RU2105453C1 - Forest restoration method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry, in particular, restoration of forests on cut areas. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying sprout suppressing and moisture retaining layer around planting hole. Apparatus has vertical shaft carrying holder and cutting-ripping members. Shaft is provided with container 8 having protective layer fraction. Container bottom is provided with through openings, which may be covered with adjustable enclosure. Vertical shaft is driven by engine through reducer. Apparatus is moved by drive along guide of frame 1, which is connected with basic transportation vehicle and may be displaced by drive in vertical plane. EFFECT: increased efficiency in forest restoration, simplified method and construction. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to forestry, and in particular to carrying out reforestation.

 The proposed method of reforestation will find application in non-renewable clearings and other forest areas.

 A known method of reforestation, including the preparation of soil, planting holes, planting seedlings (seedlings), planting care. Known devices for implementing individual techniques of the reforestation method. So, for example, a device is known for drilling planting pits at logging sites (ed. St. USSR N 139502, A 01 C 5/00, 1961) or "Platform mover PN-1-0.8" ("Mechanization of reforestation", edition 2 ed., Forest Industry, Moscow, 1975, p. 240). The devices have a vertical shaft with a hole-forming cutter and ripping elements for tillage around the hole. The devices are intended only for soil preparation and drilling of planting pits.

 The disadvantage of the described method is that it is time-consuming and according to the time it takes to implement its methods, it is divided into two stages, the first ends with planting seedlings. In addition to planting seedlings, it is necessary that they take root, take root in the soil, and for this it is necessary to perform a number of tricks of the second stage related to the care of the plantings. During the rooting of seedlings around them, overgrowth grows in the ground (grass cover, shoots of other weeds and shrubs), which dampens young seedlings, depriving them of light, taking away moisture and nutrients. During the rooting period, seedlings “drill” to destroy the shoots, loosen the soil in the near-stem circle to retain moisture in the soil, which requires significant labor costs.

 These techniques are especially important to carry out in the initial period of rooting of seedlings. Untimely implementation of these methods often leads to partial death of seedlings. Given the incomplete survival in the area, an inflated number of seedlings is planted in advance.

The invention aims to eliminate the noted disadvantages, namely to reduce the complexity and cost of reforestation, increase the survival rate of seedlings and thereby reduce the cost of growing planting material,
This is achieved by the fact that, simultaneously with the formation of a hole around it, in a radius that provides seedlings from shading, weeds are crushed, the soil is loosened and covered with a protective layer of environmentally friendly material, which inhibits the growth of the growth and evaporation of moisture during the rooting of seedlings.

 A device for implementing the method includes a transport machine equipped with equipment for forming holes, and the vertical reversing shaft of the hole forming machine with cutting-ripping elements is provided with a capacity, with through holes overlapped by the valve, designed to accommodate the fraction forming the protective layer around the hole.

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device with a section along the BOCD in figure 2; figure 2 is a view of the device in plan, a section along A-A in figure 1; figure 3 is a vertical section along the axis of the hole.

 The equipment of the device consists of a frame 1 of a vertical shaft 2, an engine 3, a gearbox 4, a hole-forming head 5 for preparing landing pits, a disk 6 mounted on a shaft 2 with cutting-ripping elements 7 and a capacity 8. In the bottom of the tank 8 (disk 6), through holes 9, blocked by a valve 10, which is rigidly connected to a pipe 11 freely fitted on the shaft 2, equipped with a brake device 12. The equipment relative to the frame 1 by means of the actuator 13 can be moved vertically in the guide 14.

 The frame 1 is connected to the base transport machine 15 and can be moved relative to it in a vertical plane by means of a drive 16.

 In the initial position of the mechanism, the openings 9 are blocked by a valve 10, the container 8 is loaded with a fraction 17, the equipment with the drive 13 is raised relative to the frame 1, in the upper extreme position.

 The operation of the device is as follows. Having performed the maneuver, the machine 15 is installed in the place of formation of the hole 18. Using the drive 16, the frame 1 with the equipment is released down to a distance from the soil surface, not exceeding the working stroke of the guide 14 of the frame 1. In this position, the drive 16 is turned off (locked). Turn on the motor 3 of the drive shaft 2 with a hole 5, a disk 6 with a capacity of 8 and cutting-ripping elements 7.

 Using the drive 13, the equipment is lowered down. Located in the region of formation of the hole 18, the weed 19 is crushed by the elements 7. At the same time, a hole begins to form using the head 5. With further lowering of the equipment by elements 7, the rhizomes of the shoots are destroyed and the top layer of soil 20 is loosened. When the hole 18 and soil 20 around it are formed, the equipment is lifted by a drive 13 a certain distance upwards (in Fig. 1 this position is shown by the dashed line). the brake 12 of the valve 10. In this case, the openings 9 open, the contents of the container 8 (fraction 17) with an even protective layer 21 covers the loosened soil 20 around the hole 18.

 The shaft 2 is given reverse rotation (reverse), the brake 12 is turned on for a short time. The valve 10 blocks the openings 9. The engine 3 is turned off. Drive 13 frame with the equipment is lifted up. The device is ready for refueling the tank 8 fraction 17 and perform the next cycle. A seedling 22 is planted in the prepared hole.

 Environmentally friendly materials and their mixtures, for example wood sawdust, wood chips, shredded bark, clay, lime, sand and a number of other loose and liquid materials and their mixtures, which then Having performed the protective role of inhibition of growth of the shoots and retention of moisture, they become components of the soil.

Claims (2)

 1. The method of reforestation, including the preparation of the soil, the implementation of planting holes and the introduction of planting material into the soil, characterized in that simultaneously with the formation of the hole, removal of grass cover and overgrowth, loosening of the soil, a protective porous-suppressing, moisture-retaining layer is applied from the environment to the soil pure material.  2. A device for reforestation, containing a transport machine and mounted on a vertical shaft, a hole former with cutting-ripping elements, characterized in that the hole holder has a container for a protective porosleugenitelnaya, water-retaining material with through holes to be blocked.

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