articulated four-link suspensions with a two-rod hydraulic cylinder installed between them, which changes the distance between the rotors depending on the diameter of the stump. Rippers-cleaners are made flexible, circular cross-section.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the platform; figure 2 is a flow chart of the work of the platform maker; figure 3 - working body (frontal projection).

The platform divider consists of a frame 1, rotors 2, four-link articulated suspensions 3 of rotors to a frame 1, a two-rod hydraulic cylinder 4 for regulating the distance between the rotors depending on the diameter of the stumps, hydraulic motors 5 of the rotor drive. The equipment is suspended on the boom of a manipulator equipped with a screw rotator, which ensures rotation of the rotors around the stump by an angle of ± 410 °. The rotor rotates in bearings mounted in suspensions 3, and contains a rotation axis 6, disks 7, flexible working elements 8 for shifting the soil from the stump and cleaning it, spacer sleeves 9.

The platform maker works as follows. The operator, when the unit is in a stopped position, using a hydraulic manipulator, sets up a platform divider above the stump, lowers it to the soil surface and turns on the hydraulic motors, as a result, the rotors are rotated, which, with their flexible working elements, are deepened and remove the upper soil layer away from the stump; at the same time, flexible elements, acting on a stump from top to bottom, remove the soil adhering to it. To form a platform in the form of a circle, a screw rotator is periodically actuated, which rotates the rotors around the stump by an angle of ± 410 °. From one stop of the unit, stumps are removed on the area within the reach of the boom of the manipulator, after which the unit moves to the next stop.

The resulting platform around the stump and soil removal from the stump within the depth of the site create conditions for increasing the efficiency of implements, lowering stumps, planting machines and cultivators, as well as tractor running systems, which is reflected in a decrease in dynamic loads and wear of their working bodies, in an increase in operating speeds and productivity, reducing material and labor costs.

Claims (2)

1. The platform divider containing the frame, working bodies, drive and transmission, characterized in that the frame with the working bodies placed on it is made reversibly rotated by an angle of ± 410 °, and the working bodies are in the form of rotors with radially arranged cultivators-cleaners on a horizontal rotation axes are connected to the frame by means of articulated four-link suspensions with a two-rod hydraulic cylinder installed between them, changing the distance between the rotors depending on the diameter of the stump. 2. The platform maker according to claim 1, characterized in that the cultivators-cleaners are made flexible, circular cross-section.

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