RU2485415C2 - Heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: heating boiler comprises a casing with at least one door, nozzles of water supply and drain and a stack. Upper, lower, rear and side walls of the casing and also stack walls are made as hollow. Inner cavities of the above walls are made as capable of communication both between each other and with nozzles of water supply and drain. The stack is installed on the front part of the casing, closer to the door, at the same time the place of initial ignition of fuel is located near the base of the stack. A heat exchanger may be installed on the stack. The heating boiler may additionally be equipped with a fire bar. The heating boiler may additionally be equipped with an ashpit. The heating boiler casing may be made of metal.

EFFECT: reduced fuel consumption, higher efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water heating devices and can be used for heating low-rise buildings, individual houses, as well as various domestic and industrial facilities.

A well-known boiler according to copyright certificate No. 365533, containing a water-cooled firebox and chimney enclosed in a water jacket located in the furnace, while in order to increase the heating surface and increase the water pressure in the heating system, the chimney is enclosed in a water-cooled casing connected on water with a shirt, and the lower part of the casing is made in the form of a confuser.

Known hot water boiler according to patent No. 2133413, containing a chimney equipped with a water jacket with a water discharge pipe in the upper part of the shirt, a cold water supply pipe, a furnace with water-cooled upper, rear and two side sections located inside it, between which the upper group of heat-exchange elements are located at the exit of the flue gases and the lower group of heat-exchange elements, while the upper water-cooled section is made with a rise at an angle of 3-5 ° to the horizontal, and the upper group of heat-exchange elements and the supply pipe cold water are installed at an angle of 8-10 ° to the opposite walls of the side sections.

Known hot water boiler according to patent No. 2409793, containing a chimney equipped with a water jacket with a water outlet in the upper part of the shirt, a cold water supply pipe, a furnace with water-cooled upper, rear and two side sections located between it, between which the upper group of heat-exchange elements are located and the lower group of heat exchange elements with a grate, the upper water-cooled section is made with a rise at an angle of 3-5 ° to the horizontal, and the upper group of heat exchange elements is installed at an angle of 8-10 ° to opposite the walls of the side sections, the boiler additionally contains a lower water-cooled section, and the upper group of heat exchange elements consists of two heat exchange elements, each of which is made of pipes connected by plates and located one above the other, with the lower heat exchange element installed with a gap relative to the rear water-cooled section, and the upper heat-exchange element is installed with a gap with respect to the front wall. The boiler according to patent No. 2409793 can be taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of all the aforementioned boilers is the low productivity due to the rapid combustion of fuel.

Technical results achieved using the claimed invention:

- reduced fuel consumption, increased efficiency when used;

- increased productivity, that is, an increase in the duration of fuel combustion by more than 2 times;

- universality.

Technical results are achieved due to the fact that in a heating boiler containing a housing with at least one door, water inlet and outlet pipes and a chimney, the upper, lower, rear and side walls of the casing, as well as the walls of the chimney are hollow, while the internal cavities of the above walls are configured to communicate both with each other and with water inlet and outlet pipes, the chimney is located in the front of the housing, closer to the door, while the initial ignition of the fuel is located near the main Bani chimney.

A heat exchanger can be installed on the chimney.

The heating boiler can be additionally equipped with a grate.

The heating boiler can be additionally equipped with an ash pan.

The body of the heating boiler can be made of metal.

The cavity of the casing and the chimney in the claimed technical solution must be communicated to ensure the circulation of cold and hot water. The operation of the entire boiler is based on providing the possibility of burning only the final part of the fuel. The final part refers to the junction of the whole fuel - burnt fuel. Thus, the combustion of fuel begins in the zone of the beginning of combustion, in the place of the initial ignition of the fuel near the base of the chimney, and then combustion continues only at the junction of the whole fuel - burned fuel, that is, only the end of the fuel burns. This allows you to significantly save fuel and increase the duration of combustion by more than 2 times, which means to increase the efficiency of using the inventive boiler. Thus, the burning time of the same volume of fuel in the inventive boiler increases, and during this time a larger volume of water manages to heat up. To ensure the possibility of such combustion, the chimney is located in front of the housing, closer to the door. Due to this arrangement of the pipe, the onset of combustion occurs in the draft zone from the door to the chimney, that is, firewood is burned near the door. Since air is limited to the door by the door, oxygen will burn in the draft zone until the fuel between the door and the chimney has completely burned out. After this, only the end of the fuel will continue to burn, since the chimney is located behind the combustion zone, and the flame will advance toward the rear wall of the boiler as it burns.

The inventive boiler can be additionally equipped with a heat exchanger located on the chimney. Such a heat exchanger is installed on the chimney with the formation of an annular cavity, if the chimney is round, or cavities of a different shape, depending on the shape of the pipe. The heat exchanger is also equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging water, and the nozzles for supplying and discharging water communicate with a cavity formed inside the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger allows, if necessary, to provide additional heating of the water for hot water supply. It is advisable to weld the heat exchanger to the chimney and boiler body to improve heat transfer.

The inventive boiler can operate on coal. For this, the boiler body must be additionally equipped with a grate installed in the bottom of the boiler and an ash pan. The ash pan can be made of metal or brick.

The boiler body is expediently made of metal, since metals have a high melting point and high thermal conductivity.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the inventive heating boiler.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the inventive heating boiler.

Figure 3 shows a cross section of the inventive heating boiler.

According to the drawings, the inventive heating boiler consists of a housing (1) with cavities inside the walls (2), a pipe for supplying cold water (4) located in the lower part of the housing (1), and a chimney (3) also with cavities inside the walls (2 ) The chimney (2) is located in the front of the housing (1) closer to the door (6), while the initial ignition of the fuel is located near the base of the chimney. In the upper part of the chimney (3) there is a pipe for draining hot water (5). On the front wall of the housing (1) there is an outside door (6) intended for laying firewood.

Firewood of any wood species, as well as coal or any other type of fuel, can be used as fuel for the inventive boiler. The size of the boiler itself can also be different depending on the volume of the room, the required temperature, thermal insulation of the room, the required duration of fuel combustion with a one-time tab and the desire of the consumer.

Water in the cavity (2) of the boiler body (1) and the chimney (3) is supplied through the water supply pipe (4). Firewood is laid in the furnace as densely as possible and set on fire. The door (6) does not close tightly, providing air access to the combustion site. The chimney (3) is located in the front of the boiler, so combustion occurs in the draft zone from the upper door (6) to the chimney (3). Since air access to the furnace is limited by the door (6), oxygen burns in the draft zone until the firewood located between the door (6) and the chimney (3) burns out completely. After this, only the ends of the firewood will continue to burn, since the chimney is located behind the combustion zone. Thus, as the firewood burns, the flame will advance to the rear wall of the boiler. Water heated in the cavities of the boiler body (1) and the chimney (3) will rise up to the water outlet pipe (5) connected to the heating system.

The claimed technical solution eliminates all the disadvantages that are available in analogues, and, in addition, is simple to manufacture.

Claims (5)

1. A heating boiler comprising a housing with at least one door, water inlet and outlet pipes and a chimney, upper, lower, rear and side walls of the housing, as well as the walls of the chimney are hollow, while the internal cavities of the above walls are made with the possibility of communication both with each other and with water inlet and outlet pipes, characterized in that the chimney is located in the front of the housing, closer to the door, while the initial ignition of fuel is located near the base of the chimney. 2. The heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat exchanger is installed on the chimney. 3. The heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a grate. 4. The heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an ash pan. 5. The heating boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is made of metal.

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