RU2486072C1 - Gearbox pneumoelectric drive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automotive industry, particularly, to gearshift drives in mechanical stepped gearboxes. Proposed drive consists of pneumoelectric actuator. Pneumoelectric actuator comprises two three-position air cylinders for selection and shifting gears. Air cylinders are arranged as-crossed in one case and controlled by normally-closed electromagnetic air-operated valve. Cylinder rods are engaged with gearshift lever outside of working chambers. Lever top end is rigidly engaged with gearshift cylinder rod. Lever lower end is shaped to shank in sliding contact with one of gearbox rods. Gear selection cylinder of three-rod gearshift mechanism is equipped with controlled thrust for its rod. That thrust is composed of two-position air cylinder and engaged with gear selection cylinder to make axes of both cylinders parallel.

EFFECT: expanded operating cylinders.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the automotive industry, to gearshift drives in mechanical speed gearboxes of vehicles.

The known mechanism of automated gear shifting in a mechanical speed gearbox [RF patent for the invention No. 20155936]. The mechanism comprises a gear shift cylinder and cross gear selection cylinder located above the latter in a single housing. The cylinder rods are connected outside the working cavities with a gear shift lever having a swing axis coinciding with the axis of the gear shift cylinder. One end of the lever is made in the form of a shank with spherical working surfaces with the ability to connect with one of the gearbox rods, and the other is movably connected to the axis-rod of the gear selection cylinder. A gear rack is made on the rod of the gear selection cylinder, connected to the lever by means of a gear ring.

The known mechanism is a drive designed to control gear changes in boxes with a three-pin gear shift mechanism. The design of the drive does not allow its use in gearboxes with a large number of rods.

Also known is the electro-pneumatic gearbox control system [Technical Operation Manual SVIT.4141447.002RE. http://www.remkam.ru]. The system comprises a gear shift cylinder and cross gear selection cylinder located above the last one and made in one housing. The cylinder rods are connected outside the working cavities with the gear lever. The upper end of the lever is rigidly connected to the gearshift shaft with a possibility of swinging relative to the axis of the rod and is movably connected to the axis-rod of the gear selection cylinder by gearing with the possibility of fixed axis-rod stops according to a given program at the gearshift or neutral positions. The lower end of the lever is made in the form of a shank having the possibility of a sliding connection with one of the gearbox rods

The system is designed to provide remote gear shifting in gearboxes of vehicles with a KamAZ power unit. In all modifications of the mentioned gearboxes, a three-pin gear shift mechanism is used. Accordingly, the electro-pneumatic system under consideration ensures the inclusion of those gears for which the three-pin gear shifting mechanism is designed, namely: the neutral position and six fixed positions of the engaged gears — five gears for moving forward and one reverse gear. The driver shifts gears with the handle, moving it to the desired position. When the handle is set to the position corresponding to the selected gear, Hall sensors are triggered, from which the signal goes to the keys that control the electro-pneumatic valves according to a given algorithm. The valves supply air to the corresponding pneumatic cylinders, the selected gear is engaged.

The application of the above system is limited in that it can be used to control gear shifting only on gearboxes with a three-pin gear mechanism, and on boxes with a four-pin gear its application is impossible.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to improve the design of the electro-pneumatic gearshift drive, which allows to expand its functionality.

The technical result consists in increasing the range of gearboxes, including boxes with three- and four-piece gearshift mechanisms, and a corresponding increase in the total number of gearboxes on which the claimed device can be used.

The technical result is achieved by an electro-pneumatic gearbox containing an electro-pneumatic actuator. The actuator includes two three-position pneumatic cylinders for selecting and engaging gears made crosswise in one housing, controlled by normally closed electromagnetic pneumatic valves. The cylinder rods are connected outside the working cavities with the gear lever. The upper end of the lever is rigidly connected to the rod of the gearshift cylinder with the possibility of swinging relative to the axis of the rod and is movably connected to the axis of the rod of the gearshift cylinder by gearing with the possibility of fixed axis-rod stops according to a given program at the gearshift or neutral positions. The lower end of the lever is made in the form of a shank having the possibility of a sliding connection with one of the rods of the gearbox.

The new one is that the gear selection cylinder contained in the drive of the three-pin gearshift mechanism is equipped with a controlled stop for its axis-rod. The emphasis is made in the form of a two-position pneumatic cylinder and is connected to the gear selection cylinder so that the axes of both cylinders are parallel. The on-off pneumatic cylinder can be connected coaxially with the gear selection cylinder.

The drawings show the claimed electro-pneumatic drive.

Figure 1 - installation of controlled focus on the pneumatic cylinder gear selection.

Figure 2 is a prototype of the inventive drive.

The gear shift lever 1 is rigidly connected to the rod 2 of the gear shift cylinder and is movably connected to the axis-rod 3 of the gear selection cylinder 4 by gearing. The gear selection cylinder 4 is connected to a controlled stop 5. The stop 5 is made in the form of a two-position pneumatic cylinder with a piston 6, which can occupy positions I and II. In this example, the stop 5 is connected to the cylinder 4 coaxially.

The device operates as follows.

When selecting gears, the axis-rod 3 is shifted left or right by a predetermined amount. The rod 3 moves the electronic control unit, by commands from which the corresponding electro-pneumatic valves (not shown) are activated, which supply compressed air to the working cavities of the pneumatic cylinders. According to the movements of the axis-rod 3, the lever 1 is deflected by a certain angle and its lower end - the shank 7 occupies one of the positions - a, b, c or d.

For the interaction of the shank 7 with the rods of a three-rod gearshift mechanism, the lever 2 is deflected by the shaft axis 3 to one of three positions that correspond to the positions b, c or d of the shank 7. The shank 7 deviates to position b by moving the axis of the rod 3 to the right to the piston 6 in position I. The piston 6 comes to position I due to a command from the electronic control unit to open the corresponding electro-pneumatic valve and fill cavity A with compressed air. Thus, gear selection in a box with a three-piece gear shift mechanism.

In the case of installing the inventive electro-pneumatic drive on a gearbox with a four-pin gear mechanism, all movements of the drive elements occur similarly to the above gear selection process, which occurs in a box with a three-pin gear. For the interaction of the shank 7 with the fourth rod, it must be set to position a. In this case, the axis of the rod 3 is shifted to the right further due to the fact that compressed air is discharged from the cavity A and the piston 6 moves to the extreme right position II, without interfering with the displacement of the axis of the rod 3 to the right.

In the prototype (figure 2), the axis-rod 3 and, accordingly, the shank 7 of the lever 2 can occupy only three positions for interaction with the three rods of the gearshift mechanism - the middle and symmetrically two extreme.

Thus, due to the presence of a controlled stop 5, the inventive electro-pneumatic gearbox drive has acquired universal properties, can be used on gearboxes with three-rod and four-rod gear shifting mechanisms.

Prototypes of the device were tested in operation, as a result, the reliability and versatility of the drive was confirmed.

Claims (2)

1. Electro-pneumatic gearbox drive, consisting of an electro-pneumatic gearbox actuator, containing two three-position pneumatic cylinders for selecting and engaging gears made crosswise in one housing, controlled by normally closed electromagnetic pneumatic valves, cylinder rods connected outside the working cavities to the gear lever, with this upper end of the lever is rigidly connected to the rod of the cylinder gear with the possibility of swing relative to the axis of the rod and movably connected to the axis-rod of the gear selection cylinder by means of gearing with the possibility of fixed axis-rod stops according to a given program at the gear or neutral positions, and the lower end of the lever is made in the form of a shank having the possibility of a sliding connection with one of the gearbox rods, characterized the fact that the gear selection cylinder contained in the drive of the three-pin gear shifting mechanism is equipped with a controlled stop for its axis-rod, made in the form of a two-position pneumatic cylinder and connected to the gear selection cylinder so that the axes of both cylinders are parallel. 2. The electro-pneumatic drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the on-off pneumatic cylinder is connected to the gear selection cylinder coaxially.

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