RU2490881C1 - Method of incubating eggs of poultry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to poultry breeding, in particular to methods of incubation, and can be used in agriculture for artificial breeding of young birds. The incubation of chicken eggs is carried out by daily cycles at a temperature of 36-38°C in combination with a 30-minute session of aeroionisation per day. The daily cycle includes 4 periods. In the first period, the eggs are incubated in a temperature range of 37.6-37.8°C. In the second period, the eggs are prepared for aeroionisation session. The temperature is reduced to 36°C and exposed at this temperature range for at least 1 hour. Then the cycle passes into the third period. In the beginning of the third period the temperature is raised to 38°C, and the aeroioniser is switched on. The session of aeroionisation is carried out for 30 minutes with a concentration of aeroions of 10⁵ ion/cm³. At the end of the session of aeroionisation, the fourth period of incubation cycle is started to conduct. The temperature is reduced to 36°C and exposed for 1-1.5 hours. After 1-1.5 hours the temperature is restored to 37.6-37.8°C and exposed during the astronomical day until the next cycle.

EFFECT: intensity of metabolism, gas exchange, tissue respiration is provided, as well as use of nutritional substances of yolk, increase in level of hemoglobin in blood of embryos.

Description

The invention relates to poultry farming, in particular to methods of incubation, and can be used in agriculture (poultry farming) for the artificial breeding of young birds.

There is a method of incubation, in which the air temperature in an incubation cabinet is cyclically changed in the range between its minimum (32 ... 36 ° C) and maximum (39 ... 42 ° C) values with a frequency in the range of 0.5 ... 2 cycle / h (A01K patent 41/00, No. (11) 2070387, application 94028901/15, 08/03/1994, published on 12/20/1996, authors: Fandeev E.I., Derlugyan E.I., Trishechkin P.F., Karchkov V.A., Ushakov V.G., Toldin V.P.).

The disadvantage of this method is the significant temperature spread, which negatively affects the normal course of embryogenesis of chickens. The second disadvantage of this method is the slowdown in the intensity of metabolic processes, gas exchange and tissue respiration of the embryo, the less intensive use of yolk nutrients, due to the low concentration of negative aero ions around the hatching eggs, compared to the natural conditions under a brood hen.

The closest in technological essence, and at which a constant temperature regime is ensured, is a method of incubation of chicken eggs, in which the optimum temperature is maintained in the incubator at 37.5-37.7 ° C (Kochish I.I., Petrash M.G., Smirnov S.B. Poultry Farming .-- M .: KolosS, 2004., p. 228).

The disadvantage of this method, as well as in the first case, is the slowdown in the intensity of metabolic processes, gas exchange and tissue respiration of the embryo, less intensive use of the nutrients of the yolk, due to the low concentration of negative ions around the hatching eggs.

The aim of the invention is the intensification of metabolic processes, gas exchange and tissue respiration, as well as increasing hatchability by increasing the biological activity of air inside the incubator. The proposed method provides the intensity of metabolic processes, gas exchange, tissue respiration, the use of yolk nutrients, as well as an increase in the level of hemoglobin in the blood of embryos due to the action of negative air ions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the incubation of eggs is carried out in daily cycles at a temperature of 36-38 ° C in combination with a 30-minute session of aeroionization per day. The daily cycle, including 4 periods, proceeds as follows: during the first period, eggs are incubated in the temperature range of 37.6-37.8 ° C. During the second period, the eggs are prepared for the aeroionization session by lowering the temperature to 36 ° C and holding in this temperature for at least 1 hour. After which the cycle goes into the third period, the beginning of which coincides with an increase in temperature to 38 ° C and the inclusion of an aeroionizer. The aeroionization session lasts 30 minutes with a concentration of aeroions of 10 ⁵ ion / cm ³ . At the end of the aeroionization session, the fourth period of the incubation cycle begins and the temperature drops to 36 ° C and is maintained for 1-1.5 hours. After 1-1.5 hours, the temperature is restored to 37.6-37.8 ° C and maintained for an astronomical day until the next cycle.

The essence of the method of stimulating embryonic development is to increase the intensity of metabolic processes, gas exchange, tissue respiration, the use of yolk nutrients, the level of hemoglobin in the blood of embryos due to the action of negative air ions.

An example implementation of the method: two batches of eggs of 90 pieces each were formed. The control batch was incubated according to generally accepted technology. In the experimental group, the eggs were incubated under the influence of an aeroionizer in sessions of 30 minutes per day and a concentration of aeroions of 10 ⁵ ion / cm ³ . At least 1 hour before the aeroionization session, the temperature in the incubator drops to 36 ° C. When the aeroionizer is turned on, the temperature rises to 38 ° C and is maintained for 30 minutes while the aeroionization session lasts. After 30 minutes, aeroionization stops, and the temperature drops to 36 ° C and is maintained for 1-1.5 hours, after which the temperature regime is restored to 37.6-37.8 ° C and maintained for an astronomical day until the next cycle .

Starting from the 8-day age of the embryos, the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood was determined. The dynamics of hemoglobin concentration in the control and experimental groups is presented in the table.

Table The amount of hemoglobin in the blood of the embryos, g / l day experience the control 8 46.82 ± 0.83 36.47 ± 1.25 *** 9 42.10 ± 3.08 36.23 ± 2.81 10 40.00 ± 2.29 44.92 ± 3.78 eleven 39.38 ± 1.40 44.23 ± 1.69 * 12 56.25 ± 2.97 62.49 ± 8.02 13 65.00 ± 2.57 55.39 ± 2.16 * fourteen 64.06 ± 3.87 65.79 ± 3.28 fifteen 73.75 ± 1.83 73.47 ± 1.89 16 88.33 ± 1.15 83.23 ± 0.92 ** 17 70.53 ± 2.64 66.67 ± 2.79 eighteen 111.76 ± 5.12 90.34 ± 1.59 ** 19 110.00 ± 3.99 85.27 ± 2.85 *** twenty 106.67 ± 2.31 84.80 ± 2.58 *** * - the difference is significant at P≥0.95 ** - the difference is significant at P≥0.99 *** - the difference is significant at P≥0,999

The results show that artificial aeroionization significantly increases the level of hemoglobin in the blood, especially at the final stage of embryogenesis.

Claims (1)

A method of incubating eggs of a farm bird with the influence of the temperature regime, characterized in that the incubated eggs are exposed to aeroionization in sessions of 30 minutes per day with a concentration of aeroions of 10 ⁵ ion / cm ³ , while at least 1 hour before the aeroionization session, the temperature in the incubator decreases to 36 ° C, while turning on the air ionizer, the temperature rises to 38 ° C and is maintained for 30 minutes, while the air ionization session lasts, after 30 minutes the air ionization stops, and the temperature drops to 36 ° C and is maintained within 1-1.5 hours, after which the temperature regime is restored to 37.6-37.8 ° C and maintained for an astronomical day until the next cycle.