RU2481193C1 - Pelletising press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention to material forming and may be used for making pellets from coal fines, peat grit, chips, etc. Proposed press comprises casing to house shaft with forming wheel mounted off-center. Said wheel is arranged between top and bottom flanges. Top flange has offloading opening and check opening arranged there above in bottom flange. Forming wheel is rigidly fitted on shaft, its axis being offset relative to casing axis. Said shaft is installed at plates with bearings, adjustment links and oval holes. Said plates are secured by means of studs and nuts at top and bottom flanges. Flanges are secured to casing. Plate teeth are regularly located on forming wheel outer side. Teeth side surfaces are inclined toward pellet exit through a definite angle to interact with plate teeth of second forming wheel. Second wheel is arranged in casing between top and bottom flanges with minimum clearance to run free therein. Second wheel teeth are regularly spaced on inner surface at the same spacing and with the same inclination at angle a to direction of rotation.

EFFECT: higher quality of pellets, increased press MTBR.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of materials by pressure and can be used for the manufacture of briquettes from coal fines, peat chips, sawdust, mixtures thereof and other bulk materials.

Known press for briquetting bulk materials (patent RU No. 2041826 IPC B30V 11/20), containing a wheel with a working channel on the inner surface, in which an eccentric wheel placed a pressing disk. The wheel is mounted on drive support rollers, pairwise placed on two pairs of rockers, which, with their bearing surface, which is part of the cylinder, rest on glasses placed in open sockets of the bed and fixed with it using flanges. Bearings of drive shafts are kinematically connected to the rollers by gear wheels. The gear shafts of the drive shafts are connected to the gear of the drive shaft of the press drive.

The disadvantage of this press is that to ensure increased load capacity significantly complicate and weight the design of the press, which leads to a reduction in its overhaul life.

Also known is a briquetting press (patent RU No. 2273563 IPC B30B 11/20) containing a vertically located casing with a rotor inside. The part of the casing protruding above the rotor acts as a receiving hopper.

The rotor consists of a shaft on which a cylindrical eccentric is fixedly fixed, on which the forming wheel rotates freely with a crown of concave teeth from Novikov gear.

The upper and lower flanges are fixedly attached to the cam and shaft.

The upper flange has a loading window and a viewing window. The bottom flange has a discharge window. The viewing window is closed by a lid on top of which a spring-loaded strip is attached to remove briquettes.

The disadvantage of this press is that when the shaft rotates, the loading and unloading window rotates inside the casing, which makes it difficult to control the supply of the pressed mass and leads to the spread of briquettes around the shaft, complicates their removal from the press.

In addition, the rotation of the forming wheel in the area of the loading window with an angular advance relative to the casing leads to incomplete filling of the pressed mass between the teeth of the forming wheel.

Object of the invention:

1. Optimize the pressing process.

2. Improve the quality of the briquette (product).

3. To activate the "evacuation" (removal) of the briquette (product) from the forming wheel.

4. Increase the overhaul life of the press.

The problem is solved in that the forming wheel is rigidly fixed to the shaft, the axis of which is mixed relative to the casing by the amount of eccentricity mounted on plates with bearings, adjusting rods and oval holes fixed with studs and nuts, on the upper and lower flanges, which enter with their protrusions into the casing and fixed on it with through studs and nuts, while on the outside of the forming wheel there are evenly lamellar teeth, the side surfaces of which are inclined in the direction exit "briquette (product) at an angle α °, which interact with lamellar teeth, also uniformly located on the inner surface with the same pitch and tilt at an angle α ° in the direction of rotation of the second forming wheel mounted in the casing between the upper and lower flanges with a minimum the gap and the possibility of free rotation in the casing.

On the upper and lower flanges outside from the side of the adjusting rod and perpendicular to its axis, a stop is fixed with an opening for the threaded part of the adjusting rod of the plate.

An additional (second) loading window is provided in the upper flange, equipped with a metering device, for example, in the form of a shutter.

On top of the casing is a removable boot device with an inner conical surface and a control lever for the flap of the additional (second) loading window.

The spring-loaded strip is made in the form of a bracket with a bulge towards the briquette (product).

Adjusting gaskets are installed between the upper and lower flanges and the ends of the casing.

Thus, the inventive briquetting press meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions of this technical field are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive briquetting press meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows the proposed briquetting press, a General side view in section; figure 2 is a view a of figure 1; figure 3 is a section bb In figure 1; figure 4 is a General view of the forming wheel in a perspective view; figure 3 is a General view of the second forming wheel, in a perspective view; figure 6 is a General view of a spring-loaded strip attached to the cover of the viewing window, in a perspective view, in disassembled form.

Briquetting press contains a vertically located casing 1 (Fig. 1), in which an eccentric shaft 2 is installed with a forming wheel 3 located between the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges, and a loading window 6 (Fig. 2) and an inspection window are made in the upper 4 flange a window 7 located under the discharge window 8 in the lower 5 (FIG. 1) flange, a cover 9 (FIG. 6) of the viewing window 7 (FIG. 2) with a spring-loaded strip 10 attached (FIG. 6).

The forming wheel 3 (Fig. 1) is rigidly fixed to the shaft 2, the axis II of which is offset from the axis II-II of the casing 1 by the amount of eccentricity "c" mounted on the plates 11 with bearings 12, adjusting rods 13 and oval holes 14, fixed with using pins 15 and nuts 16 on the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges, entering their protrusions in the casing 1 and secured to it with through pins 17 and nuts 18, while on the outer side of the forming wheel 3 (figure 4) are lamellar teeth 19, the side surfaces 20 of which are inclined in the direction of exit of the briquette (product) at an angle α °, which interact with the lamellar teeth 21 (Fig. 5), also uniformly located on the inner surface with the same pitch and tilt at an angle α ° along the rotation of the second forming wheel 22 installed in casing 1 (figure 1) between the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges with a minimum clearance and the possibility of free rotation in the casing 1.

On the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges outside from the side of the adjusting rod 13 and perpendicular to its axis, a stop 23 is fixed with an opening for the threaded part of the adjusting rod 13 of the plate 11.

In the upper 4 flange (FIG. 2), an additional (second) loading window 24 is provided, equipped with a metering device, for example, in the form of a shutter 25 (FIG. 1).

On top of the casing 1 (Fig. 1), a removable loading device 26 is installed with an inner conical surface 27 and a control lever 28 for the shutter 25 of the additional (second) loading window 24.

The spring-loaded strip 10 (Fig.6) is made in the form of a bracket with a bulge towards the briquette (product).

Between the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges and the ends of the casing 1 (Fig1) installed shims 29.

Press briquetting works as follows. Bulk material, for example, coal fines, is fed into a removable loading device 26 (Fig. 1) with an internal conical surface 27 and a control lever 28 of the shutter 25, which, when loading, overlaps the additional loading window 24.

When the shaft 2 rotates, the forming wheel 3 rotates, the lamellar teeth 19, which interact with the lamellar teeth 21 of the second molding wheel 22 mounted in the casing 1 between the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges with a minimum clearance, setting it in motion.

At the same time, the loaded coal fines through the loading window 6 enters the cavity between the forming wheel 3, the second forming wheel 22, the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges and is directed to the narrowest space where the coal fines are compressed as much as possible, forming a briquette (product), defined the parameters of the lamellar teeth 19 (figure 4), the side surfaces 20 of which have a slope in the direction of the outlet of the briquette (product) at an angle α ° and the second forming wheel 22 (figure 5).

With further promotion of the briquette (product), when it will be opposite the viewing window 7 (figure 2) and the unloading window 8, the spring-loaded strip 10, made in the form of a bracket with a bulge towards the briquette, will act on it from above attached to the cover 9 of the viewing window 7 (product) and push it out of the space between the lamellar teeth 19 of the forming wheel 3 (figure 4).

If the quality of the briquette (product) is unsatisfactory due to insufficient filling, open the shutter 25 of the additional (second) loading window 24 (figure 2).

If it is found that the density of the briquette (product) is insufficient for a particular material, then using the adjusting rods 13 mounted on the plates 11 with bearings 12 and oval holes 14 (FIG. 1), the distance (eccentricity) “c” between the axes is changed through the emphasis 23 II and II-II of the forming wheel 3 and the casing 1, moving the plate 11 along the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges, fixing the nuts 16 on the studs 15 (Fig.2).

To ensure the integrity of the press and the necessary effort created by the forming wheel 3 (Fig. 1), the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges enter their protrusions into the casing 1 and are fixed on it with the help of through studs 17 and nuts 18.

As the inner surfaces of the upper 4 and lower 5 flanges wear out, a certain number of shims 29 are removed in order to restore the initial (optimal) gaps between the ends of the forming wheel 3, the second forming wheel 22 and the upper 4, as well as the lower 5 flanges.

Due to the fact that the forming wheel is rigidly fixed to the shaft, the axis of which is shifted relative to the axis of the casing by the amount of eccentricity mounted on plates with bearings, adjusting rods and oval holes fixed with studs and nuts on the upper and lower flanges, it allows you to change the eccentricity of the shaft with the forming wheel relative to the casing and the second forming wheel, reaching the required density of the briquette (product), improving its quality and optimizing the pressing process.

Due to the fact that lamellar teeth are evenly located on the outside of the forming wheel, the lateral surfaces of which have a slope in the direction of the outlet of the briquette (product) at an angle α °, as well as the fact that the spring-loaded strip is made in the form of a bracket, convex towards the briquette (product), guarantees "Evacuation" (removal) of the briquette (product) from the forming wheel.

The presence of adjustable gaskets between the upper and lower flanges allows you to maintain an optimal gap between the inner surfaces of both flanges and the ends of the forming wheels, thereby increasing the overhaul life of the briquetting press.

Claims (6)

1. A briquetting press, comprising a vertically positioned casing in which a shaft is eccentrically mounted with a forming wheel located between the upper and lower flanges, wherein a loading window and a viewing window located above the discharge window in the lower flange, a viewing window cover with attached spring-loaded strip, characterized in that the forming wheel is rigidly fixed to the shaft, the axis of which is offset relative to the axis of the casing by the amount of eccentricity, and the shaft is mounted on plates with a bearing by means of adjusting rods and oval holes fixed with studs and nuts on the upper and lower flanges, entering projections into the casing with their protrusions and fixed on it with through studs and nuts, while on the outside of the forming wheel there are uniformly lamellar teeth, side surfaces which have a slope in the direction of the briquette exit at an angle α °, said lamellar teeth have the ability to interact with lamellar teeth evenly located on the inner surface of the second molding wheels with the same pitch and inclination at an angle α ° in the direction of rotation, and the second forming wheel is installed in the casing between the upper and lower flanges with a gap and with the possibility of free rotation. 2. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that on the upper and lower flanges outside from the side of the adjusting rod and perpendicular to its axis, a stop is fixed with an opening for the threaded part of the adjusting rod. 3. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional loading window is provided in the upper flange, equipped with a metering device, for example, in the form of a shutter. 4. The press according to claim 3, characterized in that a removable loading device with an inner conical surface and a control lever for the shutter of the additional loading window is installed on top of the casing. 5. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring-loaded strip is made in the form of a bracket, convex towards the briquette. 6. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that between the upper and lower flanges and the ends of the casing are installed shims.

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