RU2482053C2 - Tower crane with elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, particularly, to handling machinery. Proposed crane consists of tower with guides, boom with front-end tool and control cabin. Cabin 4 is mounted to slide in guides along crane tower 1. Said cabin is engaged and disengaged by crane operator with the help of rotary locks arranged at cabin roof with no involvement of hooker. Said cabin may be set at whatever preset level corresponding to the height of erection works. Note here that said height can be varied in process without leaving the cabin. Cabin power supply, control and communication are executed via flexible cable 6. Crane cabin is equipped with safety devices used in passenger elevators and may be used for emergency evacuation of crane operator.

EFFECT: simplified design.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction industry, in particular to hoisting machines, and can be used in industrial, hydraulic and civil engineering.

Tower crane - a slewing crane with an arrow fixed in the upper part of a vertically located tower; its main purpose is to carry out construction, installation and loading and unloading operations at construction sites.

Under conditions of high-rise construction, lifting a crane operator into a cabin of a tower crane located at a height of several tens of floors along a steel ladder without the ability to relax and rest is a rather laborious process, after which the crane operator will not be able to fully work for some time.

Such a rise not only takes a long time, but, in the case of precipitation, can be unsafe, which led to the development of designs of elevator passenger lifts for tower cranes.

Such devices in the form of a passenger elevator crane moving along the tower structures are presented in patent NL 1017257 (C2) dated 02.08.2002, В66С 13/54, В66С 23/18, as well as in the construction of crane lifts, for example, KB-504 and KB-576 described on the website http://stroy-technics.ru/article/podemniki-dlya-mashinista.

The use of a large number of additional equipment for the device, which is used only a few times per shift, did not seem justified, which caused the use of the existing crane control cabin as an elevator car. Such designs are described in patents US 3080981 (A) dated 12.03.1963, B66C 13/54 and EP 0803466 (A1) dated 10.29.1997, B66C 23/18, E06C 7/12, E06C 7 / 18D, USSR copyright certificates SU 1539163 A1 from 01.30.1990, B66C 23/26, B66C 1/54 and SU 1768496 A1 from 10.15.1992, B66C 23/00. But in these devices, for raising and lowering the cab, an additional engine room is needed, similar to that used for passenger elevators, as well as a cable system, which is complicated taking into account the need to change the height of the crane tower.

The aim of the present invention is to develop a passenger elevator with maximum use of existing crane equipment to simplify its design.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the main lifting mechanism of the tower crane is involved as the drive of the crane control cabin, used as an elevator.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention are the designs presented in the USSR author's certificate SU 1121229 A1 from 10.30.1984, B66C 23/00, B66C 23/16 and in patent DE 3337163 (A1) from 04.25.1985, B66C 13/54 , В66С 23/26, but in the latter, the cabin is lifted by a crane not along the guides, but as a load, and only then joins the tower at a given height, which does not allow transporting people in it.

The invention is illustrated using figures 1-3. The tower crane of the present construction comprises a tower 1 with longitudinal guides fixed on one of its outer sides, in the upper part of which an arrow 2 with a load-gripping member 3 is fixed, and a crane control cabin 4 with a door and windows 5 for all-round viewing. The cabin 4 is installed with the possibility of moving along the longitudinal guides along the tower 1 of the crane and can be located on its front side or on one of the side. Structurally, the crane tower is made sectional, which allows you to assemble a crane with different heights, and the inventive design of the elevator lift does not interfere with increasing the height of the tower both above and below.

The tower crane of the described design works as follows: at the beginning of the shift, the driver takes a place at the crane control panel in the cabin, which is in the initial extreme lower position on the shock absorber (Fig. 1). Here he carries out all routine work carried out before starting work, such as testing the crane mechanisms idle, checking the health of the load limiter by lifting control loads.

After that, he lowers the load-gripping body 3 and, with the help of a slinger, hooks onto the bracket 10 a spreader made in accordance with GOST 23002-87 specifically for raising and lowering the crane cabin. The specified spreader is a hinged device for automatically capturing the cabin in the form of a rectangular or square (in the form of a cabin roof) steel frame 7 (Fig. 3) with rectangular slots 8 for rotary T-shaped locks located on the roof of the cabin. The transfer of the rotary locks from the spreader, where they are usually located, to the cab is due to the need to release the crane hook from the electrical circuits; in this case, the power supply to the spreader is not required.

The spreader is hooked and uncoupled to the cab by the driver from the crane cab by turning the locks located on its roof without engaging the slinger. The spreader design provides reliable and quick insertion of rotary locks into angular rectangular slots. The locks enter the slots 8 of the spreader and, after turning through 90 °, provide a reliable connection between the spreader and the cab. The control of the actuators of the gripping device is carried out visually using mirrors similar to car rear-view mirrors mounted on the upper corners of the cab.

To ensure an accurate landing on the cab, the spreader is equipped with centering paws 9 mounted on the metal structure of the gripper frame, which guide the spreader onto the cab when it is angularly deflected.

After the cab is engaged by the spreader, the crane operator moves the cab along the rails up to the height necessary for effective crane control. When the crane is operating, the cab can be installed at any predetermined level corresponding to the height of construction and installation works, and this height can be changed during the course of work without requiring the crane operator to leave the cab. In Fig.2, the cabin is shown in the upper position. After rising to a predetermined height, the cabin is fixed to the tower structures, and only after that the locks of the cabin gripping device are unhooked from the spreader, the blocking does not allow to violate this order. After completion of the operations of raising and lowering the cab, the spreader is lowered and laid in a horizontal position on the supports. Lowering the cab after the shift is performed in the reverse order.

The power supply of the cabin, as well as the supply of lines of control and communication systems is carried out by means of a flexible cable 6. As can be seen in figure 2, the length of cable 6 allows you to increase the height of the tower almost twice, with a further increase in the height of the crane, the cable length increases due to the extension cord with connectors having devices fixing, for example, with a threaded tightening.

Simplicity of design and the absence of complex mechanisms ensure the reliability of equipment operation. The crane cabin is equipped with all the safety devices used in passenger elevators. Even in the event of a power outage, it is possible to lower the cab using a mechanical brake, and the emergency brake will not allow to exceed the maximum permissible rate of descent of the cab, which makes it possible to use it as a device for evacuating a crane operator, which, according to the rules of the device and safe operation of PB 10 cranes -382-00, must be equipped with a crane.

Raising the crane operator in the cabin with a crane to a predetermined height reduces its fatigue, reduces the downtime of the crane, increases its reliability by simplifying the design.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of a tower crane.

The specified technical result is achieved by simplifying the design of the tower crane due to the use of its main lifting mechanism as the drive of the passenger elevator cabin, which is the crane control cabin.

A way to increase labor productivity is that raising the crane operator in the cabin with a crane to a predetermined height reduces its fatigue, reduces the crane downtime.

New significant features of the claimed invention are:

- improving labor safety by eliminating the need to lift the crane operator into the cabin along the steel ladder;

- improving the reliability of the tower crane by simplifying its design due to the use of existing equipment for the elevator passenger lift;

- increase in labor productivity due to the fact that raising the crane operator in the cabin by a crane to a predetermined height reduces its fatigue, reduces the downtime of the crane;

- using the specified design of the elevator car cabin as a device for emergency evacuation of the crane operator;

- placement of the cabin at any level necessary for the effective control of the crane, corresponding to the height of the construction and installation work.

These new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable, has novelty, for a specialist it is not obvious from the prior art.

Claims (1)

A tower crane with a passenger elevator, consisting of a tower with longitudinal guides mounted on it, an arrow with a load-gripping body and a control cabin mounted to move along the longitudinal guides along the tower, characterized in that it contains the main lifting mechanism of a tower crane with a load-gripping body for use as a drive of the crane control cabin used as an elevator car, a spreader engaged by the load-gripping body, gearing and unhitching of the cabin, which The crane’s lifting or lowering is carried out by the operator from the cabin without involving the slinger by the spreader rotary locks located on its roof, with the possibility of fixing the cabin to the tower at any level corresponding to the height of construction and installation works, and this height can be changed during the course of work without requiring crane operator exit the cab; it contains a flexible cable for powering the cabin and for supplying lines of control and communication systems, with the possibility of increasing its length; the crane cabin is equipped with security systems used in passenger elevators, with the possibility of using it as an emergency evacuation device for the crane operator.

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