RU2481430C1 - Method to manufacture sleeper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method to manufacture a sleeper includes preparation of a billet, formation of the sleeper and making holes for fastening elements of supports for rail fixation. Plates that the billet is made of represent thin sheets of wood veneer. The billet is prepared by means of impregnation of thin sheets of wood veneer with a water resistant antiseptic impregnating agent for the entire thickness. Further veneer sheets are adhered to each other. The billet is produced in the form of a mechanically strong plate. The sleeper is formed after application of the additional glue layer onto the surface of the mechanically strong plate from wood veneer by means of rolling of this plate into a roll along the entire length. The roll is pressed. The additional layer of glue is applied onto the surface of each mechanically strong plate. The sleeper is formed by rolling into a roll and further pressing simultaneously all mechanically strong plates.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of a technological process of sleeper manufacturing and higher reliability of rail fixation to sleepers.

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used in the manufacture of sleepers for railway and electric vehicles.

A known method of manufacturing sleepers according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2052008, IPC EV 3/02, 01/10/1996, including the preparation of bars, the formation of sleepers from the bars, fastening the bars, making holes for the screws for fastening the rails, while instead of the bars use blanks obtained by sawing flat pressing plates obtained from wood waste and a binder, the workpieces have a length and width equal to the length and width of the sleepers, the workpieces are fastened together using glue under pressure.

The disadvantage of this method is the low productivity of the process, due to the large number of technological operations.

The closest analogue is a method of manufacturing sleepers, the design of which is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 104940, IPC EV 3/02, 05/27/2011. According to the technological process for the manufacture of sleepers, at first a thin sheet of wood veneer with pre-marked holes for the fasteners of the rail supports is impregnated to the entire thickness with a waterproof antiseptic impregnation based on coal oil. Then, in compliance with the coincidence of the holes for the fasteners, gluing of thin thin veneer sheets impregnated with Intercoll L 1421 glue into a mechanically strong plate is carried out. Next, mark the places of coagulation into a roll of a mechanically strong plate of wood veneer. After that, an additional layer of Intercoll L 1421 glue is applied to the surface of the wood veneer plate and the mechanical strength plate is rolled up over the entire length in accordance with the length of the sleepers and in accordance with the originally prepared recesses in the veneer to produce a roll, in the shape of the corresponding configuration of the sleepers. Then, a roll rolled from a single mechanically strong plate is placed under a press and pressed for 120 minutes, during which the impregnated layers of the mechanically strong plate are glued together along the entire thickness of the roll. After gluing, the roll is taken out from under the press with ready-made holes for fasteners, getting a finished sleeper.

The disadvantages of the known technology:

1. Low productivity of the process due to the fact that a single plate of wood veneer rotates for a long time around its longitudinal axis to obtain a roll thickness sufficient to be used as a railway sleepers.

2. Insufficient accuracy of coincidence of the holes pre-marked and made in the veneer sheets for rail fasteners, resulting in large gaps between the walls of the holes and the fasteners, which reduces the reliability of fastening the rails to the sleepers.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of the technological process for the manufacture of sleepers and increase the reliability of fastening rails to sleepers.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing the sleepers, including preparing the workpiece, forming the sleepers and making holes for the fasteners of the supports for fastening the rails, thin sheets of wood veneer are used as the plates of the workpiece, preparation of the workpiece is carried out by impregnation waterproof antiseptic impregnation of thin sheets of wood veneer to the entire thickness and further bonding of thin sheets of wood veneer, while obtaining a workpiece in the form of mechanically rock plate, the formation of sleepers is carried out after applying an additional layer of glue to the surface of a mechanically strong plate of wood veneer by rolling this plate along the entire length into a roll, in the form of the corresponding configuration of the sleepers, and then pressing the roll, according to the invention, the formation of sleepers is carried out from at least two blanks, which use at least two mechanically strong plates, an additional layer of glue is applied to the surface of each mechanically strong plate plates, and the formation of sleepers is carried out by rolling into a roll and subsequent pressing simultaneously all mechanically strong plates, while receiving the sleepers in the form of a roll-beam.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the sleepers made according to the proposed method for the manufacture of sleepers; figure 2 presents a cross section (section aa in figure 1).

The numbers in the drawings indicate:

1 - the first mechanically strong plate, consisting of plates glued together - thin sheets of wood veneer with water-resistant antiseptic impregnation, 2 - the second mechanically strong plate, consisting of glued plates - thin sheets of wood veneer with water-resistant antiseptic impregnation, 3 - an additional layer of glue, 4 - holes for fasteners of supports for fastening rails.

The body of the sleepers is made in the form of a roll-beam made of a multilayer material, in which the wood base is made in the form of mechanically strong sheets of wood veneer glued together by the first 1 and second 2 of wood veneer sheets with water-resistant antiseptic impregnation based on coal oil, and a gluing composition 3. Sleepers has 4 holes for mounting elements of supports for mounting rails. The design of the sleepers has high strength characteristics for torsion, bending and compression, which allows to increase the service life of sleepers.

The method is implemented as follows.

A method of manufacturing sleepers includes the preparation of blanks, the formation of sleepers from blanks, making holes for fasteners of supports for mounting rails.

The difference between the proposed method for the manufacture of sleepers from the prototype is that the formation of sleepers is carried out from at least two blanks. At least two mechanically strong plates are used as blanks for the formation of sleepers (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, mechanically strong plates 1 and 2), on the surface of which an additional layer of glue 3 is applied.

As the plates that make up the mechanically strong plates 1 and 2, thin sheets of wood veneer glued together, impregnated with water-resistant antiseptic impregnation, having a length equal to the length of the sleepers, are used.

The preparation of each preform is carried out by impregnating thin sheets of wood veneer to the entire thickness with a waterproof antiseptic impregnation and further gluing the thin sheets of wood veneer, thereby obtaining the preform in the form of a mechanically strong plate of wood veneer.

The formation of sleepers from blanks is carried out after applying an additional layer of glue 3 to the surface of mechanically strong plates 1 and 2, by rolling these plates along the entire length into a roll, in the shape of the corresponding configuration of the sleepers, and then pressing all mechanically strong plates simultaneously (in Fig. 1 and figure 2 - mechanically strong plates 1 and 2), while receiving the sleepers in the form of a roll beam.

The holes for the fasteners of the supports for fastening the rails are carried out after receiving the roll beam.

Concrete example

In thin sheets of wood veneer, holes for fastening elements of supports for fastening rails are not marked in advance.

Veneer sheets are impregnated to the full thickness with a waterproof antiseptic impregnation based on coal oil. Then, gluing with adhesive Intercoll L 1421 (manufacturer Wakol) of the impregnated veneer sheets into mechanically strong plates 1 and 2 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is performed. After that, an additional layer 3 of Intercoll L 1421 glue is applied to the surface of the mechanically strong plates 1 and 2. Then, the mechanically strong plates 1 and 2 are simultaneously rolled up over the entire length into a roll. Further, a roll rolled from mechanically strong plates 1 and 2 is placed under the press for 120 minutes, during which time the impregnated layers of mechanically strong plates 1 and 2 are glued together across the entire thickness. After pressing and gluing, a roll of timber is obtained. The roll-bar is taken out from under the press and in it are drilled according to the marking of the hole 4 for the fasteners of the supports for fastening the rails, getting a finished sleeper.

According to the proposed technology, four plates were rolled into a roll-bar at once, with a thickness of each mechanically strong plate equal to 4 mm.

The advantages of the proposed method for the manufacture of sleepers:

1. The speed of coagulation (in a roll-bar of the same thickness) of two to four mechanically strong plates in comparison with the speed of coagulation of one mechanically strong plate increases by 2-4 times.

2. The accuracy of the holes for the fasteners of the supports for fastening the rails and the reliability of fastening the rails to the sleepers increases, since the holes are obtained by drilling with minimal gaps between the fasteners and the sleepers.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing sleepers, including preparing the workpiece, forming the sleepers and making holes for the fasteners of the supports for fastening the rails, while the plates that make up the workpiece use thin sheets of wood veneer, the preparation of the workpiece is carried out by impregnating thin sheets of wood with waterproof antiseptic impregnation veneer over the entire thickness and further gluing of thin sheets of wood veneer, while receiving a workpiece in the form of a mechanically strong plate of wood veneer, Sleeping is carried out after applying an additional layer of glue to the surface of a mechanically strong plate of wood veneer by rolling this plate along the entire length into a roll, in the form of the corresponding configuration of the sleepers, and then pressing the roll, characterized in that the formation of the sleepers is carried out from at least two blanks , which use at least two mechanically strong plates, an additional layer of glue is applied to the surface of each mechanically strong plate, and the formation of sleepers They are made by rolling into a roll and then pressing simultaneously all mechanically strong plates, thus obtaining a sleeper in the form of a roll-beam.

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