RU2483526C2 - Axial rotor threshing-separating device of combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. The axial rotor threshing-separating device of the combine harvester comprises mechanically connected a lead, a deck and a rotor. The deck consists of a threshing and a separating parts. In the separating part of the deck on its inner surface there are three or more wedge-shaped elements. Availability of wedge-shaped elements provides for an alternating gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck.

EFFECT: invention promotes additional mixing and tillage of a heap and increases efficiency of separation.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to methods of operation of axial-rotary threshing and separating devices of combine harvesters.

A known method of operation of the axial-rotor threshing-separating group of mechanisms of combine harvesters using a deck located with an eccentricity relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor, which consists in feeding the spike mass into the gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck and separating a thin heap through the holes in the separating deck surfaces; in this case, the deck in relation to the combine is motionless (combines produced by the company "John Deere" STS series, OJSC "Rostselmash" and others [1-11]).

The disadvantages of this method are the incomplete use of the separating surface of the deck, since with a stationary deck it is impossible to separate along the upper part of the cylinder, since this leads to clogging of the zone between the deck and the frame of the threshing and separating device (LSU), which eliminates, in turn, separation in top of the deck, and also increases the risk of fire.

As a prototype, the authors chose the method and device for the operation of the axial-rotary threshing-separating group of mechanisms implemented in combine harvesters manufactured by John Deere STS series [1], as the closest in technical essence. The disadvantages of the prototype indicated above.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of thin heaps and the performance of the combine as a whole.

This goal is achieved by introducing into the technological process of threshing-separation a new technological operation “additional mixing and fluffing of a thin heap”, which is realized by changing the deck design by introducing a variable gap between the inner surface of the deck and the outer surface of the rotor.

Figure 1 shows the sequence of technological operations of the existing method of operation of the threshing-separating group of mechanisms of the combine harvester, which includes the following operations: 1 - threshing in the gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck; 2 - selection of a thin heap through the holes of the deck; 3 - separation, with partial mixing and fluffing, of a small heap in the separating part of the LSG; 4 - removal of the separated mass from the LSG.

The inventive method of operation of the axial-rotor MSU is based on increasing the efficiency of the separation operation, which results in an increase in the productivity of the combine as a whole. Figure 2 shows the sequence of technological operations of the proposed method: 1 - threshing in the gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck; 2 - selection of a thin heap through the holes of the deck; 3 - separation of thin heaps in the separating part of the LSG; 4 - removal of the separated mass from the LSG; 5 - additional mixing and fluffing of a thin heap. From a comparison of figure 1 and figure 2 it follows that the proposed method of operation of the threshing-separating group differs from the well-known introduction of operation 5 "additional mixing and fluffing" between operations 3 and 4.

The proposed method allows, due to the introduction of step 5 of additional mixing and fluffing of a thin heap by creating a variable gap between the working surfaces of the deck and the rotor, to increase the efficiency of the threshing process, reduce the mechanical load on the threshing and separation group and fuel consumption and, as a result, increase the performance of the combine generally.

The design of the axial-rotary threshing-separating device for implementing the proposed method is shown in figure 3, which shows the following notation: 6 - the direction of movement of the threshed product (spike); 7 - lead-in; 8 - rotor; 9 - front (threshing) part (section) of the deck; 10 - back (separating) part (section) of the deck; 11 - space with a variable gap, divided into three (or more) zones with a variable gap each; 12 - direction of rotation of the deck; 13 - axis of rotation of the rotor; 14 - the direction of rotation of the rotor, while the inlet part 7, rotor 8, threshing 9 and separating 10 parts of the deck are mechanically connected.

Figure 4 shows the design of the deck with three zones with variable gaps between the rotor and deck: 10 - deck; 8 - rotor; 15 - pinch points of the grain mass; 11 - zones (space 11 in figure 3) with variable gaps between the rotor and deck, each of the zones is provided with a variable width and a wedge-shaped arc-shaped gap, and the gaps are formed by wedge-shaped elements made arcuate with a smoothly varying thickness within each of three or more zones of space between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck and located on the inner surface of the separating part of the deck, and the maximum thickness of the wedge-shaped element is limited by the distance m along the radius between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck.

The proposed axial-rotary threshing-separating device operates as follows (see figure 3). The threshed product 6 enters the inlet part 7 of the threshing and separating device and then into the zone between the rotor 8 and the front 9 section of the deck, where the preliminary threshing takes place, and the separation process begins (separation of a thin heap). The grain mass (hereinafter referred to as the product) moves to the separation zone 10, in which the main allocation of thin heap for cleaning takes place. To facilitate the separation process in zone 11, the rotor 8 together with the deck 9, 10 forms three pinches 15 due to the wedge-shaped elements made on the inner surface of the deck 10 (see figure 4); the non-uniformity of the gap between the deck and the rotor, leading to jamming of the processed product in three (or more) places of the working surface together with the rotation of the deck (for example, in the direction 12) allows additional fluffing of a thin heap and facilitates the selection of grain from the processed mass. In this case, the direction of rotation of the separating part 10 of the deck does not play a role. In turn, the threshing part 9 of the deck can remain stationary or rotate in an arbitrary direction. As a result of this, and due to a change in the density of layers of the separated product (periodic pinching in the zone of the wedge-shaped element and expansion immediately after it), the grain mass is additionally fluffed and mixed: heavier fragments of the mass of the threshed product are moved to a zone closer to the maximum inner diameter of the deck, which in turn, enhances the separation ability of the rear deck section and, thus, increases the productivity of the threshing and separation device and reduces the stroke fuel per unit weight of the processed product.

The above-described method of operation of the axial-rotary threshing-separating group of mechanisms of the combine harvester and the device for its implementation allow to achieve the objectives of the invention, namely: to increase the efficiency of separation of thin heaps, the performance of the combine as a whole and improve its consumer qualities.

Literature

1. All-New 60 Series Combines. - Prospectus of John Deer. - Website www.John Deer.com.

2. Combine harvester self-propelled RSM-181 "Torum-740". Instructions for use and maintenance of RSM-181 IE. - Rostov-on-Don: LLC "KZ" RSM ", 2008.

3. Patent RU 2340155. - Prior. 12/10/2008.

4. Application RU 2007113763. - Prior. 10/27/2008.

5. Patent RU 2245612. - Prior. 02/10/2005.

6. Patent RU 2340159. - Prior. 12/10/2008.

7. Patent RU 2270554. - Prior. 02/27/2006.

8. Patent RU 2324328. - Prior. 05/20/2008.

9. Application RU 98118366. - Prior. 08/27/2000.

10. Patent RU 2278499. - Prior. 06/27/2006.

11. Patent RU 2147169. - Prior. 04/10/2000.

Claims (3)

1. Axial-rotary threshing and separating device of the combine harvester, containing mechanically connected inlet part, rotor, threshing and separating parts of the deck, characterized in that three or more wedge-shaped elements are introduced into the space between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck in the separating part of the deck mounted on the inner surface of the deck and providing a variable gap between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck for additional mixing and suturing heap. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedge-shaped elements are made arcuate with a smoothly varying thickness within each of three or more zones of space between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum thickness of the wedge-shaped element is limited by the radius along the radius between the outer surface of the rotor and the inner surface of the deck.

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