RU2479213C1 - Method of increasing egg-laying capacity of chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of increasing the egg-laying capacity of laying chickens. The method of increasing the egg-laying capacity of laying chickens includes an introduction to the basic diet of dihydroethoxyquin in the amount of 100 mg per one kilogram of dry matter of the basic diet.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to affect favorably on the antioxidant-antiradical status, metabolism and egg-laying capacity of chickens.

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Description

The invention relates to the feeding of poultry, namely laying hens.

It is known from the prior art that the antioxidant ethoxyquin (Santokhin) is used: 1) as an effective stabilizer of fats and vitamins in feed of farm animals; 2) as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent against animal diseases, encephalomalacia, exudative diathesis, and muscular dystrophy (Manual on the use of ethoxychin (Santokhin) in animal husbandry and in the production of grass meal. Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture of Russia No. 13-5-2 / 1144. TU 6 -02-1288-84 IZM, 1-5, 09/07/2004).

The new domestic preparation, dihydroethoxyquin, is a hydrogenated derivative of the antioxidant ethoxyquin widely used in the production of livestock and poultry products. The preparation was synthesized and kindly provided by the RiVKNO-ROS Innovation Foundation, Moscow.

There is a method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens, taken as a prototype and including the introduction of dihydroethoxychin into the main diet in order to increase the growth rate of broiler chickens (Galochkin V.A., Krapivina E.V., Shalegin V.N., Galochkina V. P. Patent No. 2364246 dated 08/20/2009 A method of increasing the productivity of broiler chickens).

In world science, the problem of the formation of the antioxidant status of the organism of higher animals and poultry is completely justified. New aspects of the regulatory role and the effect of antioxidants on metabolic processes, on the state of the defenses of the human body, animals and poultry continue to be revealed, an intensive search is constantly underway for new, more effective antioxidants.

Free radicals are normal, physiologically natural metabolites in a large number of body processes and, especially, in the reactions of lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial tissue respiration (oxygenase pathway of oxygen metabolism). However, their excess production and the inability of the body to successfully normalize their number is the most common cause of the most serious and diverse metabolic pathologies. To combat them, the body contains a multicomponent, multifunctional and defense in depth antioxidant-anti-radical defense system.

Theoretically, in the body there is a physiologically homeostatic level of free radical processes and lipid peroxidation, which is necessary for the normal functioning of all intracellular components, as well as for the regulation of lipid composition, fluidity and, therefore, normal permeability of cytoplasmic membranes, without which the course of all biochemical processes is unthinkable . This stationary state is determined by the tissue balance of antioxidants and prooxidants. In certain unfavorable biochemical situations in the body, tissue balance may shift towards prooxidants. This condition has been called oxidative metabolic stress. The result of oxidative metabolic stress is a partial or even complete disruption of the functioning of protective systems and the development of oxidative damage to literally every cell of all, without exception, organs and tissues.

For many years in the world, the content of malondialdehyde in the blood has been recognized as a generally accepted criterion for the ratio of antioxidant-prooxidant processes in any cell of the body and the functional activity of the systems responsible for non-specific resistance. An increase in its content characterizes the inability of the body’s protective systems to successfully cope with the processes of lipid peroxidation and oxygen oxidation along the one-electron pathway, during which the bulk of superreactive free radicals are formed - undeoxidized oxygen products that impede the normal course of all biosynthetic processes in the body.

Analysis of cholesterol fractions of lipoproteins of various densities around the world also continues to be among the most important diagnostic tests of the state of the antioxidant-antiradical system, and among the most important criteria for the functional state of metabolism in the body.

Currently, indicators such as total lipids, total phospholipids, triacylglycerols and, even, total cholesterol, separately cease to be assessed as having independent diagnostic significance. They are considered as asymptomatic in the clinic, i.e. they do not provide accurate diagnostic information about a specific pathology. In experimental biochemical practice, they recognize the ability to only reflect a certain general state of lipid metabolism in the body, a potential, poorly informative tendency.

The present invention is directed to solving the technical problem of increasing the egg production of chickens.

The problem is solved in that, in contrast to the known methods of feeding laying hens, which include basic nutrition with full feed, according to the invention, a new antioxidant dihydroethoxyquin is introduced into the main diet instead of conventional antioxidants.

The advantage of the proposed method for feeding laying hens over the traditional one is that when it is used, the functional activity of the systems responsible for the antioxidant-antiradical status is significantly and significantly increased. Moreover, in laying hens, not only the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the blood decreases, but also the direction of lipid-cholesterol metabolism changes radically. These metabolic changes are decisive in the intensity of biosynthesis by hens of eggs. The new antioxidant dihydroethoxyquin used is a solid water-soluble substance, unlike liquid fat-soluble ethoxyquin, it is more stable, less toxic, and has greater antioxidant activity. The use of dihydroethoxychin in production is more technologically advanced, since it can be introduced in the required dose in both feed and drinking water of laying hens.

A distinctive feature of the invention is an increase in productivity - we associate with optimization of the antioxidant-prooxidant status in laying hens, with a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and with a normalization of the direction of lipid-cholesterol metabolism, which is determined by a decrease in blood of malondialdehyde, low cholesterol fractions of lipoproteins of low lipoproteins density and increase fractions of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. A consequence of the emerging positive metabolic situation in the body of laying hens is the intensification of biosynthetic processes in the body, leading to an increase in egg laying of hens. The effect of increasing productivity is achieved by introducing into the main complete feed compound a new antioxidant dihydroethoxychine in an amount of 100 mg / kg of feed. In the patent and scientific literature available, we did not find the use of dihydroethoxychine to increase the egg production of chickens. This circumstance allows us to consider the claimed invention patentable as meeting the condition of patentability "inventive step" (Patent Law of the Russian Federation of 10/14/1992).

Example 1

The experiment was conducted at the Vasilievskaya poultry farm in the Penza region. The poultry farm uses outdoor technology for keeping laying hens of the parent flock of the cross ROOSS-308 of the Big Dachman company.

2 groups of laying hens of the parent herd of 100 animals each and 14 roosters were formed. Feeding the birds was carried out in accordance with existing standards. The age of the bird at the beginning of the experiment is 227 days. Dihydroethoxyquin was added to the feed at a dose of 100 mg / kg of feed. On day 41 of the experiment, blood was taken from the axillary vein for biochemical analyzes.

Biochemical methods of analysis.

In the blood of chickens and egg yolk are defined:

1. The activity of glutathione peroxidase; 2. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products (MDA, malondialdehyde); 3. Triacylglycerols (TG); 4. Total cholesterol (XO); 5. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HLPVP); 6. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (CLLP); 7. Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (HLPONP); 8. Total protein; 9. Albumin.

An objective assessment of the functional state of the systems responsible for the state of the antioxidant-antiradical defense of the body, for the metabolic state, was carried out by us according to the group of indicators shown in Table 1. It summarizes the main results of the experiment. Since we did not find any significant intergroup differences in the activity of glutathione peroxidase, the concentration of total protein and albumin, these indicators are not included in the table.

Table 1 Indicators of lipid-cholesterol metabolism in the blood of chickens, μm / l The studied indicators Groups Triacyl glycerols Total cholesterol HDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol VLDL cholesterol MDA Recommended method (experience) 1.22 ± 0.39 5.63 ± 0.54 2.99 ± 0.56 2.09 ± 0.38 0.55 ± 0.08 6.65 ± 0.42 The traditional way (control) 1.23 ± 0.37 6.18 ± 0.31 1.49 ± 0.22 4.13 ± 0.50 0.56 ± 0.06 8.11 ± 0.72 % to control 99.19 91.10 200.67 51.0 102.0 81.9

Familiarization with the digital material presented in table 1 reveals very interesting patterns. The concentration of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and its content in the fraction of very low density lipoproteins does not undergo significant and significant changes, while in the experimental group, the concentration of cholesterol in the fraction of high density lipoproteins significantly and significantly increases (one and a half times), and cholesterol fraction of low density lipoproteins sharply decreases (almost twice). As you can see from the digital material summarized in the table, the concentration of malondialdehyde was 18% lower in the experimental group than in the control, indicating the high efficiency of the antioxidant systems of the chicken body. Thus, a strict inverse proportion between the dihydroethoxychin introduced into the diet and the blood content of laying hens of malondialdehyde was demonstrated.

The obtained experimental material fully confirmed the correctness of our starting premise. For this group of indicators, we also received new, very convincing information. The most remarkable circumstance is a significant and reliable increase in the concentration of cholesterol fractions in high density lipoproteins in the blood, which are now classified as anti-atherogenic fractions, and a decrease in blood cholesterol content in low-density lipoproteins fractions, which are classified as atherogenic fractions.

The cholesterol content of lipoprotein fractions of various densities is one of the most important diagnostic tests of the state of the antioxidant-antiradical system, and one of the most important criteria for the state of metabolic processes in the body. This confidence is based on the actual status quo, according to which, the higher the functional activity of the antioxidant system, the lower the concentration of HLPNP (atherogenic factor) and the higher the concentration of HLPVP (antiatherogenic factor). Naturally, along with the analysis of the complex of products of lipid peroxidation, (malondialdehyde).

In the experimental group of laying hens, the factors related to atherogenic (in the broad sense of the interpretation of this term) decreased, while the factors classified as anti-atherogenic increased. It should be emphasized that the terms “atherogenicity” and “antiatherogenicity” are used throughout the world only for brevity. For a long time, everyone has been investing a much broader meaning in them, completely not limited only to cardiovascular pathology. This is far from the only, and perhaps not the main information provided by the analysis of cholesterol of various lipoprotein fractions and the associated dyslipemia, this includes a large list of very serious, systemic metabolic disorders.

The concentration of MDA in the yolk of control chickens was 60.2 ± 0.54 μM / L, which is almost 10 times higher than its concentration in the blood. At the same time, the MDA content in the yolk of the chicken group with DHE was 22.6 ± 3.21 μM / L and amounted to 36.3% of the value in the control. These are very interesting data, speaking, on the one hand, about the high intensity of metabolic processes in the yolk of eggs, in particular this applies to lipid peroxidation processes. On the other hand, in groups with tested antioxidants, the concentration of MDA was almost three times lower than in the control.

The egg weight in the control and experimental groups on the 25th and 41st day of the experiment ranged from 60-65 g, the weight of the yolk, protein and shell also did not have significant intergroup differences. According to the content of total protein and albumin in the blood, the experimental bird also did not have advantages over the control one.

The egg production of chickens of the dihydroethoxyquin group was 85.90% and was 7.3% higher than the control group.

Thus, the increased egg production of hens of the experimental group, according to our data, is a consequence of a decrease in the processes of lipid peroxidation in their body and the normalization of lipid-cholesterol metabolism. And we fully attribute the successful neutralization of lipid peroxidation products and free radicals excessively formed in their bodies to the action of dihydroethoxychine added to the diet.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the egg production of chickens, including basic full-nutrition, characterized in that dihydroethoxyquin in the amount of 100 mg per kilogram of dry matter of the main diet is additionally introduced into the main diet of laying hens.