RU2484835C2 - Method of growth and livability increase in piglets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science and animal husbandry. The method comprises intramuscular administration of thymosin in a dose of 0.16 mg per a 1- to 30-day-old piglet 2 times a week, 0.8 mg per a 31- to 90-day old age piglet once a week, 1.6 mg per a 91- to 210-days old piglet once a week.

EFFECT: method enables improving the livability of young animals and increasing body weight by the age of meat production.

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Description

The invention is intended for use in pig farming.

Known means to increase the growth and safety of young animals (see RU No. 2111756, IPC ⁶ A61K 35/55, A61K 38/05, publ. 05/27/98. Bull. No. 22-2002; RU No. 2104705, IPC ⁶ A61K 35/74 , publ. 02/20/98. Bull. No. 10-2004), where tissue biostimulants are used - tissue suspensions and dry tissue preparations.

The disadvantage of these first-generation thymus preparations is that they are an undivided mixture of biologically active peptides and are difficult to standardize.

The invention consists in a method of receiving a synthetic hormone thymus - thymosin-αl as a means of increasing and preserving piglets.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of methods for increasing the growth and preservation of piglets.

The technical result of the use of the invention are: increased safety and increased growth in live weight of piglets by the age of sale for meat.

The goal is achieved by the administration of thymosin-αl intramuscularly to the piglets. The proposed drug is harmless to warm-blooded animals and does not have allergenic, teratogenic, toxic and mutagenic effects. Its application according to a certain scheme allows to increase the gain in live weight by 7-17% and increase the safety of piglets by 5-13%.

Thymosin-αl - a synthetic acetylated polypeptide consisting of 28 amino acids - activates the process of differentiation of T-lymphocytes, promotes their maturation, has an effect on cellular and humoral immunity and nonspecific resistance of the body. Thymosin-αl approved for use LS-002023 from 12.10.2007.

It is believed that cellular immunity is associated with the formation of specialized cells that react with the antigen through its binding and subsequent destruction. The immune response is mediated by cytotoxic cells - T-lymphocytes and T-helpers. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes directly contact with foreign cells and destroy them, and T-helpers produce biologically active substances - cytotoxins that activate macrophages. T-helpers produce interferon-γ and interleukin-2, stimulate macrophages, interleukins-4, -5, -6, stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of B-lymphocytes and antibodies of different classes.

The immunomodulatory effect of thymus peptides is expressed in an adequate change in the functional state of the cells of the T-system of immunity. With the introduction of thymic polypeptides, the balance of T-lymphocyte subpopulations and their functional activity is restored. At the same time, decreased indicators increase, hyperactive processes among individual subpopulations of T-lymphocytes return to values close to the normal level.

All thymic factors are low molecular weight peptides. Within the thymus, the thymic humoral factor and thymostimulin containing several active fractions are active; under the control of these peptides, thymocytes are divided into subunits of the helper and suppressor types.

Thymosin and its variants α- and β-peptides, as well as thymopoietins I and II, act in the early stages of differentiation of pretimocytes. The function of the α-peptide extends to the later stages of differentiation of pre-T cells. The highest concentration of thymosin-αl is in the thymus, but its presence is found in circulating blood, spleen, lungs, brain, kidneys, and a number of other tissues (3).

About 20 drugs are produced in the world, obtained from the thymus gland of animals or their synthetic analogues. The first-generation drugs include Timalin, Timoptin, Timaktid, Timostimulin, Velosen, Taktivin, Timomodulin, Timurovak, usually a complex of peptides extracted from the thymus of animals, often cattle. First-generation drugs are an undivided mixture of biologically active peptides and are difficult to standardize. Preparations of the 2nd and 3rd generations are synthetic analogues of the natural hormones thymus thymosin-αl and thymopoietin or fragments of these hormones with biological activity: Timosin alpha, Neotim, Ribotan, Neoferon, Mega ratim, Vilosen, Timogen, Zadaxin, Timalfazin, Immunofan, TR-5, Bestim.

The growth and preservation of piglets when using thymosin-αl are shown in tables 1 and 2.

The experiment was conducted on pigs of large white breed (KBP), Duroc and Yorkshire. Six groups of 30 heads of analogous piglets were formed: group I - KBP control, II - durok control, III - Yorkshire control, IV - KBP experience, VI - duroc experience, VII - Yorkshire experience. Thymosin-αl was administered to experimental animals at a dose of 0.16 mg per piglet from daily to 30 days of their life 2 times a week; from 31 to 90 days of the animal's life, thymosin-αl was administered 0.8 mg per head intramuscularly once a week; From 91 to 210 days of pig life, thymosin-αl was administered 1.6 mg per head once a week.

In piglets treated with thymosin-αl, live weight in different age periods of life exceeded the control by 9-17%, and the waste of treated piglets decreased by 13%. The average daily weight gain on 210 days of life in the control groups was 631 ± 13.2 g in pigs of KBP, 674 ± 13.2 g in Duroc pigs, 715 ± 14.5 g in Yorkshire, and in the experimental groups this indicator was higher by 16.98; 16.17; 6.78% relative to that in the control. Animals of the control group of KBP gained 100 kg body weight in 192 days; Duroc - 194; Yorkshire - 199.1 days, experienced for 187.5 respectively; 189; 193.7 days. The growth rate of pigs in the experimental groups decreased in CBP by 4.59 days, Duroc - 4.91 days, Yorkshire - 5.41 days.

Growth dynamics of pigs of different breeds with thymosin-αl

Table 1 Indicators Group of animals the control experience KBP duroc Yorkshire KBP duroc Yorkshire 1 day Live weight kg 1.28 ± 0.11 1.27 ± 0.14 1.23 ± 0.12 1.26 ± 0.12 1.24 ± 0.14 1.22 ± 0.12 The average daily gain, g - - - - - - 5 days Live weight kg 1.72 ± 0.11 1.68 ± 0.10 1.57 ± 0.08 1.84 ± 0.12 * 1.79 ± 0.11 * 1.73 ± 0.12 * The average daily gain, g 110 ± 0.61 102 ± 0.25 85 ± 0.34 145 ± 0.35 *** 137 ± 0.41 *** 128 ± 0.52 *** 10 days Live weight kg 2.44 ± 0.12 2.38 ± 0.11 2.28 ± 0.14 2.69 ± 0.14 ** 2.58 ± 0.14 ** 2.46 ± 0.18 ** The average daily gain, g 144 ± 1.31 140 ± 1.56 142 ± 1.32 171 ± 1.24 *** 158 ± 1.17 *** 146 ± 1.42 *** 20 days Live weight kg 4.10 ± 0.12 3.79 ± 0.14 3.25 ± 0.20 4.51 ± 0.15 * 4.24 ± 0.17 * 4.17 ± 0.14 *** The average daily gain, g 166 ± 4.2 141 ± 4.1 97 ± 4.8 182 ± 4.3 * 166 ± 5.2 ** 171 ± 5.4 ** 30 days Live weight kg 8.72 ± 0.18 8.58 ± 0.16 8.36 ± 0.22 9.31 ± 0.23 * 9.11 ± 0.21 * 8.96 ± 0.16 * The average daily gain, g 462 ± 5,2 479 ± 5,3 511 ± 5.1 480 ± 4.7 487 ± 4,5 478 ± 4.9 60 days

60 days Live weight kg 19.07 ± 0.21 18.86 ± 0.23 18.52 ± 0.20 19.79 ± 0.22 ** 19.48 ± 0.21 * 19.16 ± 0.24 * The average daily gain, g 345 ± 5,4 342 ± 5.7 337 ± 5.4 349 ± 5.1 346 ± 5.2 340 ± 5.5 90 days Live weight kg 31.74 ± 0.28 31.41 ± 0.32 29.5 ± 0.35 32.56 ± 0.31 * 32.24 ± 0.25 * 30.45 ± 0.30 * The average daily gain, g 422 ± 8.4 418 ± 8.2 366 ± 7.7 426 ± 6.1 425 ± 7, b 376 ± 8.3 120 days Live weight kg 47.92 ± 0.38 47.66 ± 0.42 45.13 ± 0.48 49.24 ± 0.33 ** 48.80 ± 0.34 * 46.61 ± 0.31 ** The average daily gain, g 539 ± 8.8 542 ± 8.3 521 ± 8.2 556 ± 7.5 ** 552 ± 9.4 * 539 ± 9.3 * 180 days Live weight kg 91.21 ± 0.71 90.03 ± 0.65 86.73 ± 0.56 94.35 ± 0.88 ** 93.28 ± 0.81 *** 90.21 ± 0.69 *** The average daily gain, g 727 ± 13.2 706 ± 12.8 693 ± 12.7 752 ± 12.2 ** 741 ± 15.3 ** 727 ± 14.2 ** 210 days Live weight kg 110.14 ± 1.08 110.24 ± 1.16 108.18 ± 1.21 117.15 ± 1.32 *** 116.77 ± 1.28 *** 113.23 ± 1.12 ** The average daily gain, g 631 ± 13.2 674 ± 13.2 715 ± 14.5 760 ± 12.6 * 783 ± 12.2 ** 767 ± 14.2 ** Precocity, days 192.09 194 199.14 187.5 189.09 193.73 Note: * - p <0.05; ** - p <0.01; *** - p <0.001 - relative to control animals.

The safety of piglets during fattening in the control and experimental groups

Information sources

1. RU No. 2111756, IPC ⁶ A61K 35/55, A61K 38/05, publ. 05/27/98, Bull. No. 22-2002.

2. RU No. 2104705, IPC ⁶ A61K 35/74, publ. 02/20/98, Bull. No. 10-2004.

3. Belovol, A.N., Knyazkova, I.I. Clinical Pharmacology of Immunomodulators / Newspaper “Zdorovya Ukraini”, medical newspaper, 24/1, December 2008, pp. 39-42.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the growth and preservation of piglets, including the introduction of an immunostimulant, characterized in that thymosin-α1 is administered intramuscularly as an immunostimulant at a dose of 0.16 mg per piglet from 1 to 30 days of age 2 times a week; from 31 to 90 days of age - 0.8 mg per head once a week; from 91 to 210 days of age, 1.6 mg per head once a week.